C. Milner-Rose Anthropology 12&208 Quiz 4 Stein & Stein Religion, Magic, and Witchcraft Chapter 4 Chapter Four Ritual 1. A patterned act that involves the manipulation of religious objects is termed a: a. spell b. ritual c. sacrifice d. prayer 2. A prescriptive ritual is one that is: a. performed because of the will or desire of a deity b. associated with critical events in the life of an individual c. involved with an altered state of consciousness d. celebrated on a ritual calendar 3. A periodic ritual is one that is: a. performed because of the will or desire of a deity b. associated with critical events in the life of an individual c. celebrated on a ritual calendar d. involved with an altered state of consciousness 4. Examples of prescribed, periodic rituals include all of the following except: a. Diwali b. Quinceañeras c. Passover d. Ramadan e. Soyal Ceremony of the Hopi at winter solstice 5. A technological ritual is one that is involved with: a. controlling an aspect of nature such as bringing rain b. moving people into new social categories or statuses c. curing illness and death d. causing the death of an individual 6. Protective rituals are often found in situations: a. involving soul loss b. that involve the quest for food c. that are dangerous and unpredictable d. that involve a person s change in status 7. Yoruba taxi cab drivers will sacrifice an animal to the god Ogun. This is an example of a: a. hunting & gathering rite of intensification b. protective ritual c. therapeutic ritual d. rite of passage 1
8. Ideological rituals that reinforce community standards of behavior and community cohesiveness are: a. rites of passage b. social rites of intensification c. revitalization rituals d. salvation rituals 9. A regular Sunday morning Christian service would be classified primarily as a: a. rites of passage b. revitalization rituals c. social rites of intensification d. salvation rituals e. an opportunity to make an offering 10. An offering is: a. an economic exchange designed to influence the supernatural b. always the destruction of something people can easily do without c. the killing of an animal 11. The purpose of Aztec human sacrifice was based on the worldview that: a. only human flesh could adequately feed the royal family b. sacrificed humans buried in the fields would ensure a good harvest c. to avoid the end of the life of the Sun, it had to fed blood 12. Belief based causes of illness include: a. soul loss b. witchcraft c. spirit intrusion 13. The anthropological study of medicinal plants is part of: a. ethnobotany b. ethnomusicology c. anthrobotany d. medicobotany 14. The Navaho Blessing Way is performed, in part, to reestablish harmony with the universe so that an ill person might be cured of the illness. This is an example of a(n): a. technological ritual b. ideological ritual c. therapy ritual d. revitalization ritual 15. Navaho healing rituals commonly include: a. creating a sand painting b. taking hallucinogenic drugs c. spirit possession d. sacrificing sheep 16. A ritual that focuses primarily on the religious experience of the individual, such as possession, is called a(n): a. salvation ritual b. ideological ritual c. therapy ritual d. revitalization ritual 2
17. Rituals that mark an individual's changing statuses as he or she moves through life's various stages are called: a. rites of passage b. puberty rituals c. stage ceremonies d. change of life ceremonies 18. Among the!kung San of southern Africa the marriage ceremony involves the mock forcible carrying off of the bride from her parent s hut to a specially built marriage hut and the anointing of the bride with special oils and aromatic powders. This ritual can be classified as a: a. therapeutic ritual b. rite of intensification c. rite of passage d. technological ritual 19. Examples of rites of passage in American society would not include a: a. wedding ceremony b. funeral c. high school graduation d. Easter sunrise service 20. All of the following are phases of a rite of passage except: 21. The celebration or party following the religious or secular wedding ceremony is an example of that phase of a rite of passage known as: 22. When a Yanomamö girl begins to menstruate for the first time, she is isolated in a small room built along one side of the house. During the time of isolation, she must speak in whispers, not scratch herself, and is taught how to behave as a mature woman. That phase of a rite of passage is known as: e. deprivation 23. A characteristic of the state of liminality is: a. sexual continence b. sacredness c. absence of rank d. transitioning from one status to another e. all of the above 24. The rite of passage that revolves around the White Painted Woman is found among the: a. Yanomamö b. Apache c. Gururumba d. Haida 3
25. An example of a secular (nonreligious) rite of passage would be a: a. graduation ceremony b. fraternity initiation c. presidential inauguration 26. Physical alterations of the human body function to: a. separate and distinguish humans from nonhuman animals b. identify particular affiliations with certain groups c. mark completion of some type of ritual, including initiation rituals 27. Types of modifications of the human body seen in human societies include: a. modifying the shape of the skull by wrapping the child s skull with cord b. piercing a part of the body, such as lips or earlobes, and stretching the separated part c. cutting the foot and bending the foot back and binding it to create a very small foot d. tattooing and scarification e. all of the above 28. Examples of pilgrimages includes the: a. Islamic hajj b. Catholic journey to the Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe c. Huichol journey to Wirikuta 29. Among the Huichol the peyote cactus is thought to be the: a. bride of the devil b. sacrifice of the creator god c. footprint of the sacred deer d. food of the sun god 30. The Huichol journey: a. reenacts the journey of the Ancient Ones b. involves each person assuming the identity of a god c. includes the eating of peyote which enables the Huichol to see what the gods see 31. The term tabu refers to: a. objects and persons that are sacred b. objects and persons who possess potentially dangerous supernatural power c. inappropriate modes of human behavior 32. Mana can be thought of as: a. impersonal supernatural power b. food provide by the gods c. a technique for divination d. an hallucinogenic cactus 4
33. Orthodox Jewish food prohibitions are: a. based solely on health and nutrition concerns b. prescriptive and spelled out in the Torah c. concerned only with the prohibitions on eating pork True/False Questions 34. To observe the Sabbath is one of the Ten Commandments. Sabbath rituals are therefore prescribed rituals. 35. Reciprocity between humans and gods is often part of the worldview that underlies sacrifices and offerings. 36. Exorcism is used primarily for the cure of witchcraft. 37. In many societies there are religious obligations that often take the form of ritual, such as saying grace before each meal. 5