Surah Ar-Rahman (Ayah 31-36) Class 7 - April 13, 2013 [This is a transcript of a lecture given by Sister Eman al Obaid. We ask Allah subhana wa ta ala for His forgiveness and His Mercy. Anything that is good from these notes is from Allah subhana wa ta ala. Any mistakes & misrepresentations are my own. I ask Allah subhana wa ta ala for His forgiveness and to put forgiveness in the hearts of those who read them. JazakAllah Khairan.]
Surah Ar-Rahman (Ayah 31-36) Class 7 - April 13, 2013 Introduction In this life our existence is because of Allah s Rahmah. Surah Ar- Rahman from beginning till the end is about االجلالل وواالا كراامم.ذذوو In Surah Ar- Rahman we are told that nothing will remain except the Owner of The Honor and Majesty. Therefore if we want honor we need to seek from ذذوو االجلالل وواالا كراامم and the only one we need to magnify is Allah. Knowing this is important for our attachment to Allah. We need to magnify and honor Allah. Also knowing ذذوو االجلالل وواالا كراامم tells us that Allah will honor whomever He wills and He will put down whom ever he wills. The Ayat in the Quran are signs of Allah. The Ayah studied in the previous class tells us that everyone is asking Allah and He is disposing the affairs of a person as he needs. Here we see relation between Allah and his servants. Everyone in his creation is asking him and Allah is disposing of his or her affairs. Therefore we need to attach to Allah and ask him and Allah will dispose of our affairs as it suits us. The whole of Quran is telling us to attach ourselves to Allah. Infact if we observe the whole universe is telling us to attach ourselves to Allah. (26-32 (Ayah ممننن لطططططاىىففف االننعممم Ayah 31 1
In this Ayah there is a warning from Allah. Surah Rahman is full of mercy so even the warnings mentioned in this Surah are surrounded and covered with mercy. In the beginning of the Surah Allah mentions his bounties and blessings yet people reject Allah s signs so here Allah is warning those people who are not attaching themselves to Allah. In this life when people commit a sin, will Allah punish them at the same time? No. Infact Allah will bring them to guidance in different ways. Allah wants us to be reformed, as Allah wants us to live in Paradise. Allah will afflict them so they return to Him but still if people do not repent then there will come a day when Allah will account them for all they did in this life. When people oppress others in this life we should not think that Allah let them opress. Allah will give them respite but he will not neglect anyone. Sometimes when people exceed their limits they think why Allah is not punishing them? This is because Allah is giving them time. It is not for us to judge as Allah is aware of all that we are doing. Whatever we do in this life, Allah will not neglect us. There will come a time when Allah will call everyone to accounts. In this life Allah gives us time to reform. Allah does not like disobedience and disbelief so he gives us time to reform ourselves and return to him. Nothing can occupy Allah or keep him busy. Here we see a warning that whatever we do in our lives Allah will call us for accounts. you means We will attend to س ن ف ر غغ ل ك م you means both of ا أ يی هھ which means having weight or heavy or burden. Who ث ق ل This is dual. Singular for this is ٱٱلث ق لا نن is the one having weight? Here the description of human and Jinn is mentioned and they are described as On the Day of Judgment Allah will call only humans and jinn for their accounts. That is why Allah ث ق لا نن. ث ق لا نن describes them as? ث ق لا نن Now we will see why the human and the Jinn are called 1. Weight on the Earth: The human being and the Jinn are living on the earth and they are having a weight. Therefore there presence is like weight on earth. 2. Sins: The human being and Jinn are full of sins. They disobey by: 2
a. Not doing what is obligatory b. Doing what is haram/sin c. Not being able to give thanks to Allah for all his blessing Because of the above we need purification throughout our lives. We are made of clay /sand and we are full of faults. No one in this life is perfect. Our imperfection is also a blessing from Allah. This is because if we are perfect then there is no challenge. Also if everybody is perfect in this life then it will make us arrogant. In the life, the blessing is mixed with hardship; in order to reach to some goal there is hardship. Even in our worship we cannot be perfect. This is good for us as our life in this Duniya is temporary. Alhumdulillah we have a Lord who is generous as whatever little we do, Allah will perfect it for us. Allah will perfect the deeds for the Muttaqeen / Museneen. Sometimes we have faults and we want to overcome it and yet despite trying we are unable to overcome it. Allah will reward us for our struggle even if we are not successful in overcoming our faults. 3. Responsibility we are carrying: Our religion is our responsibility that we are carrying. If we carry it well it will lead us to Paradise and if we fail we will end up in hell. We will be accountable for how we carry this responsibility. On the Day of Judgment the kafireen will realize their loss. The Sahaba said the more they know about Allah they more they feel they have a big responsibility. Allah offered the skies, mountains and the earth to carry this responsibility but who accepted to carry the Amanah? It was the human being. 3
Surah Ar- Rahman (Ayah 31-36) Impact of knowing the above: The impact of knowing the above Ayah is that we will always ask for forgiveness from Allah. The sins make a person very heavy. When we do good deeds and we have no sins then we will fly. This is why the heaven is high above and hell is lower. Ayah 32 After the warning Allah tells us which of Allah s blessing you both deny? Surah Ar- Rahman is about Allah s blessing. How is warning a blessing of Allah? This is because every warning from Allah is benefitting us. If we are a good doer then the warning will tell us to increase in our faith and to not rely on our deed, on our taqwa or deeds. We need to increase our good deeds and faith. As long as we are in the life our objective should be to increase our faith. For the sinner the warning will tell him that still he has time to repent and ask forgiveness from Allah because one day Allah will call him for accounts. ﺗﺤﺣﺪﺩد ﻮﻭو ﺍاﻋﺠﺟﺎﺯز (Ayah 33-37) Ayah 33 4
Here is another warning. Allah is addressing the groups of Ins and Jinn and is challenging them. Groups means يی م ع ش ر Jinn means ٱٱل ج ن نس humans means وو ٱٱلا able means if you have the ability/ are ا إ نن ٱٱس ت ط ع ت م penetrate means escape or ا أ نن ت نف ذ وواا diameter means م ن ا أ ق ط ارر skies means ٱٱل سم و ٲتت earth means وو ٱٱلا رر ضض means then penetrate or pass. This is a command that if you can; you penetrate, pass or ف ٱنف ذ وواا escape. Here Allah is challenging the Jinn and human beings that if you are able then you escape, penetrate or pass. Here Allah precedes the Jinn before the humans because the Jinn can go anywhere. Here Allah is telling us even those Jinn cannot escape from Allah. This is the weakness, disabilities of the Jinn and the human being. We need to know about both the things i.e. our weakness and the greatness of Allah at the same time. No one can escape as everything is under Allah s control. cannot means لا means exit ت نف ذ وونن means except ا إ لا 5
means Authority. The meaning comprises of 3 things. It means someone who has the ب س ل ط ن following: 1. Power 2. Control 3. Ability Here the Ayah is telling that if Jinn and the Human being have س ل ط ن they can escape and if they don t then they cannot. We will get the above three from Allah Allah put this condition that no one can penetrate or go beyond the seventh heaven except whom Allah gives the Authority. Allah gave this Authority to the following: 1. Prophet SAW 2. All the Messengers 3. Angels 4. Soul as the good soul will go to the seventh heaven when the good doer dies. This Ayah can be said in two places; 1. Duniya: No one cannot penetrate from this universe where Allah cannot see him. No one escape from Allah. One person asked a scholar for permission to commit a sin. The scholar told him to go to a place where Allah cannot see him and asked him to not eat from Allah s provision. 2. Day of Judgment: When Allah gathers those who are نن.ث ق لا Can anyone from the Jinn or the human being escape from the accounts? On the Day of Resurrection no one can escape or hide. Impact of knowing the above: Knowing that we cannot escape from Allah will always makes us to a account ourselves. When we know we cannot hide from Allah then this will make us to be more afraid from Allah. 6
Ayah 34 So which of Allah s blessing you both deny? Now what is the connection of this Ayah with the previous Ayah. Where is the blessing in knowing that we cannot escape from Allah in Duniya or Hereafter. This is infact a blessing, as this will help us account ourselves. This will instill fear in us. Also in the other way if someone is oppressed or wronged then this Ayah consoles us as they cannot escape from Allah and he will call them to accounts. Therefore we should enjoy our life, as each moment that will pass will not come back. We can enjoy our life by being a servant of Allah. Ayah 35 7
Still there are people who transgress like Firoun who said I am your lord. He was so proud of himself that he told Haman to build a tower for him so he can climb on that tower to look at Allah. When human beings are arrogant they are worst of the worst. They think they can compete will Allah. In this Ayah there is a warning from Allah that. means it will be sent. This is in passive form. If the jinn and the human beings are try to escape يی ر س ل and try to get out from Allah s control then it will be sent against you What will be sent against the Jinn and the human? means upon you ع ل يی ك م ا flame means smokeless ش و ااظظ from means من fire means ن ارر copper means and molten وو ن ح اسس cannot means then you ف لا together) means defend each other (Jinn and human both ت نت ص ر اانن In the life no one can defend you or provide for you except whomever Allah allows. When one is in a difficult situation no one can help except Allah s Rahmah. Ayah 36 So which of Allah s blessing you both deny?. The warning mentioned in the above Ayah is a blessing of Allah both for the sinner and the believer. For the sinner to help him come out from darkness to light and for the good doer to help improves him so as to go to Firdous. 8