VALUE OF TOLERANCE IN GINA PRINCE S THE SECRET LIFE OF BEES MOVIE (2008): A MARXIST APPROACH RESEARCH PAPER Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Educations in English Department By: YENI CAHYANINGSIH A 320 060 265 SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2011
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TESTIMONY Herewith, I testify that in this research paper, there is no plagiarism of the previous literary work which has been conducted in obtaining bachelor degree of university, and also there are no masterpieces which have been written or published by others, except those in writing are referred in the manuscript and mentioned in the literature review and bibliography. Hence, later, if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this testimony, I will fully be responsible. Surakarta, October 2012 Yeni Cahyaningsih A 320 060 265 iv
MOTTO Always remember that the future comes one day at time (Deon Acheson) The man who says he never has time is the laziest man (Lichtenberg) I want to be a hero even though it s just only for my parents (The Writer) v
DEDICATION This research paper is Whole-heartedly dedicated to: Allah SWT, the lord of the universe My beloved parents My family My life My best friends My idol And my future vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Assalamu alaikum Wr. Wb. First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to Allah SWT, the merciful and compassionate for all blessing and divine guidance during the preparation until the accomplishment of this paper. I realize that in arranging this research paper, I got help, support and encouragement from others. I would like to convey my deepest thank to all persons who have helped me totally both direct and indirect in accomplishing this research paper. Therefore, I would like to express my thanks to: 1. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.si, Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education. 2. Titis Setyabudi,S.S, M.Hum as Head of English Department in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, And as the second consultant who had given correction, suggestion and advice patiently and wisely. 3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed as the writer s Academic Consultant of Teacher Training and Education and as the first consultant who has guided and advices patiently during arranged this research paper. 4. Giri Lumakto, S.Pd as the third consultant who had given correction, suggestion and advice patiently and wisely. 5. My beloved parents, who always supports, gives attention, prays and always have given to me everything. 6. My niece (Alysa, Puput, Pipit and Early) thanks for their support. vii
7. My best friends, Ayuk Dodoy, Lilik Aryanti, Triska Norma, Ririn Airin, Johar Diah, Dwi Kurnia, Sovia Rahma, Dwi Christina, Aminah, Ike Widi, Yanata FU, Ateng, Punk Joel, Bintoro and Jumiyem who have supported me in every need. 8. My Idol (Kotak, Simple Plan, TRIAD and Prinzes Icez Amanda), who have inspire me every time. Hopefully this research paper will be useful for those who want to study literature. I realize that the research paper is still for from being perfect. Therefore supportive criticism and suggestion are really hoped and badly needed to make this research paper better. Wassalamu alaikum Wr. Wb. Surakarta, October 2012 Yeni Cahyaningsih viii
TABLE OF CONTENT PAGE OF TITLE. APPROVAL... ACCEPTANCE. TESTIMONY MOTTO. DEDICATION.. ACKNOWLEDGMENT.. TABLE OF CONTENT TABLE OF PICTURES SUMMARY... Page i ii iii iv v vi vii ix xiv xvii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.. 1 A. Background of Study 1 B. Literature Review. 7 C. Problem Statement 9 D. Limitation of the Study. 9 E. Objective of the Study.. 9 F. Benefit of Study 10 G. Research Method.. 10 H. Research Organization.. 11 ix
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY.. 13 A. Notion of Marxism 13 B. Principle of Marxism. 14 1. Dialectical Materialism. 14 2. Historical Materialism.. 15 3. Alienation.. 16 4. Class Struggle..... 17 5. Revolution. 17 C. Value of Tolerance. 18 1. Notion of Tolerance.. 18 2. Aspect of Tolerance.. 18 a. Permitting or Allowing 18 b. A Conduct or Point of View 19 c. Respecting the person in the process 19 3. Characteristics of Tolerance. 19 D. Structural Elements of the Movie.. 20 1. Narrative Elements 20 a. Character and Characterization 20 b. Plot.. 20 c. Setting. 21 d. Point of View.. 22 e. Theme. 22 2. Technical Elements.. 23 x
a. Mise-en-Scene. 23 b. Cinematography.. 26 c. Sound... 29 d. Editing.. 29 e. Casting... 30 E. Theoretical Application. 31 CHAPTER III SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF UNITED STATES SOCIETY IN THE MIDDLE OF TWENTIETH CENTURY 32 A. Social Aspect. 32 1. Social Structures 32 2. Social Status.. 33 3. Social Stratification.. 34 4. Ethnic Relation. 34 5. Urbanization or Migration 35 6. Segregation in America 36 B. Economic Aspect.. 37 C. Political Aspect 38 D. Science and Technology Aspect. 39 E. Cultural Aspect 40 F. Educational Aspect. 40 G. Religious Aspect. 41 The Life of Gina Prince Bythewood 42 xi
CHAPTER IV STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE SECRET LIFE OF BEES 45 A. Structural Elements of The Secret Life of Bees.. 45 1. Narrative Elements 45 a. Character and Characterization 45 b. Plot.. 52 c. Setting.. 54 d. Point of View 57 e. Theme... 58 2. Technical Elements 59 a. Mise-en-Scene. 59 b. Cinematography.. 66 c. Sound 69 d. Editing. 69 e. Casting 71 B. Discussion. 72 CHAPTER V MARXIST ANALYSIS 77 A. Marxist Issues 77 1. Dialectical Materialism. 78 2. Historical Materialism.. 80 3. Alienation. 83 4. Class Struggle.. 85 5. Revolution 87 xii
B. Value of Tolerance 89 C. Discussion. 91 CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 94 A. Conclusion 94 B. Suggestion 95 BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX xiii
TABLE OF PICTURES Picture 1. Lily Melissa Owens (Dakota Fanning) 46 Picture 2. August Boatwright (Queen Latifah)... 47 Picture 3. Rosaleen Daise (Jennifer Hudson)... 48 Picture 4. Zachary Taylor (Tristan Wilds)... 49 Picture 5. June Boatwright (Alicia Keys)... 50 Picture 6. May Boatwright (Sophie Okenedo). 51 Picture 7. Terrence Ray (Paul Bettany) 51 Picture 8. Tiburon. 54 Picture 9. Theatre.. 54 Picture 10. Boatwright s House.. 54 Picture 11. Honey House 54 Picture 12. Boatwright Living Room.. 55 Picture 13. Boatwright Dining Room. 55 Picture 14. Lily Sleeping Room.. 55 Picture 15. Boatwright Yard 56 Picture 16. Lily House. 56 Picture 17. Lily Sleeping Room.. 56 Picture 18. Lily Kitchen.. 56 Picture 19. Lily Owens 57 Picture 20. August Boatwright 57 Picture 21. Lily Owens 58 Picture 22. August in Dialogue 58 Picture 23. Terrace 59 Picture 24. Sleeping Room... 59 Picture 25. Kitchen... 60 Picture 26. May s Wall. 60 Picture 27. Animal Husbandry. 60 Picture 28. Honey House.. 60 xiv
Picture 29. Lily s House 61 Picture 30. Lily Sleeping Room 61 Picture 31. Lily s Kitchen. 61 Picture 32. Lily Uniform Work. 62 Picture 33. August Dress 62 Picture 34. Lily Shirt.. 62 Picture 35. Bright Light.. 63 Picture 36. Dark Light 63 Picture 37. Soft Light in the Garden 63 Picture 38. Soft Light at Romantic Situation. 64 Picture 39. Strong Light at Hospital... 64 Picture 40. The Light from the Outside Room as a Light Source. 64 Picture 41. The Sun as the Light Source 65 Picture 42. The Lamp as the Light Source 65 Picture 43. The Light Direction, Spotting From the Right Side 65 Picture 44. The Light on Boatwright s Family in the Outside.. 65 Picture 45. The Sun is natural color.. 66 Picture 46. The Lamp is white color 66 Picture 47. Straight on Angle.. 67 Picture 48. High Angle.. 67 Picture 49. Low Angle 67 Picture 50. Extreme Long Shot 68 Picture 51. Long Shot.. 68 Picture 52. Medium Long Shot 68 Picture 53. Medium Shot.. 68 Picture 54. Medium Close-Up. 68 Picture 55. Close-Up 68 Picture 56. Extreme Close-Up.. 69 Picture 57. Axis of Action 70 Picture 58. Axis of Action 70 Picture 59. Establishing Shot 70 xv
Picture 60. Eye Line Match.. 70 Picture 61. Eye Line Match.. 71 Picture 62. Reverse Shot 71 Picture 63. Match in Action.. 71 Picture 64. Match in Action.. 71 Picture 65. Process of Dialectical Materialism. 78 Picture 66. Process of Historical Materialism.. 82 Picture 67. Process of Alienation.. 84 Picture 68. Process of Class Struggle 86 Picture 69. Process of Revolution.. 88 xvi
SUMMARY YENI CAHYANINGSIH A. 320 060 265. VALUE OF TOLERANCE IN GINA PRINCE S THE SECRET LIFE OF BEES MOVIE (2008): A MARXIST APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINNG AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2012. The problem of the study is to reveal value of tolerance reflected in The Secret Life of Bees movie directed by Gina Prince Bythewood published in 2008. The objectives of the study are to analyze the film based on structural analysis and based on the Marxist analysis. This study is descriptive qualitative study. The object of the study is The Secret Life of Bees movie directed by Gina Prince Bythewood. The data sources are divided into two namely primary and secondary data source. The primary data source is the film itself and the secondary data source is the other source related to the analysis such as references, author biography, criticisms relation to the problem and material related to the study whether picking up from books or internet. The methods of data collection are observation and library research. The technique of data analysis is descriptive analysis. The outcome of the study is shown in the following conclusion. First, based on the structural analysis, Gina Prince delivers a message that the blacks have a high tolerance in the discrimination. Tolerance is important in the society, as black and white. They must be have tolerance. The black just wants a little respect from the whites as a human being. Racial discrimination can be changed with tolerance because the blacks have rights to live in the world. Second, based on Marxist analysis, Gina Prince reflects the racial discrimination by present Marxist issues in this movie. The blacks can be survived with the race prejudice which comes from the whites. KeyWords: The Secret Life of Bees, value, tolerance xvii