THE ANALYSIS OF NON-OBSERVANCE MAXIMS TO GENERATE CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED THE IDES OF MARCH (A PRAGMATICS APPROACH) THESIS Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for Sarjana Sastra Degree in English Department Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University By: Dewi Ikke Nuryani C0309022 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY 2013 i
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MOTTOS Allah always gives what we need, not what we want because Allah knows us best. (be positive) Fa inna ma al usri yusraa Verily, with every difficulty, there is a relief ( al insyira: 5) Try it or you will regret it By. The researcher v
DEDICATION This precious work is dedicated to My beloved Mom and Dad My Beloved Sister and My Friends All people who Love Pragmatics Study vi
ACKNOWLEDMENT Bismillahirrohmanirrohim Alhamdulillahirrobil alamin All praises just for Allah SWT, for His blessing, love and guidance so that I can complete this thesis. This research will not complete without support from others. Therefore, the I would like to express her gratitude to : 1. Allah Subhanallahu wa ta ala and his prophet, Muhammad SAW, who always love and care me. 2. Drs.Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed.,Ph.D. as the Dean of Faculty of Letters and fine arts, for approving this thesis. 3. Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo,MA.,Ph.D as the Head of English Department for permission to write this thesis. 4. Drs. S. Budi Waskito,M.Pd as my thesis supervisor for his guidance, patience, suggestion and advice so that I can finish this thesis. 5. Dr.Tri Wiratno,M.A. as my academic supervisor for his guidance during my study. 6. All my lecturers in English Department for their knowledge given to me. 7. My beloved family in Blora, Bapak Mujayin and Ibu Marsini, dek ana, mas lana for their love, pray, support and advice. 8. All my friends in ED 09 for the nice discussion, friendships and happiness. vii
9. For others who have not listed yet, it does not mean that I have neglected your support and assistance. Thank you so much. I believe that this thesis is still far for being perfect, thus comments and suggestions are open-handedly accepted. Hopefully this thesis will be useful for others. The researcher, Dewi Ikke Nuryani viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE... i THESIS APPROVAL OF THE CONSULTANT... ii THESIS APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS... iii PRONOUNCEMENT... iv MOTTOS... v DEDICATION... vi ACKNOLEDMENT... vii TABLE OF CONTENTS... ix ABSTRACT... xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION... 1 A. Background... 1 B. Research Questions... 4 C. Research Objectives... 5 D. Research significances... 5 E. Scope of Research... 5 F. Thesis Organization... 5 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW... 7 A. Pragmatics... 7 B. Implicature... 8 C. Conventional implicature... 9 D. Conversational implicature... 10 E. Cooperative Principle... 11 F. The conversational maxims... 13 G. The non-observance maxims... 15 H. Context... 23 I. Language and Politics... 25 J. Film theory... 26 K. Film synopsis... 27 ix
L. Review of other researches... 28 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY... 31 A. Research Methodology... 31 B. The source of Data... 32 C. Sample and Sampling technique... 33 D. Technique of Collecting Data... 33 E. Technique of Coding Data... 34 F. Technique of Analyzing Data... 35 CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS... 36 A. Introduction... 36 B. Analysis 1. Kinds of non-observance of the maxims... 37 2. Reasons... 91 C. Discussion 1. Kinds of non-observance of the maxims... 107 2. Reasons... 110 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION... 114 A. Conclusion... 114 B. Suggestion... 115 Bibliography Appendices x
THE ANALYSIS OF NON-OBSERVANCE MAXIMS TO GENERATE CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED THE IDES OF MARCH (BASED ON PRAGMATICS APPROACH) Dewi Ikke Nuryani 1 Drs.S.Budi Waskito, M.Pd 2 ABSTRACT 2013. This research attempts to find out the kinds of non-observance of the maxims employed by the characters in the movie entitled The Ides of March, to find out the reasons why the characters in the movie entitled The Ides of March employ the non-observance of the maxims. This research applied qualitative descriptive method with purposive sampling technique. This research also used the primary and secondary data. The primary data of this research consist of detail description about the types of non-observance of the maxims taken from the movie entitled The ides of March. Meanwhile, the secondary data consist of the information about this movie used in this study. The data and source of data of this research were taken from the political movie entitled The Ides of March which was released on 2011 & directed by George Clooney. The results show that there are four types of non-observance of the maxims employed by the characters of the movie. They are flouting of the maxims found in 20 data, violating of the maxims found in 1 datum, opting out of the maxims found in 2 data and suspending of the maxims found in 2 data. The data is dominated by the employing of the flouting maxim of manner. It is due to the position of the characters as the politicians who are demanded to be cooperative with the interview and able to maintain the secret information. Moreover, there are ten reasons why the characters of the movie employ the non-observance of the maxims. They are to convince someone, to keep the information secret, to maintain a good image, to give clearer information, to confirm the statement, to show disagreement, to make a joke, to maintain ethical code, to respect someone, and to express feeling and condition. The reason is influenced by the context of situation and context of culture. Referring to conclusion above, this research is expected to give a contribution for the readers in studying the non-observance of the maxims in the politics area. It is suggested that other researchers conduct further research about the non-observance of the maxim in the real world of politics area. Keywords: Pragmatics, Non-observance of the maxims, Politics, Implicature 1 Student of English department/ NIM C0309022 2 Thesis Supervisor xi