Vocabulary Ch 10/Sacraments pope - vicar of Christ; represents Christ; pope means papa ; leader of Catholic church bishop representative of the apostles; teach and govern the Church, in union with the pope cardinal- bishops and priests that are advisors to the pope Magisterium- teaching authority of the church; the pope & the bishops in union w/ him Sacred Scripture word of God; bible sacred tradition the word of God through oral tradition, passed down throughout the ages infalilble without error; pope can speak infallibly when talking about faith and morals
sacrament-an outward sign that affects grace ex operate from the work worked precepts laws of the church; there are 5 basic precepts every Catholic must follow Baptism gives our souls the new life of Sanctifying Grace Eucharist- Jesus body and blood Confirmation believers are welcomed into being a full member of the church through the Holy Spirit Reconciliation- confession; sins are forgiven by Jesus through a priest; granted absoulution
Anointing of the Sick- Sacrament of Extreme Unction/Last Rites; grants health and spiritual healing to the ill Holy Orders- men receive the power and grace to perform the sacred duties of a priest Matrimony- marriage; baptized man and woman bind themselves for life together Transubstantiation complete change of substance from bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ vocation - life calling; not a job vow solemn promise absolution complete forgiveness for one s sins
The Four Marks of the Church What does Catholic Church mean? One : Unified in faith/teaching; one pope Holy: Christ offered holy sacrifice and works through the sacraments Catholic: The Church is all over the world and throughout time ( catholic means all Universal) Apostolic: Founded upon the teachings of the Apostles, as taught by Christ
The Church Mt 16:13-20: Jesus founded the Church Church is feminine = use her Jesus chose Peter to be her head and to have her keys Master gives his keys to a steward, making the steward His representative, bearing His authority until His return Jn 21:14-19: Jesus commands Peter to care for his flock, us (the Church)
First Pope Jesus is the head of the Church The Pope, starting with Peter, is His representative until He returns The Holy Spirit guides the Church Jesus works through the Church in her sacraments Vicar of Christ Another title for the Pope Pope comes from the word Papa, which comes from abba, which is Hebrew for father Pope is also the Bishop of Rome, Italy
Representatives Pope = Representative of Christ Oversee the bishops; the leader Bishops = Representatives of the Apostles Teach, sanctify, and govern the Church, in union with the Pope Priests = Helpers of the bishops
Hierarchy of the Church Pope Vicar of Christ; head of the Church Cardinal Bishops & priests that have a special service to the Church; appointed by the Pope; work in the Vatican or a very large diocese; choose and elect the Holy Father Bishop - direct successors of the apostles; shepherd a diocese; preach, teach, administer the sacraments; assign priests to the parishes Priest work in parishes, preach, teach, minister to sacraments; bring Jesus into the lives of the laity» Deacon serve the laity & assist the priests Laity (us) serve God in the world; called to holiness in their daily lives
Magisterium Magisterium the teaching Church; the pope & the bishops in union with him Responsible for interpreting and correctly passing on Sacred Scripture and sacred tradition Sacred Scripture the word of God; what is written in the Bible EX: Mom leaves written directions on how to clean room. sacred tradition the word of God through oral tradition and doctrine throughout the ages; what is passed down and not explicitly written in the Bible EX: Mom tells you to clean room, but does not leave written directions.
Papal Infallibility Infallible means without error Pope is infallible when speaking for the Church about faith and morals only Meaning, if the Pope gives you lottery numbers, he is fallible meaning, he could be wrong Only when speaking as Christ s representative about morals and faith is the pope infallible
How does the Pope teach? 1. Encyclicals 2. Letters 3. Declarations 4. Speeches How does the Bishop teach? 1. Pastoral Letters
Sacraments Sacrament an outward sign that affects grace EX: Ashes on our forehead on Ash Wednesday is an outward sign of our faith Bring us closer to achieving the dream of heaven Through the sacraments, the Church sanctifies (purifies, renews) her members The Church determines what is required to receive each sacrament EX: Church determines when we receive our first Eucharist/when we are prepared
Ex Operato Ex operato means from the work worked Every sacrament works ex operato, meaning that the sacrament is effective because the minister is NOT just a man that day; he is the representative of Christ, so Christ is ministering that sacrament EX: It is not the PRIEST uniting a couple in matrimony; it is GOD working through that priest The amount of grace received in the sacrament is determined by our internal disposition So, if one is not eligible to receive the Eucharist because of a mortal sin, one will not receive grace the same way an eligible soul would
Precepts of the Church (p. 52) precepts laws of the church 1. Attend mass on Sundays & days of obligation 2. Confess your sins at least once a year to prepare to receive the Eucharist 3. Receive the Eucharist at the very least during the Easter season 4. Observe days of fasting and abstinence/do penance 5. Help to provide for the needs of the church
Seven Sacraments Initiation 1. Baptism 2. Eucharist 3. Confirmation Vocation 1. Matrimony 2. Holy Orders Healing 1. Anointing of the Sick 2. Reconciliation
Types of Sacraments (3) Sacraments of Initiation bring members into the church; all members must complete Sacraments of Vocation help to establish one s vocation, or purpose; most members will complete, but not all Sacraments of Healing healing sacraments; some members will complete, but not all
Baptism Baptism gives our souls the new life of Sanctifying Grace, by which we become children of God and heirs of heaven Takes away all our sins, including original sin, the sin we are born with because of Adam & Eve (the fall) We receive an indelible mark, which is an invisible, permanent mark on our foreheads that reminds the world that we are God s children The sacrament in which we are welcomed into the church; the first sacrament Can be given at any age, but usually we are babies Called a 2 nd birth because we are given new life
Eucharist Holy Eucharist Jesus body and blood Eucharist means of Christ (body & blood) Instituted by Jesus at the Last Supper Sacrament and a sacrifice; received weekly Jesus is contained whole and entire in Every single particle of the consecrated host (his body) Every single drop of His Precious Blood (his blood) Who can administer the Eucharist? Only priests can consecrate the bread and wine in the transubstantiation Transubstantiation the complete change of substance from bread and wine into the body and blood of Jesus In extreme circumstances, deacons and extraordinary ministers may distribute the Holy Eucharist
Confirmation Confirmation sacrament by which believers are welcomed into being a full member of the church through the Holy Spirit increases sanctifying grace, gives sacramental grace, and imprints a lasting character on the soul helps us to live our faith loyally & profess it courageously Chrism = symbolizes strength; blessed by the bishop on Holy Thursday Usually administered during teenage years Individual chooses a confirmation sponsor to help them and, usually, a confirmation saint with whom to model themselves after Who administers Confirmation? Usually, the Bishop Lays his hands upon individual s head, anoints with sacred chrism (holy oil) in the shape of a cross Says essential words of prayer: I sign you with the sign of the cross and I confirm you with the chrism of salvation, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
Matrimony Matrimony the sacrament by which a baptized man and a baptized woman bind themselves for life in a lawful marriage and receive the grace to discharge their duties, until death Between three individuals: man, woman, and God Marriage cannot be ended by any human authority, because even if man & woman give up, God does not Duties of marriage are to be faithful to each other and to provide for the welfare of any children God may give them Children are the greatest natural gift God gives to married couples Every true marriage must have unity and indissolubility, which is commitment Is the building block of our church; man without marriage, we would have NO church! GOD matrimony woman
Holy Orders Holy Orders sacrament through which men receive the power and grace to perform the sacred duties of a priest One type of vocation, or calling from God Given to priests, bishops, religious brothers, monks (in different ceremonies/ways) What happens? Individuals make public promises to God, called vows Individuals are anointed with chrism Who administers Holy Orders? The bishop
What are their duties? Priests Can: Say mass Hear confessions Administer sacraments of Baptism, Eucharist, Anointing of the Sick, Matrimony, Reconciliation Consecrate Holy Eucharist Lead parishes/shepherd flock Give blessings Cannot: Be married Deacons Can: Assist mass/priests Administer sacraments of Baptism and Matrimony Distribute Holy Eucharist Be married Give blessings Read the Gospel during mass Give the homily Cannot: Hear confessions Consecrate Holy Eucharist Say mass
Reconciliation Reconciliation sacrament by which sins committed after Baptism are forgiven through the absolution of a priest (priest = rep. of God) absolution forgiveness of sins We must be sorry for our sins in order for them to be forgiven, and pledge to not do them again Sacrament gives us Sanctifying Grace, which helps us reach heaven Steps to a Good Confession: 1. Examine one s conscience (What have I done wrong?) 2. List/remember sins 3. Confess to priest 4. If appropriate, priest gives absolution 5. Say the Act of Contrition 6. Perform the penance the priest assigns as soon as possible
Act of Contrition My God, I am sorry for my sins with all my heart. In choosing to do wrong and failing to do good. I have sinned against you whom I should love above all things. I firmly intend, with your help, to do penance, to sin no more, and to avoid whatever leads me to sin. Our Savior Jesus Christ suffered and died for us. In His name, my God, have mercy. Amen.
Anointing of the Sick Anointing of the Sick: the sacrament which God, through a priest, gives health and strength to the soul and sometimes the body when we are sick or in danger of death If conscious, the person receives three sacraments in this one: 1. Confession 2. Anointing of the Sick 3. Holy Eucharist Also called the Sacrament of Extreme Unction Through prayer, the person s soul receives healing and strength; purpose is to remind the sick person that he is NOT alone in his suffering, but with God Any time one is sick, one can receive the sacrament not just when one is dying (it is NOT last rites ) If a person dies suddenly, before the priest arrives, the priest CAN give absolution and the Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick
What does a priest wear? ALB CINTURE CASSOCK CHASUBLE STOLE COPE
What does a bishop wear? CASSOCK CROSIER CHASUBLE RING BIRETTA
What does a bishop wear? (cont.) ZUCCHETTO MITRE COPE PECTORAL CROSS