34 The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is best known for its efforts to (1) develop workable alternatives to fossil fuels (2) bring Western oil technology to the Middle East (3) stop the export of oil to non-arab nations (4) establish production quotas to control the price of oil
38 Which statement about Shah Reza Pahlavi and the Iranian Revolution is an opinion rather than a fact? (1) Shah Reza Pahlavi was supported by major Western powers. (2) Members of the Islamic clergy opposed Shah Reza Pahlavi. (3) The primary cause for the revolution was the exile of Shah Reza Pahlavi s critics. (4) Supporters of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini overthrew Shah Reza Pahlavi.
37 The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was formed with the intent of (1) stabilizing the supply of oil to Japan (2) cutting off the supply of oil to the United States and its allies (3) increasing the supply of oil available for use within Middle Eastern countries (4) controlling the supply of oil to raise prices
38 Which issue is the focus of this 2004 cartoon? (1) global warming (3) ethnic tensions (2) global migration (4) nuclear proliferation
Base your answer to question 36 on the time line below and on your knowledge of social studies. 1917 Balfour Declaration 1948 State of Israel Created 1967 Six-Day War 1979 Camp David Accords 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980
36 Which region is directly associated with the events shown on this time line? (1) Latin America (3) Central Africa (2) Middle East (4) Southeast Asia
39 The main reason oil-producing states formed the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was to (1) promote foreign ownership of oil fields (2) lift economic sanctions and establish free trade (3) improve trade relations with the West (4) influence the price of oil and set production levels
40 Geopolitics play an important role in the Middle East today because of its (1) fertile soil and favorable climate for cash crops (2) navigable rivers and diamond mines (3) effective natural barriers and high altitude (4) strategic location and oil resources
42 The government of Ayatollah Khomeini attempted to change Iranian society by (1) implementing Islamic fundamentalist principles (2) extending political equality to women (3) allying with communist bloc countries (4) adopting a western economic system
47 One reason the Persian Gulf War (1990 1991) was fought was to protect (1) the agricultural interests of Southwest Asia (2) deposits of much of the world s oil supply (3) direct access to the Mediterranean Sea (4) British control of Saudi Arabia
33 A long-term effect of the Balfour Declaration on the Middle East was the (1) oppression of the Kurds by the government of Iraq (2) conflict between the Palestinians and the Israelis (3) strengthening of parliamentary rule in Turkey (4) establishment of a two-party system in Lebanon
38 Since the 1970s, the wealth of many Middle Eastern nations was increased by the (1) formation of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (2) expansion of Islamic fundamentalism (3) creation of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) (4) development of communes in Israel
34 His majesty s government views with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national homeland for the Jewish people... it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the religious and civil rights of existing non- Jewish communities in Palestine.... Lord Balfour, 1917 Which historical movement is most directly related to Lord Balfour s statement? (1) Pan Slavism (2) Organization for African Unity (3) Pan Africanism (4) International Zionism
32 A major goal of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in world affairs is to (1) encourage development of alternative energy sources (2) promote international free trade (3) provide funds for the World Bank (4) regulate oil policies
41 In August 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait. The United Nations response led to the Persian Gulf War of 1991. This response is an example of (1) détente (3) totalitarianism (2) empire building (4) collective security
40 A major source of the dispute between the Israelis and the Palestinians is that each side (1) wants to control oil resources in the area (2) has historic ties to the same land (3) believes in different interpretations of the same religion (4) has close military alliances with neighboring countries
Source: Jeff Koterba, Omaha World Herald, 2003 (adapted)
0 What is the main idea of this 2003 cartoon? (1) There are problems to resolve on the road to peace. (2) Colin Powell has removed the stumbling blocks to peace. (3) Both groups have reached agreement on the road map for peace. (4) The road to peace has been carefully mapped.
41 This 2003 cartoon illustrates the struggle between Palestinians and (1) Iraqis (3) Egyptians (2) Hamas (4) Israelis