Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism SERIES EDITOR: Ross C Murfin, Southern Methodist University NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE The Scarlet Letter Complete, Authoritative Text with Biographical, Historical, and Cultural Contexts, Critical History, and Essays from Contemporary Critical Perspectives SECOND EDITION EDITED BY Ross C Murfin Southern Methodist University Bedford/St. Martin's BOSTON NEW YORK
Contents About the Series v About This Volume vii PART ONE The Scarlet Letter: The Complete Text in Cultural Context Introduction: Biographical and Historical Contexts 3 The Complete Text [1850] 21 Contextual Documents and Illustrations 203 PERSONAL CONTEXTS 203 CEPHAS GIOVANNI THOMPSON, Nathaniel Hawthorne at Forty-six (1850) 205 s. A. SCHOFF, Portrait of Sophia Peabody 206 NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE, from Letter to Sophia Peabody (July 24 and 25, 1839) 207 NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE, from Letter to Sophia Peabody (August 8, 1839) 208 GEORGE RiPLEY,/row Letter to Ralph Waldo Emerson (November 9, 1840) 209 IX
CONTENTS GEORGiANA BRUCE KiRBY,/row Years of Experience: An Autobiographical Narrative (1887) 210 The Custom-House, Salem, MA 211 Political Guillotine (1848) 211 PURITAN CONTEXTS 212 ROBERT c. FORGET, Winthrop's New England, 1630-1649 214 ROBERT c. FORGET, Boston and Vicinity, 1630-1649 215 A. BOWEN, Plan of Boston in 1722 216 JOHN WINTHROP, from A Modell of Christian Charity (1630) 216 Portrait of John Winthrop 217 PELEG w. CHANDLER,/rom Trial of Anne Hutchinson (1844) 218 A., BOWEN, South East View of Boston 219 CALEB SNOW,/rom A History of Boston (1825) 221 ROBERT CALEF AND NATHANIEL CARY, from Account of Mrs. Cary's Examination for Witchcraft 222 Broadside Showing the Punishment of Seth Hudson in Boston (1762) 224 E. H. CHAPiN,/rom The Relation of the Individual to the Republic (1844) 225 INDIANS 227 Seal of the Massachusetts Bay Colony 230 John Eliot ("the Apostle") 231 A Page from John Eliot's Indian Bible 232 New-Englands Rarities Discovered (1672) 233 Early Colonial Captivity Scene 234 MARY ROWLANSON,/TO»» A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson (1682) 234 Title page of A True History of the Captivity & Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson (1682) 236 NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE, The Duston Family (May 1836) 239 Excerpt from the Writings of Henry Schoolcraft 240 ADULTERY 241 Laws Addressing Adultery, Massachusetts Bay Colony 242 JOHN WINTHROP, from The History of New England from 1630 to 1649 244 WILLIAM COBBETT, from Advice to Young Men (1831) 246 THE STATUS AND ROLE OF WOMEN 247 WILLIAM BLACKSTONE, from OfHusband and Wife (1765) 248 ALEXIS DE TOCQUEViLLE,/rom How the Americans Understand the Equality of the Sexes (1835) 249
CONTENTS XI CATHARINE BEECHER, from The Peculiar Responsibilities of American Women (1846) 251 Woman's Rights Convention, Seneca Falls Resolutions (July 19, 1848) 252 THE EDUCATION AND CUSTODY OF CHILDREN 253 Education Law, Massachusetts Bay Colony (June 14, 1642) 254 From Proceedings in the d'hauteville Case (1840) 254 CATHARINE BEECHER, from On the Management of Young Children (1846) 257 THE PUBLICATION OF THE SCARLET LETTER 258 NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE, Letter to James Fields (January 15,1850) 259 Title Page, First Edition of The Scarlet Letter (1850) 260 GEORGE H. BOUGHTON, Hester Prynne and Pearl at Governor Bellingham's Mansion with the Governor, John Wilson, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth (1908) 261 GEORGE H. BOUGHTON, Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Pearl on the Scaffold at Night, with Roger Chillingworth Below (1908) 262 NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE, Letter to James Fields (January 20, 1850) 263 NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE, Letter to Horatio Bridge (February 4, 1850) 263 E. A. DUYCKINCK, from The Scarlet Letter: A Romance (March 30, 1850) 264 ANNE ABBOTT, from Review of The Scarlet Letter {July 1850) 266 ORESTES BROWNSON,/row Review of The Scarlet Letter (October 1850) 267 ARTHUR c. COXE, from The Writings of Hawthorne (January 4, 1851) 268 PART TWO The Scarlet Letter: A Case Study in Contemporary Criticism A Critical History of The Scarlet Letter 273 Psychoanalytic Criticism and The Scarlet Letter 297 What Is Psychoanalytic Criticism? 297 Psychoanalytic Criticism: A Selected Bibliography 308
Xll CONTENTS A Psychoanalytic Perspective: JOANNE EEIT DIEHL, Re-Reading The Letter: Hawthorne, the Fetish, and the (Family) Romance 314 Reader-Response Criticism and The Scarlet Letter 331 What Is Reader-Response Criticism? 331 Reader-Response Criticism: A Selected Bibliography 343 A Reader-Response Perspective: STEPHEN RAILTON, The Address of The Scarlet Letter 348 Feminist and Gender Criticism and The Scarlet Letter 372 What Are Feminist and Gender Criticism? 372 Feminist and Gender Criticism: A Selected Bibliography 388 Feminist and Gender Perspectives: SHARI BENSTOCK, The Scarlet Letter (a)doree, or the Female Body Embroidered 396 The New Historicism and The Scarlet Letter 412 What Is the New Historicism? 412 The New Historicism: A Selected Bibliography 427 A New Historicist Perspective: BROOK THOMAS, Citizen Hester: The Scarlet Letter as Civic Myth 432 Combining Perspectives on The Scarlet Letter 462 LORA ROMERO, Homosocial Romance: Nathaniel Hawthorne 466 Glossary of Critical and Theoretical Terms 485 About the Contributors 505