Syllabus for OT 505: Christ in the Old Testament

OT 505 Syllabus: 1 Syllabus for OT 505: Christ in the Old Testament Winter Session, 9:00AM 12:30PM Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, January 4-22, 2010 Tuesday, January 19; Final Exam on January 27 (most students at 1:15-4:15; those who have a conflict, at other times during day) (perhaps Thursday, January 21, 2010, as a potential make-up class day) Instructor: Gordon Hugenberger General Comments: This course offers a survey of selected Old Testament messianic prophecies, as well as selected messianic types, particularly those which are identified by the New Testament as predictive of, or fulfilled in Christ. The emphasis of the course will be on the interpretation of these texts and types as understood within their Old Testament context. Among the topics to be considered will be many of the following (to be determined according to the available time): Genesis 3, 9, 12, 15, 22, 49; Exodus 17; Leviticus 16, with an introduction to the Old Testament sacrificial system; Numbers 24; Deuteronomy 18; Judges 13-16; 1 Samuel 17; 2 Samuel 7, 12-18; 24; Psalm 8, 16, 22, 69, 110; Isaiah 7, 9, 11, 53; Micah 5; Daniel 2, 7, 9; Jonah; Zechariah 3, 6; and Malachi. This course is an English Bible course which is designed to meet the Old Testament core requirement for the MA programs. Students who have had Greek are urged to consider NT 693, The Old Testament in the New, which utilizes the Biblical languages, is more comprehensive in its coverage of the interrelationship of the Testaments (rather than being limited to Messianic prophecies), and is more attentive to the NT contexts of relevant passages. N.B.: Because of a degree of unavoidable overlap in subject matter (perhaps as much as a third), this course may not be ideal for students who have taken Prof. Hugenberger s OT 501, Theology of the Pentateuch. Textbooks: You are required to read 43 chapters from the Old Testament (NIV or ESV are recommended, but any translation of your choice is permitted). These chapters are listed on the Reading Report. In addition, you are required to read and report on 950 pages of secondary source material, as follows: 1) W.C. Kaiser, Jr., The Messiah in the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1995) pp. 13-235. 2) Vern Sheridan Poythress, The Shadow of Christ in the Law of Moses (Brentwood, Tennessee: Wolgemuth & Hyatt, 1991 [reprint: Puritan and Reformed, Phillipsburg, NJ]), pp. 1-153 3) G.P. Hugenberger, The Servant of the Lord in the Servant Songs of Isaiah, in Philip E. Satterthwaite, Richard S. Hess, and Gordon J. Wenham, eds. The Lord s Anointed: Interpretation of Old Testament Messianic Texts (Carlisle: Paternoster; Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1995), pp. 105-140. This paper is available for download at <http://www.parkstreet.org/pastors_pen> 4) G.P. Hugenberger, Introductory Notes on Typology in Gregory K. Beale, ed., The Right Doctrine from the Wrong Texts? Essays on the Use of the Old Testament in the New (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1994) pp. 331-341 5) READ all the above BEFORE the Final Exam. You are also required to read 527 pages to be chosen according to your preference from the following works (I will make recommendations in class): T. Desmond Alexander, Royal Expectations in Genesis to Kings: Their Importance for Biblical Theology, Tyndale Bulletin 49:2 (1998) 191-212

OT 505 Syllabus: 2, The Servant King. The Bible s Portrait of the Messiah (Vancouver, BC: Regent College Publishing, 1998) Gregory K. Beale, ed., The Right Doctrine from the Wrong Texts? Essays on the Use of the Old Testament in the New (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1994), Did Jesus and the Apostles Preach the Right Doctrine from the Wrong Texts? Revisiting the Debate Seventeen Years Later in the Light of Peter Enns Book, Inspiration and Incarnation, Themelios 32:1 (2006) James H. Charlesworth, ed., The Messiah. Developments in Earliest Judaism and Christianity, The First Princeton Symposium on Judaism and Christian Origins (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 1992) Edmund P. Clowney, The Unfolding Mystery. Discovering Christ in the Old Testament (Colorado Springs, CO: NavPress, 1988) John J. Collins, The Scepter and the Star: The Messiahs of the Dead Sea Scrolls and other Ancient Literature, Anchor Bible Reference Library (New York, NY: Doubleday, 1995) Craig A. Evans, Appendix Six: Messianic Claimants of the First and Second Centuries, in Ancient Texts for New Testament Studies. A Guide to the Background Literature (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2005) 431-443 Joseph A. Fitzmyer, The One Who is to Come (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007) Gerard Van Groningen, Messianic Revelation in the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1990) E.W. Hengstenberg, Christology of the Old Testament, 2 vols. (McLean, VA: MacDonald, n.d. [reprint of the 1854 edition]) this is the classic work on OT Christology Richard S. Hess and M. Daniel Carroll R., eds., Israel s Messiah in the Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 2003) L.D. Hurst, Did Qumran Expect Two Messiahs?, Bulletin for Biblical Research 9 (1999) 157-180 Marinus de Jonge, Messiah, in The Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. David Noel Freedman (New York: Doubleday, 1992) 777-788 Walter C. Kaiser Jr., Toward an Old Testament Theology (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1978) Meredith G. Kline, The Exaltation of Christ, Kerux: A Journal of Biblical-Theological Preaching 12:3 (1997) 3-29 Meredith G. Kline, Kingdom Prologue (South Hamilton, MA: M. G. Kline, 1993; reprint by Two Age Press, 2000) [Do not read this for this course if you are planning to take Hugenberger s OT 501, Theology of the Pentateuch ] [This book can be downloaded for free at www.twoagepress.org/books.htm]. Tremper Longman III, Immanuel in Our Place: Seeing Christ in Israel's Worship, The Gospel According to the Old Testament (Phillipsburg, NJ: P & R Publishing, 2001) Michael A. Knibb, Eschatology and Messianism in the Dead Sea Scrolls, in The Dead Sea Scrolls after Fifty Years, 2 vols., ed. Peter W. Flint and James VanderKam (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1998) Stanley E. Porter, ed., The Messiah in the Old and New Testaments (McMaster New Testament Studies; Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007) Ellis Rivkin, The Meaning of Messiah in Jewish Thought, in Marc H. Tanenbaum, et al., eds., Evangelicals and Jews in Conversation on Scripture, Theology, and History (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1978) 54-75 Philip E. Satterthwaite, Richard S. Hess, and Gordon J. Wenham, eds. The Lord s Anointed: Interpretation of Old Testament Messianic Texts (Carlisle: Paternoster; Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1995) Emil Schürer, 29. Messianism, in The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, Vol. 2, ed. Emil Schürer and Fergus Millar Rev. and ed. by Geza Vermes, and Matthew Black (Edinburgh: T.&T. Clark, 1979) 488-554 James E. Smith, What The Bible Teaches About the Promised Messiah (Nashville: Nelson, 1993) Geerhardus Vos, edited by James T. Dennison Jr., The Eschatology of the Old Testament (Phillipsburg, NJ: P & R Publishing, 2001) Christopher J.H. Wright, Knowing Jesus Through the Old Testament. Rediscovering the Roots of Our Faith (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan and London: Marshall Pickering, 1992). Note that Tyndale House Library Catalogue is an excellent online resource for electronic books and bibliography in the field of biblical studies <www.tyncat.com>. Requirements, Testing, and Grading:

OT 505 Syllabus: 3 You will be graded on a 100-point scale as follows: 1) In preparation for each class period, excluding the first, you will be required to read before class an assigned portion of the English Bible as well as about 70 pages from the required secondary sources listed above. For the purpose of grading yourself, reading implies a substantial degree of comprehension and should not be equated with skimming. You need not, however, read every footnote. You will also be required to read some additional material after the Final Exam. You are to keep track of your success in this reading requirement by means of a daily entry in a Reading Report, which will be submitted, along with the abovementioned reading notes, on or before the last day permitted for written work (Tuesday, February 2, 2010). NOTE: your Reading Report must be mailed to me and postmarked on or before February 2, 2010. award yourself 1 pt. each day if your reading was completed on time; award yourself 1 / 2 pt. if the required reading was completed late 10 pts. When you submit your Reading Report, you must also submit approx. 2-3 pages of typed or legibly hand written reading notes for each book and 1 page of notes for each article and each ANE text. These notes need not be complete sentences. They should show me, however, that you read the material in a thoughtful way. In particular, they should 1) briefly summarize the major point(s) of the book or article; 2) list some exceptional insights with their page locations; and 3) list, again with page locations, any difficulties, weaknesses, or places where the author disagrees with material presented in the lectures. Inadequate quality in these reports will result in an appropriate deduction from the points awarded for this reading assignment. Written notes on the Bible reading are not required. 2) In-class participation of students (including, perhaps, written pop quizzes). Students will be informally graded on a daily basis by the instructor. Points will be awarded for: a) intelligent relevant questions, as well as answers, prompted by outside reading or by the lecture; b) accurate summaries of the content of previous lectures or reading material; c) insightful critiques of the readings or of Hugenberger. If there is no basis for assigning a grade for the in-class participation of a student, a grade may be given based on the average of other points earned by the student. 10 pts. 3) A Mid-Term Exam will be given on Wednesday, January 13, 2010 (short answers reflecting class lectures). NOTE: This is a closed book quiz. You are permitted, however, to have an English Bible (and/or Hebrew Bible), so long as it has no printed notes nor any handwritten notes. You will not be permitted to use a concordance. 30 pts. 4) A cumulative Final Exam will be given on Wednesday, January 27, 2010 (short answers reflecting all class lectures, especially those since the Mid-term exam, and all required reading; there will also be an essay question which will allow you to apply the things you have learned to one of several messianic prophecies which will be announced ahead of time, but on which there will have been no lectures). NOTE: This is a closed book quiz. You are permitted, however, to have an English Bible (and/or Hebrew Bible), so long as it has no printed notes, nor any handwritten notes. You will not be permitted to use a concordance. 50 pts. 5) Extra credit (up to 1 1 / 2 pts.) will be given to students for the following:

OT 505 Syllabus: 4 For students who enter this course without any knowledge of Hebrew, extra credit will be given for those who learn the Hebrew writing system (i.e. 1 pt. for the consonants and 1 pt. for the vowels, up to a maximum of 1 1 / 2 pts). To confirm this knowledge a brief test will be given with the Final Exam on Wednesday, January 27, 2010. Extra credit will be given for any student who indicates on the Reading Report a significant degree of additional outside reading for this course. 1 / 2 pt. will be awarded for each 100 pages read (up to a maximum of 1 1 / 2 pts). This reading may be done at any time before Tuesday, February 2, 2010, the deadline for submission of the Reading Report. No typed reading notes are required for this extra reading. up to 1 1 / 2 pts. Grades will be computed on the basis of the percentage of points awarded out of 100 -- so a total of 97 will convert into an A+, 93 and above will earn an A, 90 and above will earn an A-. The lowest possible passing grade will be a total of 60 points, or a D-. Plan of coverage: The following is offered as a tentative schedule Date Anticipated coverage in class 1) Monday, January 4, 2010 Introduction to the course and topic; Jesus and the OT; Jesus as the Christ; Genesis 1-3 2) Wednesday, January 6, 2010 Genesis 1-3 (concluded) 3) Friday, January 8, 2010 Genesis 9, 12, 15 4) Monday, January 11, 2010 Genesis 22, 49; Exodus 17 5) Wednesday, January 13, 2010 MID-TERM EXAM; Deuteronomy 18; Judges 13-16 6) Friday, January 15, 2010 1 Samuel 17; 2 Samuel 7, 12-18, 24; Psalm 110 Monday, January 18, 2010 HOLIDAY (MARTIN LUTHER KING Jr.) 7) Tuesday, January 19, 2010 (perhaps 1 Kings 17-2 Kings 9, 13); Isaiah 7, 9, 11 8) Wednesday, January 20, 2010 Isaiah 53; Micah 5; Jonah; Daniel 2, 7, 9 Thursday, January 21, 2010 Potential Makeup Class, if earlier snow days. 9) Friday, January 22, 2010 Zechariah 3, 6; Leviticus 16, with an introduction to the Old Testament sacrificial system; Malachi 10) Wednesday, January 27, 2010 at 1:15 FINAL EXAM [students with conflicts need to notify me; Byington may be asked to proctor an exam at night) Tuesday, February 9, 2010 (4:00 PM) Reading Report must be postmarked and mailed to Gregory O Brien, GCTS Box 370B no later than Feb 9, 2010 [Hugenberger, c/o Park Street Church, 1 Park Street, Boston, MA 02108-4802] Inclement weather School cancellations are announced on WBZ radio 1030 AM, usually at 5 minutes and 35 minutes past the hour, starting at 5:05 AM. Cancellation announcements will also be recorded by 6:00 AM on the campus switchboard (978-468-7111) Other matters:

OT 505 Syllabus: 5 Office Hours Gregory O Brien will be serving as the Byington Scholar for this course (January, 2010). If you have any questions or would welcome tutoring help, please feel free to contact him at <Gregory.obrien@gmail.com>, or GCTS Box 370B, or 512-535-8577. If I can be of any help, please do not hesitate to seek me out during my regular office hours, which will take place immediately after class. In case of an emergency, however, I may be reached at my office at Park Street Church (617-523-3383, ext. 410) or e-mail at GHugen@parkstreet.org or via regular mail at Park Street Church, 1 Park Street, Boston, MA 02108-4802. Auditors Regularly admitted students may take this course as an official audit by securing the necessary approval from the registration office and by paying the appropriate fee. Please inform the professor so that your attendance will be noted. Others may take this course as a courtesy audit if they are regularly admitted students at GCTS, GCTS employees, or the spouses of students or of employees. Only one courtesy audit is permitted per semester. Courtesy auditors are required to secure approval from the registration office and from the professor. Intellectual Property Right Policy (as approved by the GCTS Faculty, April 18, 2007) To protect the professor s intellectual property rights with regard to classroom content, students are asked to refrain from audio and video recording of classes, as well as audio, video, and written publication (including internet posting and broadcasting) or live transmission of classroom proceedings. Internet Usage Policy (as approved by the GCTS Faculty, April 18, 2007) Students are asked to refrain from accessing the internet at any point during class sessions, unless otherwise instructed by the professor. Surfing the web, checking email, and other internet-based activities are distracting to other students and to the professor, and prevent the student from fully participating in the class session. The Final Exam Essay Question The Final Exam will include one essay question which will invite you to write a one page essay on one out of three biblical texts which will not have been discussed in the lectures, but which will allow you to apply the methods of this course to a disputed messianic prophecy. The following are possible candidates for this question. The exact three texts that will be on the exam, from which you will choose one text for your essay, will be announced on or before Friday, January 15, 2010 Numbers 24 Jesus Christ, the Star of Jacob Psalm 2 Jesus Christ, the Son of God Psalm 72 Jesus Christ, Seed of David and Seed of Abraham Psalm 110 Jesus Christ, the Priest-King After the Order of Melchizedek Jeremiah 33:14-26 Jesus Christ, the Righteous Branch of Jeremiah s Vision Ezekiel 34 Jesus Christ, the true Shepherd and David who was to Come Hosea 11:1 Out of Egypt I have called My son [see Matthew 2:15] Zechariah 6:9-15 Jesus Christ, the true Priest-King and Coming Branch

OT 505 Syllabus: 6 First Part of Reading Report for OT 505: Christ in the Old Testament NAME: Box # You should fill out the relevant portions of this Reading Report on a daily basis. You must complete it, sign it, and submit it to me, postmarked no later than Tuesday, February 2, 2010. Please mail to Gregory O Brien, GCTS Box 370B, or to me, Dr. Gordon P. Hugenberger, c/o Park Street Church, 1 Park Street, Boston, MA 02108-4802. For the purpose of grading yourself, reading implies a substantial degree of comprehension and should not be equated with skimming. You are not required, however, to read every footnote. It is understood that many students will have read the Bible some time in the past. In order to satisfy this reading requirement, however, you must read through the assigned portions for this course. Accordingly, NO Bible reading accomplished PRIOR TO November 1, 2009 will be accepted as meeting this requirement. Check each portion of the Bible that you have carefully read for this course: Completed Completed Date ASSIGNMENT Before Class After Class (1 pt.) ( 1 / 2 pt.) 1/6/10 Genesis 1-3, 9 and read 70 pp. from list o o 1/8/10 Genesis 12 15, 22, 49 and read 70 pp. from list o o 1/11/10 Exodus 17; Deuteronomy 18; Judges 13-16 and read 70 pp. from list o o 1/13/10 1 Samuel 17; 2 Samuel 7, 12-18, 24 and read 70 pp. from list o o ( 1 / 2 pt.) ( 1 / 4 pt.) 1/15/10 Read 70 pp. from list [date of Midterm exam] o o 1/18/10 HOLIDAY 1/19/10 Isaiah 7, 9, 11 and read 70 pp. from list o o (1 pt.) ( 1 / 2 pt.) 1/20/10 Isaiah 53; Micah 5; Daniel 2, 7 and read 70 pp. from list o o 1/22/10 Daniel 9; Jonah and read 70 pp. from list o o 1/27/10 Zechariah 3, 6; Leviticus 16; Malachi and read 70 pp. from list o o 2/9/10 The remaining 290 pp. from the list. Award yourself 1 / 2 pt. for each 80 pp. that you read: pts. out of 2 pts. TOTAL points for the above reading assignments: pts. out of 10 pts. ATTACHED SHEETS: I have attached to this Report approx. 2-3 pages of reading notes for each book I read, and approx 1 page of notes for each article (or portion of a book), which include 1) a summary of the major point(s) of the book or article; 2) a list of exceptional insights and their page locations; and 3) a list of difficulties and weaknesses and their page locations. For Extra Credit: I also read pages of additional recommended articles and books. On the back of this sheet I have provided full bibliographic information and the number of pages read in each item. No reading notes are required for this Extra Credit reading. Total points for this EXTRA CREDIT reading: pts. ( 1 / 2 pt. for every 100 pages up to a maximum of 1 1 / 2 pts. for 300 pages). SIGNED: