Medieval Art Or, the Hold of the Church St. Lawrence, 2/17/2017 Wednesday, September 19, 2012 Course Outline Early Christian/Byzantine Art Romanesque Art Gothic Art 1
313 Edict of Milan legalizes Christianity 320-327 St. Peter s Basilica 527-565 Justinian rule 547 Church of San Vitale 1000 Viking settlement in America 1000-1200 Romanesque art c. 1000-1100 St. Sernin 1095-1099 First Crusade 1122-1151 Suger, Abbot of St. Denis 1147-1149 Second Crusade 1150-1400 Gothic art c. 1100-1200 Chartres 1337-1453 100 Year s War 1378-1417 The Great Schism 17/02/2017 Key Notions -Apse -Contrapposto -Flat tint -Flying buttress -Illumination -Nave -Transept -Vault Timeline Early Christian (100-500) and Byzantine Art (500-1453) Source: 4 2
The Emperor Constantine Capitoline Museum, Rome Constantine with Sol Source: 9 Early Christian/Byzantine Roman basilica to church Christ as the Good Shepherd Meeting of 2 worlds Mosaics Old Basilica of St. Peter Rome, 324-354, 63 x 108 x 32 m 3
St. Paul Outside the Walls Detail of nave, Rome, 386; view of façade Source: 3 Early Christian/Byzantine Romanesque Gothic The Good Shepherd, Catacombs of Saints Pietro and Marcellino, Rome, 4th century Source: 2 Early Christian/Byzantine Romanesque Gothic Versions of The Good Shepherd Source: 2 Early Christian/Byzantine Romanesque Gothic 4
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus St. Peter, Rome, c. 359, Marble, 118 x 244 cm Source: 3 Early Christian/Byzantine Romanesque Gothic Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus Detail, Christ with Peter and Paul Source: 10 Early Christian/Byzantine Romanesque Gothic San Vitale Ravenna, 526-547; View of the apse Source: 3 Early Christian/Byzantine Romanesque Gothic 5
San Vitale: plan and capital Nave Apse Source: 3 & 7 Early Christian/Byzantine Romanesque Gothic Jesus Calling the First Apostles Sant Appollinare Nuovo, Ravenna, VI, detail of mosaic of north wall, Scala, Florence Source: 3 Early Christian/Byzantine Romanesque Gothic Sarcophagus of Theodorus Sant Appolinare, Ravenna, VII, Marble, 100 x 206 cm Source: 2 Early Christian/Byzantine Romanesque Gothic 6
Romanesque Art Or, Pilgrimages to Holy Sites Romanesque Art (1000-1200) Source: 4 St. Sernin, Toulouse, XI-XII Source: 4 7
St. Sernin: nave and plan Source: 3 Apocalyptic Christ Moissac, XII, 47,8 cm Source: 4 St. Peter Receiving the Keys Book of Periscopes of Henry II, 26 x 19 cm, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich Illumination Mainly manuscript drawing Flat tint (especially background) Fish eyes/flappy feet Little regard for space/depth Sculptural for fixed drama Emphasis over realism Source: 2 8
Gothic Art Or, Reaching for the Heavens Gothic Art (1150-1400) Source: 4 Chartres, Amiens, and Reims Source: 1 9
Robert de Luzarches, Amiens Cathedral XIII-XVI Source: 4 Amiens Cathedral: vaulted ceiling Rib vault Source: 4 The Last Judgment Central portal of west façade of Amiens, c. 1220-30 Source: 2 10
Anonymous, Chartres Cathedral, XII-XIII Source: 9 & 12 Chartres Cathedral: North Portal Source: 13 Chartres Cathedral: section Source: 4 & 11 11
Chartres Cathedral, Three tiers wall Source: 9 Chartres Vs. Vézelay Source: 9 Gothic Romanesque The Good Samaritan Window Chartes, XIII, Stained Glass Source: 2 12
North Rose Window The Glorification of the Virgin Chartes, XIII, Stained Glass Source: 9 Conclusion -Early Christian art blended the formal aspects of classical art with Christian content, then evolved into symbolic representation, dropping the classical form -Romanesque art returned to Roman aesthetics, namely the rounded arch, which involved buttressing, giving the works a massive and heavy presence -Gothic art lightened the structures by first relying on the pointed arch, which permitted higher vaults, then on stainedglass windows that gave the whole experience an otherworldly touch Suggested readings -Gombrich, The Story of Art, p. 103-109; 119-153 -Cleaver, Art, an Introduction, p. 136-178 -Fiero, The Humanistic Tradition, vol. 2. p. 17-35; 116-137 -Kleiner, Gardner s Art through the Ages, p. 301-322; 325-354; 447-518 13
Bibliography and Sources 1. Adams, Exploring the Humanities 2. Cleaver, Art, an Introduction 3. Fiero, The Humanistic Tradition, vol. 2 4. Kleiner, Gardner s Art through the Ages 5. Gombrich, The Story of Art 6. University Laval Course Notes 7. www.tripadvisor.com 8. loki.stockton.edu 9. www.wikipedia.com 10. www.religionfacts.com 11. www.panoramio.com 12. www.chaircreative.com 13. www.paradoxplace.com 14