Primary Source Analysis Find the two remaining documents from yesterday s document packet Let s look at Francisco Pizarro s Journal Turn in to homework box when finished
Tonight s reading Pgs 149-151 and pgs 159-161 Reading Quiz Thursday Unit exam has been moved to Tuesday, October 3
Pick up your foldable and pictures from the front Great work on the foldables!
Bellwork Complete the sheets on Medieval Life and The Crusades Use pgs 298-302 and pgs 318-321 to complete You can use these on today s quiz Review packet Pgs 149-151 and pgs 159-161 Quiz begins at 8:20 Tonight s reading packet pgs 162-164 Reading Quiz Friday
Reading Quiz You may use your packet, yesterday s worksheets, any reading notes, and pages 298-302, 318-321 on the quiz Record your answers for questions 1-27 on the scan sheet You may write on the quiz A = True, B = False Turn in scan sheet only (Block 1 Work Tray) when finished We will turn in worksheets after everyone is finished Tonight s reading packet pgs 162-164 Reading Quiz Friday
Bellwork Have a seat We will begin in a few minutes Today Lecture on the Middle Ages
The Middle Ages (Medieval Period) 500-1450 Period between the fall of Rome and the start of the modern era (Renaissance)
Geography of Western Europe Early Middle Ages (500-1000) Undeveloped Small population Large forests Fertile Soil Outlets to the sea and navigable rivers
The Franks Heavy influence on European development Strong agricultural base Firm alliance with western Christian church 9
Charlemagne (800-814) Conquers much of the old Roman Empire
Charlemagne (800-814) Conquers much of the old Roman Empire Gains support of the Roman Catholic Church
Dissolution of the Carolingian Empire
New Kingdoms Emerge Muslims begin to gain control of N. Africa and Spain
Invasions Numerous invasions during the Middle Ages
Population Growth of Europe, 200-1000 CE 40 35 30 25 20 15 Millions 10 5 0 200 400 600 800 900 1000 17
European Population Growth, 800-1300 CE 80 70 60 50 40 30 Millions 20 10 0 800 CE 1000 1100 1200 1300 CE 18
Background on Serfdom Serfdom Difference between peasants, serfs Peasants were free, owned their own land Serfs not free, could not own land Serfs, peasants lived similar lives
Economic Change and the Influence of the Church The Rise of International Trade and the Power of the Church
Improvements in Agriculture (Beginning in the 900s) Heavier plow developed Impact?
Improvements in Agriculture Horses used for work instead of Oxen
Revival of Trade Post-Roman decline in trade (except Italy) Development of Commercial Capitalism
Trade Increases
The Medieval Church
Post-Classical Western Europe Influence of the Church Every aspect of life was dominated by the Church Rulers were crowned by the Grace of God Political rule viewed as divinely sanctioned (God s Approval) All Christians were expected to tithe (a tax) to the church Education, art dictated by Church ideals Calendar organized by faith holidays Fair prices, economic practices dictated by church
The Power of the Church Church begins to gain political power during the Middle Ages
The Power of the Church Church begins to gain political power during the Middle Ages Papal Supremacy belief that the Pope held authority over all rulers.
Structure of the Church Clergy religious officials
Structure of the Church Clergy religious officials Pope is at the top priests are the lowest rank
Structure of the Church Clergy religious officials Pope is at the top priests are the lowest rank Priests were the main contact with the church and the people
Influence of the Church One of the few unifying factors in medieval Europe Served as a religious, social, and educational center
Power of the Church Gave people hope for something better
Power of the Church Gave people hope for something better Sacraments religious ceremonies
Power of the Church Gave people hope for something better Sacraments religious ceremonies Provides a common set of beliefs and rituals across Europe
Power of the Church Excommunication banishment from the church The person could be refused sacraments (no salvation) Interdict sacraments could not be performed on the king s land.
The Crusades
The Crusades (1096-1204) 200 years of Holy War by European Christians against Muslims
The Crusades (1096-1204) 200 years of Holy War by European Christians against Muslims 1095 Pope Urban II calls on Europeans to retake the Holy Land from the Muslims
The Crusading Spirit (Why Go?) Religious Zeal (automatic ticket to heaven)
The Crusading Spirit (Why Go?) Religious Zeal (automatic ticket to heaven) Youngest sons (did not inherit) saw opportunity
The Crusading Spirit (Why Go?) Religious Zeal (automatic ticket to heaven) Youngest sons (did not inherit) saw opportunity Merchants profited
The First & Second Crusades Poorly organized
The First & Second Crusades Poorly organized Attacks on non-christian Europeans Soldiers and leaders had little knowledge of the land
The First & Second Crusades Poorly organized Soldiers and leaders had little knowledge of the land Some parts were conquered by the Crusaders
The First & Second Crusades Poorly organized Soldiers and leaders had little knowledge of the land Some parts were conquered by the Crusaders Muslim leader Saladin retakes the land less than 100 years later
4 th Crusade (Early 1200s) The Looting of Constantinople Did not make it to the Holy Land Attacked Constantinople (a Christian city)
Effects of the Crusades Economic Expansion Increased trade, new trade routes, new products
Consequences Power of Monarchs and Pope grows A greater understanding of the world Religious tensions negative view of non- Christians among Europeans
Crisis of the Middle Ages Heresy, War, Disease
Religious Conflict Weakening Church Papal Dispute More than one person claims to be Pope Heresy Beliefs opposed to official church teachings Inquisition Trials of suspected heretics Imprisonment, Torture, Death
Crisis of the Middle Ages: The Plague
The Plague 30%-50% of Europe s population dies of the Plague
The Plague 30%-50% of Europe s population dies of the Plague Carried by rats and infected fleas
The Plague 30%-50% of Europe s population dies of the Plague Carried by rats and infected fleas People begin moving to the country
The Plague 30%-50% of Europe s population dies of the Plague Carried by rats and infected fleas People begin moving to the country
The Plague 30%-50% of Europe s population dies of the Plague Carried by rats and infected fleas People begin moving to the country
The Plague 30%-50% of Europe s population dies of the Plague Carried by rats and infected fleas People begin moving to the country Increased anti-semitism (Anti- Jewish)
Dance of Death (1463)
Economic Impact Epidemic An outbreak of disease Fewer workers = Higher wages Peasants move to cities, look for work Revolts across Europe
The Church Church power is weakened Persecution increases
Impact of the Plague 1. Decline in feudalism 2. Increase in manufacturing and technology 3. Towns and cities grow