English 11 Honors: November 9 & 10, 2016
Agenda - 11/9/2016 Quarter 1 Grade Sheets Informational Q2 Late Passes & IR Weekly Assignment Dates Collect Patrick Henry Speech Packet Patrick Henry/Literary Term Quiz Quarter 1 Reflection/Vocab.com (Ch. 16 & 17) Reason and Revolution Guided Notes Benjamin Franklin Pursuit of Moral Perfection Aphorisms Ben Franklin s Poor Richard s Almanac Homework: Create two aphorisms and finish Ch. 16 & 17 on Vocab.com Due 11/11!
Q2 - IR Weekly Assignment Due Dates Book Approval November 15 &16 Week 1: November 21 & 22 Week 2: November 30 & December 1 Week 3: December 8 & 9 Week 4: December 14 & 15 Final Project: January 5 & 6
Reason and Revolution Unit Objectives In this unit, students will examine some of the historical documents that helped shape the nation with an emphasis on the rhetorical skills of Revolutionary Era writers and speakers. Students will be asked not only to identify elements of rhetoric within the documents, but also to evaluate the effectiveness of these elements to better understand the colonial voices that, in the course of time and under the pressure of novel ideas and events, contributed to the American Revolution. Essential Questions What historical people and items influenced the literature of this period? What was the purpose of writing during the American Revolution? How do writers of non-fiction texts use examples, evidence, and other rhetorical strategies to convince a reader of their claim? Why was defining an American so important to Americans during this time period?
Themes found during the Reason and Revolution time period (1750-1810) or the literary movement of Classicism: Reason is the dominating characteristic of nature and human nature Classicism values CLARITY BALANCE ORDER REASON Simplicity, reason, and common sense valued over imagination
Reason and Revolution Time Period: Language is the source of growing American power: o o o o Most literature in America in the 18th century was political: newspapers, pamphlets, broadsides, essays, letters. Themes: free thought; human potential; power of the mind to shape own destiny; power of language to express that destiny Subjects: liberty, government, law, reason, individual and national freedom Prose: writing is predominately informative and political; reflecting the rationalism of the age. Travel literature and scientific works on a large scale Drama: religious opposition to drama so stubborn in America that plays were not legally presented in Philadelphia until 1787 and in Boston until 1791. Novel: objections to frivolous or immoral fiction colored the earliest novels which were heavily didactic.
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) Printer/Publisher/Author: Autobiography Poor Richard s Almanac every year for 25 years Pennsylvania Gazette scientific essays printed money for Congress Scientist: lightening experimentation, static electricity, a variety of other studies. Inventor: bi-focal lenses; glass harmonica; Franklin Stove; lightening rod.
Franklin Stove During Franklin's time in colonial America, the severe winters would make it extremely cold in people's houses. Not only was this a result of poor insulation, but homes back then were built purely of wood. Many colonists counteracted this problem of cold spells by building open fires inside. Indeed, this was tremendously dangerous and harmful to the welfare of both families and their dwellings. Franklin rectified this unsafe method of heating by inventing the iron furnace stove, also know as the Franklin Stove. The appliance allowed people to warm their homes less dangerously and with less wood.
Franklin's Glass Harmonica
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) Politician: Committee to draft the Declaration of Independence Delegate to the Continental Congress Committee to draft the Constitution President of Pennsylvania Ambassador to France First Post Master General Merchant: retired at age 40 a millionaire.
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) Philanthropist: Helped establish he first public hospital: Pennsylvania Hospital Helped establish the public education system network of schools evolve to become the University of Pennsylvania Helped establish the first public library Established first all-volunteer fire brigade Union Fire Co. Established first fire insurance company Philadelphia Contributionship Established the Franklin Fund loans given to selected apprentices in the cities of Philadelphia and Boston Fund expired in 1990 as per his will Never patented his inventions
Fire Department: In 1736, Benjamin Franklin started the first fire department ever. Located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, it was called the Union Fire Company. FIRE SEAL The following picture is that of a fire seal. Its purpose was to indicate which homes had fire insurance
Interesting Fact In his will, Franklin bequeathed $1,000 lbs sterling, roughly $4,000 (the salary he received as President of Pennsylvania), to the Commonwealths of Pennsylvania and Massachusetts. The purpose of these funds was to supply the artisans of the cities of Philadelphia and Boston with low interest loans so that they might pursue the mastering of their trade without incurring great financial burden. He instructed that this be invested for two hundred years and at the end of that period, the funds were to be dissolved and the money should be used to do good. Franklin died in 1790. In 1990, his gift to Philadelphia had grown to over $2 million while Boston's portion stood at $458,846.
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) Theology: The most acceptable service to God is doing good to man. For Franklin, the act of worship was carried out most sincerely when I was directed toward the betterment of man in his practical, everyday human relationship. Adopted the Puritan teachings of the 13 Virtues for their practical usefulness.
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) Franklin was a Deist. The tenants of Deism: o There exists a Supreme Power (a benevolent God) o The Supreme Power must be worshipped o Rejection of the miraculous and mystic o All vices and crimes should be expiated and effaced by repentance o God is a clockmaker: He creates man, winds him up, and lets him go without any intervention for man is master of his own fate.
Moral Perfection "It was about this time I conceiv'd the bold and difficult project of arriving at moral perfection. I wish'd to live without committing any fault at any time;...
Aphorisms a terse saying embodying a general truth, or astute observation Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Don t cry over spilled milk. A penny saved is a penny earned.
Chiasmus the figure of speech in which two or more clauses are related to each other through a reversal of structures in order to make a larger point; that is, the clauses display inverted parallelism. "You forget what you want to remember, and you remember what you want to forget." (Cormac McCarthy, The Road, 2006) "In the end, the true test is not the speeches a president delivers; it s whether the president delivers on the speeches." (Hillary Clinton, March 2008) "I had a teacher I liked who used to say good fiction's job was to comfort the disturbed and disturb the comfortable." (David Foster Wallace) "I flee who chases me, and chase who flees me." (Ovid) "Fair is foul, and foul is fair." (William Shakespeare, Macbeth I.i)
Litotes ironical understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary (double negative) EXAMPLE: You won't be sorry (meaning you'll be glad)
Pursuit of Moral Perfection As you read/annotate, look for the following: Point of View Rhetorical Devices (Lit Terms) Ethos, Pathos, Logos All of the ones from your notes! Anecdotes (a short account of a real incident or person, often humorous or interesting) Juxtaposition (comparing one thing to another) Diction Tone and tonal change throughout At the end of the excerpt answer the following questions: How does his tone change at the end of the piece? Ultimately, what does Franklin learn by doing this experiment?
Original Aphorisms Ben Franklin was very well known for his aphorisms, as we saw in his piece Moral Perfection. It is your task to create your own unique and original aphorisms. Your parents and teachers have probably told you many aphorisms in your lifetime, but those are not unique. You need to create two of your own. You will then decorate these aphorisms and it will displayed in the room. They will be worth 20 pts. each (That s 40 pts!). You will also need a short explanation on the back of your aphorism. Make sure this explanation is correct in grammar and spelling and that it adequately explains what your aphorism means.
Aphorism Rubric Aesthetics creative and neat 5 4 3 2 1 Paragraph on back explanation and grammar 5 4 3 2 1 Originality 5 4 3 2 1 Tersely worded and easy to remember 5 4 3 2 1 TOTAL: /20 x 2