Christianity, Islam, and Judaism UNIVERSAL RELIGION
Branch a large & fundamental division within a religion RELIGION Denomination a division of a branch that unites local congregations BRANCH BRANCH BRANCH Sect relatively a small group that broke away from an established church Denomination Denomination Denomination
Branch a large division within a religion CHRISTIANITY Denomination a division of a branch that unites local congregations ROMAN CATHOLIC PROTESTANTS EASTERN ORTHODOX Lutherans Baptist Methodist Sect relatively a small group that broke away Mormons Jehovah s Witnesses
IDENTIFY: -Christian Branches: - Christian Denominations: Where are...? -Mormons -Jehovah s Witnesses
Note: Western Hemisphere 90% are Christians!!
What is the # 1 practiced religion? CHRISTIANITY ** World s LARGEST religion world s largest universalizing religion Over 2 billion followers What is the #2 practiced religion? Islam
CHRISTIANITY - Belief JESUS Christ Born in Bethlehem Accepted Jewish laws but placed emphasis on love & compassion Miracles of healing Called the Messiah in 29 AD Christ s popularity threatened Roman authorities & Jewish leaders Ordered crucified by the Roman government Spread by Disciples of Jesus (missionaries) who shared his teachings (RELOCATION DIFFUSION) Christianity separates from Judaism
CHRISTIANITY Basic Information BELIEFS: Monotheistic JESUS Christ - Miracles of healing Called the Messiah Christ s popularity threatened Roman authorities & Jewish leaders Ordered crucified by the Roman government Resurrection Afterlife Forgiveness for sins Diffusion: @ 1 st RELOCATION DIFFUSION - spread by missionaries in Roman Empire Distribution: North America, South America, Europe & Australia Branches: Roman Catholic, Protestant, & Eastern Orthodox Worship in: Churches sanctified place
CHRISTIANITY American Christian Holidays EASTER THANKSGIVING CHRISTMAS
CHRISTIAN BRANCHES ROMAN CATHOLIC largest constituency (52%) 1. Teachings a. Bible b. Interpretation of teachings by Church hierarchy 2. Sacraments 7 EASTERN ORTHODOX (10%) 1. Split from Rome between rivalry of heads from Patriarchy of Constantinople + Pope different interpretations of divinity 2. Sacraments 7 3. Reject doctrines from Roman Catholic Church since 8 th century PROTESTANTISM (21%) 1. Martin Luther 95 Theses 3. Bible is religious source 2. Salvation from faith alone 4. Two Sacraments
First Split in Christianity, 1054 CE Western Roman empire = Roman Catholicism Rome Eastern Roman empire = Eastern Orthodox Constantinople *
CHRISTIANITY Basic Information 3 BRANCHES: Roman Catholic Protestant Eastern Orthodox Trinity Lutheran Church St. Walter Roman Catholic Saint Andrew Ukrainian Orthodox Church
Christian Branches in Europe Protestant denominations, Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodox.
Christian Branches in the U.S.
How is Religion seen in the Cultural Landscape? Sacred Places = Sacred Sites places or spaces people infuse with religious meaning * Considered a sanctified place (set aside for sacred use)
Sacred Sites 1. Bethlehem 2. Jerusalem a. Temple Mount - top of a modest hill where Abraham almost sacrificed his son, Isaac b. Church of Holy Sepulchre - tomb of Jesus Christ - Roman Emperor Constantine marked site with a basilica 3. St. Peter s Basilica in Vatican City, Rome - Where Peter s ashes are under the Papal alter & Pope s tombs NOTE: for Roman Catholics
ROMAN CATHOLIC: Vatican City Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage * Hierarchical Religion
ST. PETER S BASILICA * ROME, Italy VATICAN CITY
Roman Catholic Hierarchy in U.S. POPE Archbishop / Cardinal Bishop Priest The Catholic church divides the U.S. into provinces headed by archbishops. Provinces are divided into dioceses, headed by bishops.
Holy Name Cathedral
Cathedral of Florence (13 th -19 th Century) Duomo by Filippo Brunelleschi Baptistry doors by Lorenzo Ghiberti FLORENCE, ITALY
Sacred Landscapes of Christianity Catholic Churches * Located in the center of European cities, with spires reaching far above the other buildings. Protestant Churches - Singapore Church of England Church surrounded by Buddhists, Hindus, and Muslims
Protestant & Catholic Landscapes in the US Scandinavian Lutheran Church St. Mary s Catholic Church
How is Religion seen in the Cultural Landscape? orthodox Cathedral of Christ the Savior Eastern Orthodox highly ornate, domes