Weekly Lecture by Sister Eman al Obaid Date: Tuesday, 2 nd October 2012 [Notes shared by sistersnotes@googlegroups.com ] Al-Mash ala Jabeerah wal Asaabah wal-lasooq [Wiping over the Plaster (Cast), Bandage and Band-Aid] http://alhudasisters.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/fiqh3.pdf -> Page 39 Today we will see how to wipe over these 3 things [Plaster (cast), bandage and band aid] 1
Wearing any of these 3 things (plaster/bandage/band aid) is very common with children. At some point in our life, we may also need to wear any of them due to some wounds or injuries. So let us see how to wipe over them when making wudhu and ghusl. Rulings and Conditions (of wiping over the plaster/ bandage/ band aid) 2
A Muslim can put any of the things mentioned above (ie; plaster/ bandage/ band aid) if he needs to wear them in any case. It is not required to put them after purification [means he doesn t need to wear them in the state of tahaarah (pure/clean) or after making wudhu ]. As long as he needs to wear them ((ie; plaster/ bandage/ band aid), he may wipe over them during that period when he is purifying himself from minor and major hadath (ie; when making wudhu and ghusl). And till he removes them he can continue wiping on them instead of washing them during purification. In the case of removable band aid, bandage etc. which looks easy to take off and wash the injured part underneath it without harming or causing delay in healing the injury, then he may remove it (bandage/band aid) and wash the injured part underneath it and replace it. [This means he can wear again the same bandage/new band aid after washing that part when making wudhu or ghusl]. If it is not possible to wash the injured part, then he may wipe on that part (ie; underneath the removable bandage/band aid) with little water/wet hands instead of washing it when making wudhu or ghusl. Conditions required for wiping on the plaster/bandage/band aid: It is permissible to wipe on a plaster (cast)/bandage/band aid only if he is in a position that he badly needs it. For example: In order to get his injury healed or cured quickly, he needs to wear any of these things (ie; plaster/ bandage/ band aid) for some period and he cannot remove it till the injury heals, then it is allowed for him to wipe over it. So it is permissible to wipe on plaster, bandage and band aid. From all the chapters so far we have done in detail in the Fiqh such as tahaarah, wudhu, wiping on the shoes/socks plaster/bandage, tayammum etc. which are needed to perform Salah, we understand the importance of Salaah (Prayer) in the religion of Allah Subhanahu wa Ta ala. You need to perform Salaat in any conditions. 3
Kayfiyatul Mash Alayhaa (How to wipe over them): When he makes wudhu and reaches that part which has one of these things (ie; plaster/bandage/band aid), then he should wipe on that covering and wash the area around it. He needs to wipe on that part which has a covering as he is enjoined to wash or cleanse that part when making wudhu. An example for this: DON T WIPE WIPE ^ WASH If one has a plaster on his leg and if it is exceeding above his ankles, he doesn t need to wipe that part which is above the ankles (means he needs to do wiping only till the ankles). So when you make a normal wudhu you need to wash all the parts which should be washed, but when you reach that part which has a plaster/ 4
bandage/ band aid (which is not removable), then you need to wipe over them. For example: If you have an injury in your arm and you are wearing a plaster on it (means on the part which you are enjoined to wash when making wudhu ), you need to wash all the other parts normally and when you reach your injured arm with plaster on it, you need to wash the area around it (if it is to be washed when making wudhu ) and wipe over the covering/plaster instead of washing that part. If the plaster is exceeding above the part which is not prescribed to wash when making wudhu, then you don t need to wipe on that part. You need to wipe on the plaster or bandage only if you are wearing it on the parts that should be washed/cleansed when making wudhu. Rulings on wiping over hijaab- [This is not included in the chapter. Our teacher just explained it] Q) Can a woman wipe over her hijaab when making wudhu because she cannot take off her hijab due to the presence of non-mahram men at her workplace? A shaykh replied: If she is working with non-mahram men, then she cannot even show her hands in front of them. Anyway it is not recommended to wipe over the hijaab because it is removable and not fixed like plasters. Also it is not difficult as you have to just wipe your forehead and not wash. Shaykh Ibn Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) was asked: Is it permissible for a woman to wipe over her khimaar? Whatever the case, if there is some difficulty, either because the weather is too cold or because it is difficult to take it off and put it on again, then there is nothing wrong with wiping in such cases, otherwise it is better not to do that. [End quote. Fataawa al-tahaarah, p. 171] There is a difference of opinion among the scholars. WAllahu A lam 5
Next chapter >>> At-Tayammum (Dry Ablution) http://alhudasisters.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/fiqh3.pdf - Page 43 Definition of Tayammum- Tayamum literally means to head towards something. Al-Ma ani Ash-Shar ee: Islamically means: To wipe the face and hands with pure earth (soil/sand) with the intention of purification. 6
So tayammum means: (3 things to remember) 1. Wiping the face and hands 2. With pure soil/sand 3. With intention for purification (in order to pray). (Same like wudhu you need to have the intention for tahaarah when doing tayammum) Hukmuhu/Rulings: Hukum at-tayammum- Tayammum is allowed in two cases: Shortage of water Inability to use water Fear of harm as a result of using it due to sickness or extreme cold (freezing) weather conditions) This means if water is not available or if a person is ill / hospitalized or he fears that he might be harmed if he used water, then he is allowed to do tayammum. 7
Al-Adillah ala Mashru iyyah at-tayammum (Evidences for the permissibility of making Tayammum) - 1. Allah Subhanahu wa Ta ala says: and you find no water, then perform Tayammum with clean earth and rub therewith your faces and hands [Surat Al-Maa idah, 5:6] 2. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: The earth has been made a place of prayer and a means of purification for me... (Narrated by al-bukhaari, al-tayammum, 323) This means you can pray anywhere on the earth (clean place) as Allah has made it a masjid (ie; a place of prayer) and anything on the earth can be used for purification. 3. The scholars have unanimously agreed that it is allowed to make Tayammum. Al-Hikmah min at-tayammum (The wisdom/reason for making Tayammum)- 8
1. At-Tayammum is specially for Ummat Muhammad [Nation of Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)] Tayammum was not prescribed for the previous nations such as Jews/Christians. Allah has allowed us to make Tayammum in order to make it easy for him if we cannot find water or we cannot use it (due to some difficulties). Islam doesn t want to burden us with anything. For ex: If we cannot pray standing, it is allowed for us to sit. If we cannot pray sitting, then it is allowed for us to lie down. If we cannot make wudhu, it is allowed for us to wipe. If we cannot wipe, then it is allowed for us to make Tayammum. So everything is made easy for us. SubhanAllah!!! 2. To avert any harm that we might experience as a result of using water in some conditions such as in sickness or in extreme cold (freezing) weather conditions. 3. In order to keep us constantly in connection with worship all the time. We cannot keep us disconnected with worship even if we have no water. 9
So one of the hikmah for allowing to do Tayammum is in order to keep us continuously connected with Allah (through worship) even if we couldn t make wudhu due to the shortage of water for the purpose of performing Salaat. Every act of purifications before every Salaat keeps us continuously connected with Allah Subhanahu wa Ta ala. It is not like no water, no prayer for us. In any conditions if it is impossible for us to make wudhu, for ex: if there is no water or even sand or even if we are in the Moon, we need to pray, SubhanAllah!! To that extent SALAAT (PRAYER) is important for us! We are learning the details of all the types of purifications such as wudhu, tayammum etc. in order to purify ourselves before performing the Salaat. A mu min (believer) is always in a state of purity because he makes wudhu /tayammum every time before Salaat and before sleeping. Whenever we are making wudhu or sleeping in the state of wudhu, there is an Angel making du a for us. That s why we need to try to renew our wudhu all the time as it gives us the title of mu min. Al-Haalaat al-lathee yusharra feeha at-tayammum (Cases in which making Tayyammum is allowed): 10
1. When one cannot find water- If there is no water, then we need to search for it, if it is easy for us to reach any places around where there are dwellers in any stations or houses. If we couldn t find any water after searching, then we can make tayammum. This means we cannot straight away make tayammum if we don t find water. We need to search for the water if it is easy for us to get in any stations in the area around us. 2. When one is unable to use water though it is available. For example: A person who is sick An old person who cannot move and he has nobody to help him 3. When one fears harm as a result of using water. Cases for example: A sick person who fears that his sickness might increase if water is used. 11
A person living in an extreme cold (freezing) condition and he doesn t have any means to heat the water (no fire or in a desert). He is in a far-off place (not possible to reach out anywhere to bring water) and has only very little quantity of water with him which he has to use for drinking or cooking food (means he has water only for his basic needs). These are the three cases a person fears he might be harmed if he use the water. So in all these cases tayammum is allowed. Siffat-it-Tayammum (How to make Tayammum) 12
1. Strike the soil/sand (ground) once with the (palms of the) hands 2. Then blow off the excess dust/sand 3. Wipe over the face once 4. Then wipe above the hands. Wipe above (outside /back of) the right hand with the palm of the left And (wipe) above (outside/back of) the left hand with the palm of the right Evidence from the hadith: Narrated 'Ammar: The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) stroked the earth with his hands and then passed them over his face and the backs of his hands (while demonstrating Tayammum). [Bukhaari and Muslim] To be continued next week inshaallah. 13