Name: Class: Date: APUSB PRETEST CBS 14-15 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. All ofthe following were characteristics ofthe new nation as it entered into the nineteenth century except a. New England to the south, all pushed west in search of land and opportunity. b. vast number of immigrants, especially from Europe, made their way to the country's fast-growing cities. c. better roads, faster steamboats, farther-reaching canals, and ribboning railroad lines all moved people. d. newly invented machinery quickened the cultivating of crops and the manufacturing of goods. e. the push forward resulted in a stagnant and slow-developing economy. 2. The dramatic growth ofamerican cities between 1800 and 1860 a. led to a lower death rate. b. contributed to a decline in the birthrate. c. resulted in unsanitary conditions in many communities. d. forced the federal government to slow immigration. e. created sharp political conflict between farmers and urbanites. 3. George Catlin advocated a. placing Indians on reservations. b. efforts to protect America's endangered species. c. continuing the rendezvous system. d. keeping white settlers out of the West. e. the preservation of nature as a national policy. 4. The overwhelming event for Ireland in the 1840s was a. the rebellion against British rule and potato famine. b. influx of immigrants from mostly Eastern European countries. c. the legalization ofthe Roman Catholic Church. d. the migration from the countryside to the city. e. the increasing use of English instead of Gaelic. s. The Irish immigrants to early nineteenth-century America a. were mostly Roman Catholics and hated the British. b. tended to settle on western farmlands. c. were warmly welcomed by American workers. d. identified and sympathized with American free blacks. e. were often members of the Irish Republican Army. 6. When the "famine Irish" came to America, they a. moved to the West. b. mostly became farmers. c. moved up the economic ladder quickly. d. mostly remained in the port cities ofthe Northeast. e. formed alliances with Yankees against the Germans. 1
Name: ---------------------- 7. When German immigrants came to the United States, they a. often became Baptist or Methodists. b. mixed well with other Americans. c. remained mostly in the Northeast. d. prospered with astonishing ease. e. dropped most of their German customs. 8. The sentiment offear and opposition to open immigration was called a. the cult of domesticity. b. nativism. c. racism. d. rugged individualism. e. patriotism. 9. Native-born Americans feared that Catholic immigrants to the United States would a. want to attend school with Protestants. b. overwhelm the native-born Catholics and control the church. c. establish the Catholic Church at the expense ofprotestantism. d. assume control ofthe Know-Nothing party. e. establish monasteries and convents in the West. 10. IdentifY the following statement that is false. a. Land was cheap in America; this helped fuel the immigration flux. b. Money for capital investment was not plentiful in pioneering America. c. Foreign capital was dependent upon security in property rights, sufficient infrastructure, an adequate work force, and political stability. d. Even though capital was lacking, raw materials were widely developed and discovered in America. e. The country had a difficult time producing goods of high quality and cheap cost to compete with mass-produced European products. 11. Most of the cotton produced in the American South after the invention of the cotton gin was a. produced by free labor. b. sold to England. c. grown on the tidewater plains. d. consumed by the southern textile industry. e. ofthe long-staple variety. 12. As a result of the development ofthe cotton gin a. slavery revived and expanded. b. American industry bought more southern cotton than did British manufacturers. c. a nationwide depression ensued. d. the South diversified its economy. e. the textile industry moved to the South. 13. The early factory system distributed its benefits a. mostly to the owners. b. evenly to all. c. primarily in the South. d. to workers represented by unions. e. to overseas investors. 2
Name: 14. By the time of the fabled London World's Fair in 1851, American products were prominent among the world's commercial wonders, which included all of the following except a. Edison's phonograph. b. Goodyear's vulcanized rubber goods. c. Colt's firearms. d. Morse's telegraph. e. McCormick's reaper. 15. One reason that the lot of adult wage earners improved was a. support gained from the United States Supreme Court. b. the passage of minimum wage laws. c. the passage of laws restricting the use of strikebreakers. d. the enactment of immigration restrictions. e. the enfranchisement of the laboring man. 16. The cult of domesticity a. gave women more opportunity to seek employment outside the home. b. resulted in more pregnancies for women. c. restricted women's moral influence on the family. d. glorified the traditional role ofwomen as homemakers. e. was especially strong among rural women. 17. After the construction ofthe Lancaster Turnpike and the Cumberland (National) Road, road building slowed somewhat because of a. corruption in construction contracts. b. the inability to construct hard-surface highways. c. eastern states' opposition. d. the steamboat and canal boom. e. the reluctance of shippers to move their products by road. 18. The major application for steamboats transporting freight and passengers in the United States was on a. New England streams. b. western and southern rivers. c. the Great Lakes. d. the Gulf ofmexico. e. coastal waterways. 19. Construction ofthe Erie Canal a. forced some New England farmers to move or change occupations. b. showed how long-established local markets could survive a continental economy. c. helped farmers so much that industrialization was slowed. d. was aided by federal money. e. created political tensions between the Northeast and the Midwest. 20. Compared with canals, railroads a. were more expensive to construct. b. transported freight more slowly. c. were generally safer. d. were susceptible to weather delays. e. could be built almost anywhere. 3
Name: 21. As a result ofthe transportation revolution a. division of labor became a thing ofthe past. b. New Orleans became an even more important port. c. each region in the nation specialized in a particular type of economic activity. d. self-sufficiency became easier to achieve for American families. e. the Midwest became the first industrialized region. 22. All of the following were legal questions raised as a result ofthe new market economy except a. how tightly should patents protect inventions? b. should the government regulate monopolies? c. can a democratic government still support slavery? d. who should own these new technologies? e. who should own the new transportation network? 23. Church attendance was still a regular ritual for ofthe 23 million Americans in 1850. a. one-third b. one-half c. three-fourths d. less than one-fourth e. two-thirds 24. Deists like Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin endorsed the belief a. in divine revelation. b. in original sin. c. in the deity of Christ. d. that a Supreme Being endowed human beings with a capacity for moral behavior. e. in the imminent end ofthe world. 25. By 1850, organized religion in America a. retained the rigor of colonial religion. b. was ignored by three-fourths of the people. c. had lost some of its austere Calvinist rigor. d. had grown more conservative. e. had become tied to the upper classes. 26. Unitarians endorsed the concept of a. the deity ofchrist. b. original sin. c. salvation through good works. d. predestination. e. the Bible as the norm of doctrine. 27. Religious revivals ofthe Second Great Awakening resulted in a. little increase in church membership. b. a strong religious influence in many areas ofamerican life. c. surprisingly few humanitarian reforms. d. greater attention to church history and doctrine. e. increase in enlightenment and rational religion. 4
Name: 28. The greatest of the revival preachers of the Second Great Awakening was a. Joseph Smith. b. Horace Greeley. c. Carl Schurz. d. Charles G. Finney. e. Angelina Grimke. 29. The Second Great Awakening tended to a. promote religious diversity. b. reduce social class differences. c. blur regional differences. d. discourage church membership. e. weaken women's social position. 30. The religious sects that gained most from the revivalism of the Second Great Awakening were the a. Roman Catholics and Episcopalians. b. Unitarians and Adventists. c. Methodists and Baptists. d. Congregationalists and Presbyterians. e. Lutherans and Mennonites. 31. Besides polygamy, a characteristic of Mormonism that angered many non-mormon Americans was their a. belief in visions and a special spiritual role for America. b. constant movement toward the western frontier. c. refusal to take up arms and defend themselves. d. voting as a unit and openly drilling their militia. e. dislike of federal government control of their lives. 32. The religious zeal of the Second Great Awakening I ed to the founding of many small, denominational, liberal arts colleges, chiefly in the a. East. b. South and West. c. North. d. South exclusively. e. West exclusively. 33. Tax-supported public education a. existed mainly for the wealthy. b. eliminated private and parochial education in the United States. c. began in the South as early as 1800. d. provided little opportunity for the poor. e. was deemed essential for social stability and democracy. 34. In the first half ofthe nineteenth century, tax-supported schools were a. chiefly available to educate the children ofthe poor. b. most in evidence in the South. c. continuously opposed by wealthy, conservative whites. d. open only to tuition-paying children of the well-to-do. e. more academically demanding than private academies. 5
Name: ----------------------- 35. One strong prejudice inhibiting women from obtaining higher education in the early nineteenth century was the belief that a. they would gain political and economic power through education. b. women were inherently conservative and opposed to social reform. c. children should grow up without the influence of educated women. d. the Constitution prohibited women from attending colleges. e. too much learning would injure women's brains and ruin their health. 36. Two areas where women in the nineteenth century were widely thought to be superior to men were a. physical strength and mental vigor. b. moral sensibility and artistic refmement. c. political ability and organizational shrewdness. d. sexual appetite and physical desire. e. economic competitiveness and capacity for education. 37. The excessive consumption of alcohol by Americans in the 1800s a. was not recognized as a social problem. b. did not involve women. c. held little threat for the family because everyone drank. d. had little impact on the efficiency of labor. e. stemmed from the hard and monotonous life of many. 38. One sign that women in America were treated better than women in Europe was that a. American women could vote. b. the law in the United States prohibited men from beating them. c. rape was more severely punished in the United States. d. their ideas of equality were well received by American men. e. American women earned respect by engaging in male activities. 39. By the 1850s, the crusade for women's rights was eclipsed by a. the temperance movement. b. the "Lucy Stoners." c. abolitionism. d. prison reform advocates. e. evangelical revivalism. 40. The beliefs advocated by John Humphrey Noyes included all of the following except a. no private property. b. sharing of all material goods. c. belief in a vengeful deity. d. strictly monogamous marriages. e. improvement ofthe human race through eugenics. 41. Which of the following was not associated with the early nineteenth-century cause of women's rights? a. Emily Dickinson b. Lucy Stone c. Lucretia Mott d. Elizabeth Blackwell e. Elizabeth Cady Stanton 6
Nallle: 42. Of the following, the most successful of the early-nineteenth-century communitarian experiments was at a. Brook Farm, Massachusetts. h. Oneida, New York. c. New Harmony, Indiana. d. Seneca Falls, New York. e. Shaker Heights, Ohio. 43. Match each individual below with his or her achievement. A. Thomas Jefferson 1. author of Little Women B. Gilbert Stuart 2. portrait artist from Rhode Island C. Louisa May Alcott 3. transcendentalist editor of The Dial D. Margaret Fuller 4. architect ofthe University ofvirginia a. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-l h. A-4, B-3, C-l, D-2 c. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4 d. A-4, B-2, C-l, D-3 e. A-I, B-4, C-2, D-3 44. Perhaps the greatest inhibiting factor for American artists in the first half of the nineteenth century was the a. lack of first-rate art schools. b. Puritan prejudice that art was a waste oftime. c. cultural dependence on Europe. d. lack of adequate patronage from the wealthy or the government. e. popular suspicion of artistic creativity. 45. A genuinely American literature received a strong boost from the a. wave of nationalism that followed the War of 1812. b. writing ofcharles Wilson Peale. c. religious writings ofthe Second Great Awakening. d. federal support for the arts. e. literary theories ofedgar Allan Poe. 46. Transcendentalists believed that all knowledge came through a. scientific observation and experiment. b. the senses. c. divine revelation. d. reason, logic, and critical thinking. e. an inner light. 47. "Civil Disobedience," an essay that later influenced hoth Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr., was written by the transcendentalist a. Louisa May Alcott. b. Ralph Waldo Emerson. c. James Fenimore Cooper. d. Margaret Fuller. e. Henry David Thoreau. 7
Name: 48. A dark writer whose genres included poetry, horror stories, and detective fiction was a. Edgar Allan Poe. b. Herman Melville. c. Sherlock Holmes. d. Emily Dickinson. e. William Faulkner. 49. The most noteworthy southern novelist before the Civil War was a. William Gilmore Simms. b. John C. Calhoun. c. James Russell Lowell. d. Oliver Wendell Holmes. e. William Faulkner. 50. Match each writer below with his work. A. Walt Whitman B. Edgar Allan Poe C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Ralph Waldo Emerson 1. The Scarlet Letter 2. The American Scholar 3. Leaves ofgrass 4. "The Fall of the House of Usher" a. A-3, B-2, C-I, D-4 b. A-I, B-3, C-4, D-2 c. A-I, B-4, C-3, D-2 d. A-4, B-2, C-I, D-3 e. A-3, B-4, C-I, D-2 8