AN ANALYSIS OF PURITANISTIC ELEMENTS IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE S THE SCARLET LETTER A PAPER WRITTEN BY STEFANUS NATANAEL SEMBIRING NIM : 102202032 UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDIES DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM MEDAN APRIL 2014
Approved by Supervisor, Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum NIP. 19630216198903 1 003 Submitted to Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Diploma III in English study program. Approved by Head of Diploma III English Study Program Dr. Matius C. A. Sembiring, M.A. NIP. 19521126198112 1 001 Approved by the Diploma III of English Study Program Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera As a Paper for the Diploma III Examination
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the D-III Examination of the Diploma III English Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera. The Examination is held on April 2014 Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera Dean, Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. NIP. 19511013197603 1 001 Board of Examiners Signature 1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. (Head of ESP) 2. Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M. Hum (Supervisor) 3...(Reader)
AUTHORS DECLARATION I, STEFANUS NATANAEL SEMBIRING, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except the reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree. No other person s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education. Signed :. Date : 2014 i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION Name Title of Paper Qualification Study Program : STEFANUS NATANAEL SEMBIRING : An Analysis Of Puritanistic Elements In Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter : D-III/ Ahli Madya : English I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the Librarian of the Diploma III English Department Faculty of Letters USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia. Signed : Date : 2014. ii
ABSTRACT This paper provides an anylysis about the negative impacts of putitanistic teachings as expressed in Nathaniel Hawthorne s novel The Scarlet Letter. The title itself implies cultural sense that scarlet means a warn of danger about the absolute teachings that man must be pure is so contrast with the reality of life. The main character s adultery, Hester and the preacher, Arthur, suggests the betrayal on the teaching because it results hypocricy and arrogance manner or behavior. The method applied in describing these phenomena is descriptive method of analysis. As the name suggests, the description is done by interpreting the text of the novel that is focused on arrogance and hypocricy behavior through the characters in the novel. The attitude of arrogance and hypocricy happens because man is afraid of telling the truth. This cowardice results an escape by pretending to be right in terms of hypocricy and arrogance. iii
ABSTRAK Paper ini memuat analisis tentang dampak negatif dari ajaran puritanisme melalui karya sastra novel Nathaniel Hawthorne yang berjudul The Scarlet Letter. Judul novel itu sendiri memaknai simbol budaya merah yang berarti bahaya karena ajaran puritan yang menuntut kemurnian perilaku tidak sesuai dengan realita kehidupan. Perselingkuhan yang terjadi antara Hester dan Arthur mengindikasikan penyangkalan terhadap ajaran tersebut karena memiliki pengaruh yang tidak baik dengan adanya perilaku kemunafikan dan keangkuhan dari pengikut aliran pruritanisme. Metode yang digunakan adalh deskriptif karena penomena kemunifakian dan keangkuhan digambarkan melalui interpretasi makna teks dari novel. Penomena ini terjadi karena manusia memiliki keterbatasan untuk berbuat kemurnian tindakan secara absolut dan untuk menutupi kebenaran yang ada dilakukan dengan sikap munafik dan angkuh. iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS For words. First of all, I would like to thank and praise to the God for blessing and giving me health, strength and ease to accomplish this paper as one of the requirements to get Diploma III certificate from English Department Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatera. Then, I would like to express a deep gratitude, love and appreciation to: My beloved parents, Drs. Aswan Sembiring, M.Si and Mantharia Bukit. Thank you for all your motivations, advices, prays, and loves for me. I present this paper for you. Dr. Matius C. A. Sembiring, M.A. as the Head of English Diploma Study Program, who gives me a lot of advice and knowledge. Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M. Hum. as my supervisor. Thank you for the valuable time in giving the correction and constructive critics in completing this paper. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. as the Dean of Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatera. All lectures in English Diploma Study Program for giving me advices and knowledge. My lovely sibling, Deci Kinita Sembiring, thank you for your motivation and support until I finished this paper. v
My Entire friends in Solidas (Student Of English Diploma Association). Thank you for the nice friendship during us together. My best friend: Andre, Horas, Basten, Habib, and Wahyu. Thank you for the nice friendship during our study. I will never forget your kindness to me and I will be missing the days we spent together. Finally, I do realize that this paper is still far from being perfect. Therefore, I welcome any constructive critics and suggestions towards this paper. I hope this paper will be a worthwhile for the readers. Medan, April 2014 The writer, Stefanus Natanael Sembiring Reg. No. 102202032 vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR S DECLARATION..i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION.ii ABSTRACT..iii ABSTRAK......iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...v TABLE OF CONTENTS...vii 1. INTRODUCTION..1 1.1 The Background of the Study. 1 1.2 The Problem of the Study...3 1.3 The Scope of the Study...3 1.4 The Purpose of the Study...3 1.5 The Significance...4 1.6 The Methodology..4 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE...6 2.1 Novel...6 2.2 Puritanism...8 3. A BRIEF VIEW OF PURITANISM..13 3.1 Belief and Practice......13 3.2 Puritanism in England...17 3.3 Puritanism in America...20 4. AN ANALYSIS OF NEGATIVE SIDE OF PURITANISM...24 4.1 Hypocrisy As The Negative Side of Puritanism...24 4.2 Arrogance As The Negative Side of Puritanism...31 5. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION...40 5.1 Conclusion...40 5.2 Suggestion...41 REFERENCES...42 APPENDICES.43 SUMMARY OF THE NOVEL...46 vii