Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament Professor: Dr. Roy E. Ciampa

Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament Professor: Dr. Roy E. Ciampa Wednesdays; 6:30-9:30 PM Office hours are posted online. See: http://www.viceregency.com/officehours.htm (If these hours do not work for you please arrange an appointment by e-mail.) I. Course Description Office: AC 144 Email: RCiampa@gcts.edu Phone: (978) 646-4083 (office) Students who have completed at least one term of Greek are introduced to the tools and methods of exegesis. Attention is given to the history of the New Testament text (textual criticism), the bibliographic tools for exegesis and the method and procedures of interpretation. Students prepare exegesis papers on the basis of the Greek text. Students who have not had Greek may take this course only with the permission of the professor. M.Div. students must complete GL 502 before or during this course. II. Course Relationship to the Curriculum NT 502 is a required course for M. Div. students as well as students who are pursuing an M.A. in New Testament. This class assumes at least one term of Basic Greek but may be taken in conjunction with Basic Greek II. It further serves as a prerequisite for Greek exegesis classes. III. Course Objectives (Note: The following course objectives all relate directly to both the first and second articles of the GCTS mission statement and thereby indirectly support the remaining articles of that statement.) When the student has completed this course he/she will have: 1. Recognized the value of exegesis for discerning the meaning of biblical texts. 2. Demonstrated an understanding of the basic tools and methods of biblical exegesis. 3. Demonstrated an ability to exegete and apply a New Testament text. 4. Specifically, during the course the student will demonstrate: a. An understanding of the textual criticism and an ability to analyze textual-critical problems. b. An understanding of the issues involved in the study of words and concepts in the Greek New Testament and an ability carry out such studies. c. An ability to carry out a study of background issues related to New Testament texts. d. An ability to carry out a grammatical analysis of New Testament texts. e. An ability to analyze the semantic structure of a New Testament text. f. An ability to analyze and evaluate arguments in favor of opposing exegetical positions. g. An ability to synthesize the results of an exegetical study and present a coherent interpretation of a text which highlights those observations and exegetical decisions/insights which are most important for coming to a proper understanding and application of the text.

IV. Course Texts NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 2 A. Required texts: Gordon D. Fee, New Testament Exegesis: A Handbook for Students and Pastors. Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox, 2004. ISBN-10: 0664223168; ISBN-13: 978-0664223168. Everett Ferguson. Backgrounds of Early Christianity. 3 rd edition. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003. ISBN-10: 0802822215; ISBN-13: 978-0802822215. Michael F. Kopesec, John C. Callow, and John Beekman, The Semantic Structure of Written Communication. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1981. ASIN: B0006Y0R4E. Bruce Manning Metzger and Bart D. Ehrman, The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. ISBN-10: 019516122X; ISBN-13: 978-0195161229. Grant R. Osborne, The Hermeneutical Spiral: A Comprehensive Introduction to Biblical Interpretation. Second edition. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity, 2006. ISBN-10: 0830828265; ISBN-13: 978-0830828265. (Note further required readings are indicated in the course outline) B. Recommended Texts: Roy Ciampa, Reference Charts for NT Textual Criticism. PDF/Online. Darrell L.Bock and Buist M. Fanning, eds. Interpreting the New Testament Text Introduction to the Art and Science of Exegesis. Wheaton, Ill: Crossway Books, 2006. Peter Cottrell and Max Turner, Linguistics & Biblical Interpretation. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1989. Gary T. Meadors, ed., Four Views on Moving Beyond the Bible to Theology. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2009. Stanley E. Porter, Beth M. Stovell and Craig Blomberg, eds. Biblical Hermeneutics: Five Views. Downers Grove, Ill.: IVP Academic, 2012. Robert H. Stein, Studying the Synoptic Gospels. 2nd edition. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 2001. W. Randolph Tate, Biblical Interpretation: An Integrated Approach. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2008. Kevin J. Vanhoozer, Is There a Meaning in this Text? Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1998. V. Course Requirements and Grading Student evaluation will be based on the completion of the following course elements: 1. An analysis of a text-critical problem (10%) 2. A background study (10%). 3. A grammatical diagram of a New Testament text (10%). 4. A diagram of the semantic structure of a New Testament text (10%). 5. A 10-12 page exegesis paper (60%). VI. Academic Policies Due dates Due dates for most assignments are indicated in the Course Outline. Late work will not normally be accepted. In unusual circumstances (e.g., grave sickness) the professor may

NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 3 elect to accept late work. Such work will be penalized according to the discretion of the professor in the light of the particular situation. The final paper is due by the seminary deadline for the submission of written work. Only the registration office can give an extension beyond that date. Intellectual property rights To protect the professor s intellectual property rights with regard to classroom content, students are asked to refrain from audio and video recording of classes, as well as audio, video, and written publication (including internet posting and broadcasting) or live transmission of classroom proceedings. In cases where explicit special permission is granted to record a session such permission is extended on a temporary use only: Any recording made is for the private use of the student only and is to be deleted/erased within two weeks of the recording. Internet usage Students are asked to refrain from accessing the internet at any point during class sessions, unless otherwise instructed by the professor. Surfing the web, checking email, and other internet-based activities are distracting to other students and to the professor, and prevent the student from fully participating in the class session. Inductive Study The final paper must demonstrate the use of the tools/steps/methods taught in this course. A paper that primarily reflects a selection of insights from commentaries or other secondary sources will not be acceptable. Plagiarism All use of sources must be properly indicated. Read the document on plagiarism carefully and remember that use of authors words is indicated with quotation marks and a footnote and use of their ideas, but not their words, is indicated with a footnote. Elevating NT 502 (only for Biblical Studies Th.M. students) The student will complete the regular syllabus plus read the following book and write a summary of the main points of each chapter/essay (about 1/3 of a page on each essay). Green, Joel B., ed. Hearing the New Testament: Strategies for Interpretation. Second edition. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2010. Incomplete or unsatisfactory completion of this assignment may result in up to a fullletter grade reduction of the final grade for the course. VII. Course Outline (Proposed Schedule Subject to change at professor s discretion) Class Date Topic Reading/Assignments Note: Reading weeks are to be spent getting ahead on the reading (some following weeks have too much to be done in that week) and working on the next assignment or the final exegesis paper. 1 Introduction to the course Fee, 1-40 (read ahead for next class). and overview of biblical exegesis 2 Brief historical context

3 Brief discussion of questions regarding Unit Delimitation NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 4 Watch (and review if necessary) Camtasia presentation on Unit Delimitation. Take notes and write down questions you would like addressed in class. 4 Textual Criticism Fee, 59-70; Introduction to NA 28 ; Ciampa, Reference Charts, ii, 1-4 (scan rest for sense of what will be found there); Metzger and Ehrman, The Text of the New Testament; study carefully Aland and Aland, The Text of the New Testament, 106-110 (posted on Sakai). Watch (and review if necessary) Camtasia presentation on Textual Criticism. Take notes and write down questions you would like addressed in class. 5 Textual Criticism (cont.) 6 Translating the Greek text Watch (and review if necessary) the Camtasia presentation on Translation. Take notes and write down questions you would like addressed in class. 7 Lexical Analysis Submit assignment #1 (week after TC discussion concluded) 8 Lexical Analysis Fee, 79-95; Osborne, ch. 3 Recommended: Turner & Cottrell, 77-187; Rodney Decker, An Introduction to the Bauer/Danker Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament 9 Old Testament Backgrounds Osborne, ch. 5; Watch Camtasia Presentation on Backgrounds Analysis: Introduction Ferguson. Backgrounds of Early Christianity, 1-47; Fee, 96-111; Osborne, ch. 14; Ciampa, Toward the Effective Preaching of New Testament Texts that Cite the Old Testament ; Introduction to Beale and Carson, eds., CNTUOT. Recommended: Ciampa, Approaching Paul's Use of Scripture in Light of Translation Studies. 10 Jewish Backgrounds Ferguson. Backgrounds of Early Christianity, 396-598 11 Greco-Roman Backgrounds Ferguson. Backgrounds of Early Christianity, 48-393; Marriage and (especially) Women in the Greco-Roman and Jewish World of the New Testament pages 232-252 of the Handouts for NT Interp.

NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 5 12 Grammatical Analysis Submit assignment #2 (week after Jewish backgrounds discussion concluded) Fee, 71-78; Sentence Diagramming handout (posted on Sakai); Osborne, chs. 2, 4; Mounce, Graded Reader, 141-182. Diagram 1 John 1:5-7 in preparation for class (use forum for help). 13 Semantic Structure Analysis Submit assignment #3 (first class day after sentence diagramming explanation concluded) Kopesec, Callow, & Beekman, The Semantic Structure of Written Communication; Beekman & Callow, Translating the Word of God, 287-312. 14 Semantic Structure Analysis Context- Role in Discourse 15-16 Review (or catch-up) Osborne, chs. 1, 11, 13 17 Exegetical Idea Submit assignment #4 (week after SSA explanation concluded) 18 Author s Purpose 19-20 Synoptic Issues and Rhetoric Robinson, Expository Preaching, chapters 2 & 5 Fee, 112-131; Stein, Synoptic Problem in the Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels (IVP), pages 784-792; Osborne, chs. 7, 12; Recommended: Stein, Studying the Synoptic Gospels, Powell, What is Narrative Criticism?, Bauckham, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, Bauckham, ed., The Gospels for All Christians. 21-22 Theological Analysis Osborne, chs. 15-16; Ciampa, The History of Redemption 23-24 Relevance & Application Fee, 133-154; Osborne, chs. 17-18; Ciampa, Ideological Challenges for Bible Translators ; Greidanus, The Modern Preacher and the Ancient Text, 157-184. Be prepared to discuss Greidanus s chapter in class. Recommended: Ciampa, Confronting the Bible's Double Life http://everythoughtcaptivearchive.blogspot.com/ 2008/09/confronting-bibles-double-life.html; Ralston, Showing the Relevance: Application, Ethics and Preaching in Interpreting the New Testament Text, 293-310; Osborne, Appendices 1-2; Gary T. Meadors, ed., Four Views on Moving Beyond the Bible to Theology, Vanhoozer, Is There a Meaning in this Text?

Dec. 17 Last day to submit written work (earlier for graduating students see academic calendar) Note: Before the first class on Textual Criticism the student should: NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 6 Submit Exegesis paper 1. Read Fee, 59-70, the introduction to NA 28 ; Ciampa, Reference Charts, ii, 1-4 (scan rest for sense of what will be found there); and Metzger and Ehrman, The Text of the New Testament (see Key Issues in Metzger and Ehrman under Resources in Course Documents). 2. Study the critical apparatus of the 28 th edition of the Nestle-Aland text for 1 John 1:5-7 until you have understood every item it contains (the introduction to that text will be of most help). Overview of Assignments: Assignment #1 Textual Criticism What was the fifth word of the Greek text of 1 John 1:5 (that is, what word followed the nominative feminine article)? Based on the readings, and utilizing the charts and questions provided in the Reference Charts, analyze the question of the second variation unit found for 1 John 1:5 in the 28 th edition of the Nestle-Aland text of the New Testament. Was it ἀγγελία, ἐπαγγελία, ἀγάπη τῆς ἐπαγγελίας, or something else? There is an example of such an assignment in the Interp handouts. For help see: http://www.viceregency.com/textcrit.htm. When preparing your chart, please use the following color coding: ἀγγελία (red), ἐπαγγελία (green), ἀγάπη τῆς ἐπαγγελίας (purple), ἀπαγγελίας (black). Assignment #2 Jewish Backgrounds Following the orientation given in class, 1) study and summarize the differing positions on a Jewish husband s legal grounds for divorce as understood by Philo, Josephus, Shammai and Hillel, and the Qumran community, citing the most helpful texts for establishing the view of each one, and indicate what OT text(s), if any, each one seems to use as the basis for their view. This should not normally be any more than three pages long (papers exceeding four pages in length will not be accepted). 1. Search phe and joe in BibleWorks for >.divorc*< and study the texts of Philo and Josephus that are discovered. 2. Search an English translation of the Dead Sea Scrolls for divorce (see the second and third links on this page: http://www.viceregency.com/stjewishlit.htm) and see what the texts say. Then read the entry on Marriage and Divorce in the reference volume Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls (edited by Lawrence H. Schiffman and James C. VanderKam; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2000) as well as pages 61-72 of Divorce and Remarriage in the Bible: The Social and Literary Context (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002) by David Instone-Brewer. 3. Read the Mishnah tractate Gittin (I recommend Danby s translation but Neusner s may also be used) to discover the views of Hillel and Shammai. 4. Remember, you are only to report on the grounds for divorce, not the ins and outs of the acceptable and inacceptable procedures used to secure a divorce (e.g., do not focus on who can write the bill of divorce or how it has to be delivered, etc.). 5. List all the.divorc* texts of Philo and Josephus as well as any relevant texts from the Dead Sea Scrolls but only comment on the ones that shed light on the question of their view of proper grounds and/or any scriptural basis for their view. Summarize the contrasting views of Instone-Brewer and the Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls in one sentence for each. Cite the most important text(s) in m. Gittin for the views of

NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 7 Hillel and Shammai and any scriptural text they may have used for their basis. See the posted document for a suggested outline for this paper. Assignment #3 Sentence Diagram: Following the orientation given in class (and the course handouts) prepare a sentence diagram of the Greek text of 1 John 1:5-7. You are forbidden to consult anyone else s diagram of the passage. You are also forbidden to consult any sentence diagrams in BibleWorks. Assignment #4 Semantic Structure Analysis Following the orientation given in class and in the readings (and the examples provided by the professor), prepare a semantic structure analysis of 1 John 1:5-7 (you are forbidden to consult anyone else s SSA of the passage). Final Paper: Before the end of the last day for submitting written work the student should submit a 9-10 page exegesis paper on a passage of the student s choice (to be approved by the professor). In that paper the student should reflect the following steps with steps 1-5 carried out in an introductory section of the paper, steps 6-10 in the main body of the paper in commentary style (along the lines of Harpers [or Black s] NT Commentary Series [see the posted sample exegesis papers]), and steps 11-12 left for a concluding section of the paper. 1. Briefly explain the introductory issues (especially the occasion) of the book in which your passage is found. 2. Establish the coherence and boundaries of the passage. 3. Explain the role of your passage within the framework of the argument of the book and/or section in which it is found. 4. Establish the original text. (This is to be done early on but the discussion of textual issues should be reserved for footnotes to the text within the commentary section of the paper, along with steps 6-10. Especially important textual issues may merit some discussion in the body of the paper.) (1-3 charts should be supplied in an appendix.) 5. Prepare a translation of the text that reflects the results of the exegesis. 6. Discuss complex, unusual or particularly important features of the grammar of the passage (any diagrams should be attached as appendices). 7. Explain important aspects of the historical and literary context. 8. Explain important or unusual words and concepts including scriptural and/or cultural backgrounds that inform them. 9. Explain the Semantic Structure of the passage (with a chart or diagram as an appendix). 10. Discuss rhetorical features of the passage. 11. Propose and defend your understanding of the author s exegetical idea and purpose. 12. Discuss the relevance of the text in its original context and its relevance/application to the context(s) of (post? -) modern readers.

NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 8 The exegesis paper should also: 1. Include a bibliography (in alphabetical order) of at least 15 works cited in the footnotes, including advanced grammars, theological dictionaries, scholarly commentaries, articles from theological journals, and scholarly monographs. [Note: dictionary articles should be listed under the name of the author of the article, not under the name of the editor of the dictionary. Note also: Study Bibles are not appropriate sources for academic papers.] 2. Be typed, double-spaced (except extended quotes and footnotes), in Times New Roman font size 12, with pagination, one-inch margins, footnotes, bibliography and proper recognition given to all sources of words or ideas found in the body of the paper. Read the material on plagiarism that is attached to the end of this syllabus. 3. Conform to The SBL Handbook of Style (edited by Patrick H. Alexander et al. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 1999. [PN147.S26 1999]). The following two pages are to be attached as the last (uncounted) pages of your exegesis paper.

NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 9 Statement of Compliance to Certain Academic Integrity and Protocols Note: Papers that do not include a properly checked and signed copy of this form will not be given a passing grade. I hereby declare that (check all that apply): I have read the document on plagiarism and have written this paper in a way that complies with it, and, in particular, all places where I have used information derived from sources I have consulted are properly footnoted. Also in compliance with the provided standard regarding plagiarism, all places where I have used the words of other authors those words are clearly marked by quotation marks or block quotation formatting and places where sources are used without footnoting reflect a thorough rewording and not merely a restructuring and substitution of equivalent words or phrases. I did not consult the BibleWorks sentence diagrams or other sentence diagrams of my passage (or receive input from someone who did consult such diagrams) before preparing the first draft of my sentence diagram, which I have submitted along with the final revised version. I have not looked at any one else s SSA diagram of my passage (or received input from someone who did consult such a diagram) before preparing the first draft of my own SSA. If I did consult another SSA I have submitted my first draft along with the final version. Sign on the line

Exegesis Paper Evaluation NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 10 Name: For help on these issues, see http://www.viceregency.com/exegesisorientation.htm Topic Comments Are there spelling, grammatical or stylistic problems? Is the writing consistently clear and coherent? Is the paper paginated? Is the paper too long or short (correct margins/fonts)? Are the bibliography and footnotes formatted according to the SBL Handbook of Style? Is the Bibliography in proper alphabetical order? Does the paper show familiarity with both primary and secondary sources (including advanced grammars [Wallace/Blass-Debrunner], lexicons [BDAG/EDNT], periodical literature, monographs, theological dictionaries, and the best serious commentaries)? Is the paper overly dependent upon secondary sources? Does the discussion of text delimitation mention specific linguistic evidence in favor of the proposed text division (not just an outline)? Do text-critical discussions (preferably in footnotes) provide brief but sufficient detail (including primary support for each variant) and mention internal evidence where appropriate (i.e., not merely refer to the appendices)? Is the translation overly free or overly wooden? Does it have unnecessary parentheses or brackets? Do grammatical discussions show linguistic care and sophistication (& cite advanced grammars)? Do word studies reflect careful study of primary and secondary texts and avoid word-study fallacies? Proper attention given to background & theological issues? Is the structure of the passage made clear? Is there a clear conclusion discussing the Idea (with explicit identification of the subject & complement)? Is the idea formed by the most direct and simplest joining of the subject and complement? Do you defend your proposal? Is there discussion of the author s purpose ( so that his readers would ) as well as of the Relevance- Application of the text? Other comments: Note: check marks ( ) in the margins indicate parts I particularly appreciated. If you desire more feedback on your paper than I have already provided please bring it back to me and I will look at it again and comment further. This paper is marked by: Superb research/exegesis and extraordinary insight Solid research and credible conclusions Adequate/basic level research/exegesis Insufficient research, analysis or proofreading Occasional or frequent logical errors or exegetical fallacies

Items marked with an asterisk [*] are of particular importance. Introduction NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 11 BIBLIOGRAPHY *Brown, Raymond E. An Introduction to the New Testament. New York: Doubleday, 1997. *Carson, Donald A., Moo, Douglas J., and Morris, Leon. An Introduction to the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1992. Gundry, Robert. A Survey of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1994 3. Guthrie, Donald. New Testament Introduction. Downers Grove, IL: Inter-Varsity, 1990 4. Textual Criticism *Aland, Kurt, and Barbara Aland. The Text of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1989 2. Ehrman, Bart D. The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture: The Effect of Early Christological Controversies on the Text of the New Testament. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Greenlee, J. H. Introduction to New Testament Textual Criticism. Peabody: Hendrickson, 1995. *Metzger, Bruce Manning, and Bart D. Ehrman, The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. *Metzger, Bruce. M. A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament. London & New York: United Bible Societies, 1994 2. Lexical Analysis Atkins, B. T. S., and Michael Rundell. The Oxford Guide to Practical Lexicography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. *Balz, H. and Schneider, G., ed. Exegetical Dictionary of the New Testament, 3 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1990-93. *Bauer, W. (Danker/Arndt/Gingrich). A Greek-English Lexicon. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 2000 3. Brown, Colin, ed. The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology, 3 vols. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1975-1978. Computer Concordance to the Novum Testamentum Graece of Nestle-Aland, 26 th ed. and to the Greek New Testament, 3 rd ed. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1985 2. Kittel, G. and Friedrich, G., ed. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, 10 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964-76. Kittel and Friedrich, ed. and abridged by G. Bromiley. TDNT, 1 vol. edition. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1985. *Lee, John A. L. A History of New Testament Lexicography. Studies in Biblical Greek, vol. 8. New York: P. Lang, 2003.

NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 12 Liddell, H. G. and Scott, R. A Greek-English Lexicon, 9 th ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1925-40; repr. 1968. Louw, Johannes P. Semantics of New Testament Greek. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1982. Louw, Johannes. P. and Nida, E. A. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament Based on Semantic Domains, 2 vols. New York: United Bible Societies, 1988. Nida, Eugene A., and Johannes P. Louw. Lexical Semantics of the Greek New Testament: A Supplement to the Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament Based on Semantic Domains. SBL Resources for Biblical Study 25. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1992. Silva, Moisés. Biblical Words and Their Meaning: An Introduction to Lexical Semantics. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1983. Spicq, Ceslas. Theological Lexicon of the New Testament. Trans. James D. Ernest. 3 Vols. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 1995. Grammar *Blass, F., Debrunner, A., and R. Funk. A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962. Campbell, Constantine R. Basics of Verbal Aspect in Biblical Greek. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2008. Campbell, Constantine R. Verbal Aspect and Non-Indicative Verbs: Further Soundings in the Greek of the New Testament. Studies in Biblical Greek, v. 15. New York: Peter Lang, 2008. Campbell, Constantine R. Verbal Aspect, the Indicative Mood, and Narrative: Soundings in the Greek of the New Testament. Studies in Biblical Greek, v. 13. New York: Peter Lang, 2007. *Caragounis, Chrys C. The Development of Greek and the New Testament Morphology, Syntax, Phonology, and Textual Transmission. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Academic, 2006. [Note: See also the review by Silva in WTJ] Christides, A.-F. ed. A History of Ancient Greek from the Beginnings to Late Antiquity. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2007. *Fanning, Buist M. Verbal Aspect in New Testament Greek. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990. Funk, Robert W. A Beginning-Intermediate Grammar of Hellenistic Greek, 3 vols. Missoula: Scholars Press, 1973. Horrocks, Geoffrey C. Greek A History of the Language and Its Speakers. Longman Linguistics library. London: Longman, 1997. *Levinsohn, Stephen H. Discourse Features of New Testament Greek: A Coursebook. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1992. McKay, K. L. A New Syntax of the Verb in New Testament Greek: An Aspectual Approach. Studies in Biblical Greek, vol. 5. New York: Peter Lang, 1994. Moule, C. F. D. An Idiom Book of New Testament Greek. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1959. Moulton, J.H., Howard, W.F., and Turner, Nigel. Grammar of New Testament Greek (4 vols.). Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1976.

NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 13 Mounce, William D. A Graded Reader of Biblical Greek. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996. Olsen, Mari Broman. A Semantic and Pragmatic Model of Lexical and Grammatical Aspect. New York: Garland, 1997. Porter, Stanley E. Idioms of the Greek New Testament. Biblical Languages: Greek 2. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1992. Porter, Stanley E. Verbal Aspect in the Greek of the New Testament, with Reference to Tense and Mood. Studies in Biblical Greek, 1. New York: Peter Lang, 1989. Porter, Stanley E., and D. A. Carson, eds. Biblical Greek Language and Linguistics: Open Questions in Current Research. JSNTSS 80. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993. Robertson, A. T. A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research. 3 rd edition. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1919. *Runge, Steven. Discourse Grammar of the Greek New Testament: A Practical Introduction to Discourse Features for Teaching and Exegesis. Bellingham, Wash.: Logos Research Systems, 2009. *Wallace, Daniel B. Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996. Zerwick, Maximillian. Biblical Greek Illustrated by Examples. Rome: Editrice Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 1963. Semantic Structure Analysis Beekman, John, and John Callow. Translating the Word of God. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1974; pages 267-342. Kopesec, Michael F.; Callow, John C.; and Beekman, John. The Semantic Structure of Written Communication. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1981. Loos, Eugene, ed. Logical Relations in Discourse. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1999. Historical-Cultural Background *Arnold, Clinton E., ed. Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary. 4 vols. Grand Rapids, Mich: Zondervan, 2002. Barnett, Paul. Jesus and the Rise of Early Christianity. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1999. Boring, M. Eugene; Berger, Klaus; and Colpe, Carsten, eds. Hellenistic Commentary to the New Testament. Nashville: Abingdon, 1995. *Bromiley, George W., ed. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, revised, 4 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979-86. Bruce, F. F. New Testament History. London: Nelson; Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1969. DeSilva, David A. Honor, Patronage, Kinship & Purity: Unlocking New Testament Culture. Downers Grove, InverVarsity, 2000. *Evans, Craig A., ed. The Bible Knowledge Background Commentary. Bible Knowledge Series. 3 vols. Colorado Springs: Victor, 2003-2005

NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 14 *Evans, Craig, A., and Stanley E. Porter, eds. Dictionary of New Testament Background. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2000. *Ferguson, Everett. Backgrounds of Early Christianity. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1993 2. *Freedman, David Noel, ed. The Anchor Bible Dictionary, 6 vols. New York: Doubleday, 1993. *Green, Joel B., et al. Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1992. *Hawthorne, Gerald F., et. al. Dictionary of Paul and His Letters. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1993. Jeffers, J. S. The Greco-Roman World of the New Testament Era. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1999 *Keener, Craig S. The IVP Biblical Background Commentary: New Testament. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1993. Koester, H. Introduction to the New Testament. Vol. 1: History, Culture, and Religion of the Hellenistic Age. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter; Philadelphia: Fortress, 1995 2. *Martin, Ralp P. and Peter H. Davids, eds. Dictionary of the Later New Testament and Its Developments. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1998. Wright, N. T. The New Testament and the People of God. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1992. Theology Caird, G. B. (Completed and edited by L. D. Hurst). New Testament Theology. Oxford, UK: Clarendon, 1994. Dunn, James D. G. The Theology of Paul the Apostle. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998. Goppelt, Leopold. Theology of the New Testament. 2 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1981-1982. *Gorman, Michael J. Apostle of the Crucified Lord: A Theological Introduction to Paul and His Letters. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2004. Guthrie, Donald. New Testament Theology. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1981. Hafemann, Scott J., ed. Biblical Theology: Retrospect and Prospect. Downers Grove, Ill: InterVarsity Press, 2002. Hafemann, Scott J., and Paul R. House, eds. Central Themes in Biblical Theology: Mapping Unity in Diversity. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Academic, 2007. *Ladd, George E. A Theology of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1974; rev. ed 1993. Marshall, I. Howard. New Testament Theology: Many Witnesses, One Gospel. Downers Grove, Ill: InterVarsity Press, 2004. Morris, Leon. New Testament Theology. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1986. *Schreiner, Thomas R. Paul: Apostle of God s Glory in Christ. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2001. Thielman, Frank. Theology of the New Testament: A Canonical and Synthetic Approach. Grand Rapids, Mich: Zondervan, 2005.

Hermeneutics/Biblical Interpretation NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 15 Bock, Darrell L., and Buist M. Fanning, eds. Interpreting the New Testament Text: Introduction to the Art and Science of Exegesis. Wheaton, Ill: Crossway, 2006. Bray, Gerald. Biblical Interpretation: Past and Present. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1996. Brown, Jeannine K. Scripture As Communication: Introducing Biblical Hermeneutics. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2007. Carson, Donald A. Exegetical Fallacies. Baker Books, 1984. Dockery, David et al., eds. Foundations for Biblical Interpretation. Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 1994. Dockery, David, and Black, David Alan, eds. New Testament Criticism and Interpretation. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1991. Fee, Gordon, and Douglas Stuart. How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1981. Gooder, Paula, ed. Searching for Meaning: An Introduction to Interpreting the New Testament. Louisville, KY: SPCK/Westminster John Knox, 2009. Green, Joel B., ed. Hearing the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995. Greidanus, Sidney. The Modern Preacher and the Ancient Text: Interpreting and Preaching Biblical Literature. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1988. Guthrie, George H. and Duvall, J. Scott. Biblical Greek Exegesis: A Graded Approach to Learning Intermediate and Advanced Greek. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1998. Haynes, Stephen R., and Steven L. McKenzie. To Each Its Own Meaning: An Introduction to Biblical Criticisms and Their Applications. Louisville, Ky: Westminster John Knox Press, 1999. Klein, William W., Blomberg, Craig L., and Hubbard, Robert L., Jr. Introduction to Biblical Interpretation. Dallas: Word, 1993. Marshall, I. Howard, ed. New Testament Interpretation. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977. McKnight, S. and Grant R. Osborne, eds. The Face of New Testament Studies. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2004. *Osborne, Grant. The Hermeneutical Spiral. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1991. Porter, Stanley E., ed. A Handbook to the Exegesis of the New Testament. New Testament Tools and Studies, 25. Leiden: Brill, 1997. Porter, Stanley E. and Tombs, D., eds. Approaches to New Testament Study. Sheffield, UK: Sheffield Academic Press, 1995. Powell, Mark Allan. What is Narrative Criticism? Guides to Biblical Scholarship. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1990. Robinson, Haddon W. Biblical Preaching: The Development and Delivery of Expository Messages. 2 nd edition. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2001. Thiselton, Anthony C. Hermeneutics: An Introduction. Grand Rapids, Mich.; Cambridge, U.K.: Eerdmans, 2009.

NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 16 Vanhoozer, Kevin J. Is There a Meaning in this Text? Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1998. Webb, William J. Slaves, Women and Homosexuals: Exploring the Hermeneutics of Cultural Analysis. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2001. Theological Interpretation of Scripture Adam, A. K. M., et al. Reading Scripture with the Church: Toward a Hermeneutic for Theological Interpretation. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2006. Fowl, Stephen E. Engaging Scripture: A Model for Theological Interpretation. Challenges in contemporary theology. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 1998. Fowl, Stephen E. Theological Interpretation of Scripture. Eugene, Or.: Cascade Books, 2009. Fowl, Stephen E., ed. The Theological Interpretation of Scripture: Classic and Contemporary Readings. Blackwell readings in modern theology. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 1997. Marshall, I. Howard, Kevin J. Vanhoozer, and Stanley E. Porter. Beyond the Bible: Moving from Scripture to Theology. Acadia Studies in Bible and Theology. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2004. *Meadors, Gary T., ed., Four Views on Moving Beyond the Bible to Theology. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2009. Spinks, D. Christopher. The Bible and the Crisis of Meaning: Debates on the Theological Interpretation of Scripture. T & T Clark Theology. London: T & T Clark, 2007. Stuhlmacher, Peter. Historical Criticism and Theological Interpretation of Scripture: Toward a Hermeneutics of Consent. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1977. *Thompson, John Lee. Reading the Bible with the Dead: What You Can Learn from the History of Exegesis That You Can't Learn from Exegesis Alone. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2007. *Treier, Daniel J. Introducing Theological Interpretation of Scripture: Recovering a Christian Practice. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Academic, 2008. Vanhoozer, Kevin J., ed. Dictionary for Theological Interpretation of the Bible. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2005. Vanhoozer, Kevin J., ed. Theological Interpretation of the Old Testament: A Book-by-Book Survey. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2008. Vanhoozer, Kevin J., ed. Theological Interpretation of the New Testament: A Book-by-Book Survey. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2008. Ciampa s Publications on the Use of the Old Testament in the New Fulfillment, New Testament in the Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception (EBR), edited by Ed. by Hans-Josef Klauck, et al. Berlin & New York: Walter de Gruyter (forthcoming).

NT 502: Interpreting the New Testament / 17 Genesis 1-3 and Paul's Theology of Adam s Dominion in Romans 5-6 in From Creation to New Creation: Essays on Biblical Theology and Exegesis. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson (forthcoming 2013). Paul s (Often Missed) Pointer to an Old Testament Text: Romans 1:17 in Devotions on the Greek New Testament, edited by Verlyn Verbrugge. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2012, pages 58-60. Approaching Paul's Use of Scripture in Light of Translation Studies. Paul and Scripture: Extending the Conversation. Edited by Christopher D. Stanley. Early Christianity and Its Literature, 9. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2012, pages 293-318. Missio Dei and Imitatio Dei in Ephesians in New Testament Theology in Light of the Church s Mission: Essays in Honor of I. Howard Marshall. Edited by Jon C. Laansma, Grant Osborne and Ray Van Neste. Bletchley, UK: Paternoster and Eugene, Or.: Cascade, 2011; pages 229-43. Examined the Scriptures? The Meaning of ἀνακρίνοντες τὰς γραφάς in Acts 17:11, Journal of Biblical Literature 130, no. 3 (2011): pages 527 541. Abraham and Empire in Galatians, in Perspectives on Our Father Abraham: Essays in Honor of Marvin R. Wilson. Edited by Steven Hunt. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010 (pages 153-168). Scriptural Language and Ideas in As It Is Written: Studying Paul's Use of Scripture (SBL Symposium Series, 50; edited by Stanley N. Porter and Christopher D. Stanley; Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2008); pages 41-57. 1 Corinthians, chapter co-authored with Brian S. Rosner in the Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament, edited by G. K. Beale and D. A. Carson (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2007); pages 695-752. Deuteronomy in Galatians and Romans in Deuteronomy in the New Testament, edited by Steve Moiyse and Maarten Menken (Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 2007); pages 99-117. The Structure and Argument of 1 Corinthians: A Biblical/Jewish Approach New Testament Studies vol. 52.2 (Apr 2006); pages 205-218 (co-authored with Brian S. Rosner). Toward the Effective Preaching of New Testament Texts that Cite the Old Testament in Preaching the Old Testament (edited by Scott Gibson; Grand Rapids: Baker, 2006), pages 151-169.