Grade:6 History and Civics Ch:9 The Gupta Empire Short Question Answers 1) What is the meaning of Lexicography? Ans The process of compiling dictionaries. 2) Who repulsed the Hun invasion? AnsSkandagupta. 3) Who wrote the Allahabad Pillar Inscription? AnsHarisen, the court poet of Samudragupta. 4) Give any one example of Metallurgical skill achieved during the Gupta Age. Ans Iron Pillar at Mehrauli. Long Question Answers 1) Briefly describe the conquests of Samudragupta. AnsSamudragupta, son of Chandragupta I, was the greatest ruler of the dynasty. His conquests are mentioned in Allahabad Pillar Inscrition composed by Harisena, the court poet. In the north, he defeated four powerful kings and numerous smaller kings. He defeated 12 rulers of the Deccan and far south. Samundragupta did not annexed this kingdoms because he felt that it would be difficult to control them from north. He defeated many kingdoms of the east such as Nepal, Assam and Bengal. The rulers had to accept his suzerainty and pay him a tribute. He also defeated the tribal republics in Punjab and Rajasthan. 2) Who was FaHien? Why is his visit important to us? AnsFaHien was a chinese pilgrim. He came to India to study the Buddhist scriptures. His vist is important to us as he wrote a detailed account of his stay in India and also about the different aspects of life under the Guptas. His account is a valuable source of information about the Gupta Dynasty. 3) Give a brief account of administration under the Guptas. Ans The king was the head of administration. All Gupta kings took grand titles to assert their supremacy. A council of ministers assisted the king in administrative matters. The empire divided into provinces each headed by a prince. Princes assisted by Kumaramatayas. Provinces divided into districts or vishayas. Smallest administrative unit was village. Gupta administration was fully decentralized. 4) Discuss the achievement of the Guptas in the field of art and architecture. Ans Gupta kings built many temples. Temples were simple structures, often consisting of just one room and image of deity. Famous temple like Dasavatara Temple (Deogarh) near Jhansi, at Bhittargaon Temple are beautiful. Various monasteries were built like in Ajanta, covered with paintings, depicting events from life of Buddha. The art of sculpture scaled new heights. Statue of the Seated Buddha from Sarnath is one of the finest example.
5) Shortnote on Literature and Science during Gupta period. AnsLiterature Gupta kings are patrons of Sanskrit literature. Greatest poet of the period was Kalidas(meghaduta, Ritusamhara). Other famous writer are Sudraka(Mrichchhakatika), Vishakhadutta(mudrarakshasa), Vishnu Sharma(Panchatantra). Many dictionaries were translated into different languages and compiled. Science The study of all branches of science particularly astronomy, mathematics, metallurgy and medicine flourished under the Guptas. 6) Samudragupta did not annex the kingdoms of the Deccan and the far south. Give Reason. AnsBecause these kingdoms were not annexed by Samudragupta as he felt that it would be difficult to control them from north. The rulers were asked to pay an annual tribute and accept Samudragupta as their overload. 7) Some historians refer to the Gupta period as the Golden Age of Indian history. Explain. AnsThe Gupta age was a very important period in the history. It was characterized by peace, prosperity, a spirit of religious tolerance and was marked by tremendous progress in different filed. Hence Gupta period is known as the Golden Age of Indian history. Short Question Answer 1) Harsha belongs to which dynasty? AnsPushyabhutis of Thaneswar. 2) Who was the first Chola ruler? AnsRajaraja I. CH: 10 India After the Guptas 3) How many assemblies were there in Chola village? Ans Two: ur and Sabha. 4) When did Hiuen Tsang come to India? AnsIn AD 630. Long Question Answer 1) What do you know an out Harsha s administration? Ans The king was the head of the administration. He was assisted by many ministers. The empire divided into provinces districts and villages. Administration was fully decentralized. Local officials took deceisions independently. The law and order situation deteriorated. The threat of severe punishments failed to bring down the crime rate. 2) Discuss Harsha s contribution to the promotion of education. AnsHarsha encouraged learning. He donated the revenue of 100 villages as financial support to the Nalanda University. Due to Harsha s patronage, Nalanda prospered and became a popular centre of lerning. He himself was a scholar and wrote three plays in Sanskrit that are Ratnavalli, Priyadarshia and Nagananda. His court had scholars such as Banabhatta and Subandhu.
3) Discuss developments in architecture and paintings during the Chalukya period. AnsArchitecture The chalukyas built beautiful stone temples and cave shines dedicated to Vishnu and Shiva at Vatapi, Aihole and Pattadakal. They also built a large number of Buddhist monasteries. Painting The art of painting on cave walls perfected under the chalukyas. A majority of the cave paintings at Ajanta were done during this period. One of these painting shows Pulakeshin II welcoming the ambassador of Persia to his court. 4) The Pallava rulers were patrons of learning. Explain. AnsThePallava rulers were patrons of learning. They encouraged Sanskrit language anf literature. Mahendravarman I was a good writer himself. King Simhavishnu invited the great Sanskrit poet Bharavi, to his court. Dandin, the author of Kavyadarsha lived during the reign of Narasimhavarman. 5) Write a short note on architecture and sculpture under the Chola Dynasty. AnsArchitecture Great temple builder. Donation money used for construction and maintenance of temples. Brihadesvara Temple is the finest example of Chola architecture dedicated to lord Shiva and built by RajarajaChola in 11 th century AD. It is also known as Rajarajeshvara Temple (now World Heritage Site). Sculpture The Chola excelled at making of images of gods and goddess. These images were either of stone or bronze, the latter being more popular. Bronze image of Lord Shiva as Nataraja- Lord of Dance. 6) Harsha made Kanauj his capital. Give Reason. Ans Because Kanauj being centrally located, helped Harsha to administer his empire better. Moreover, Harsha wanted to keep the power-centre of the empire away from the northwestern borders, where the Huns were a constant threat. 7) RajarajaChola built a strong navy. Give Reason. AnsBecause he realized that the vital roel is played by strong navy in strengthening Chola power. He also felt that control over the sea would help Chola to gain monopoly overtrade. Short Question answers 1) Name one Indus site in Gujarat. AnsLothal, Rangpur, Rojdi, Dholavira. CH: 3 The Indus Valley Civilization 2) What were the main cops cultivated by the Indus people? Ans Wheat and Barley. 3) From where the Indus people obtained copper and tin? Ans Mesopotamia. 4) What is the meaning of motif? Ans A design or pattern used as a decoration.
Long Question Answers 1) What are the sources that tell us about Indus Valley Civilization? Ans It is based on archaeological sources such as the granaries at Harappa, the Great Bath at Mohenjo-Daro and artifacts such as ornaments, pots, statues seals and so on. Its scripts has not yet deciphered and thus knowledge still lies hidden. 2) Describe the drainage system of the Indus cities. Ans An excellent and a well-planned drainage system characterized this civilization. The bathrooms had sloping floors and had drains which were connected to the Street drains. The kitchens also had drains connected to the main street drains. The main drains ran along the sides of the street. They were covered with bricks that they could be cleaned regularly. The great attention to hygiene and sanitation was looked after at that time. 3) What do you know about the religion of the Indus people? Ans No temples have been found in any of the Indus cities. The Great Bath may have boon a religious structure used for ritual bathing. Excavated articles suggest that people worshipped images. Clay figures of a female deity have been found at many places. This was probably the Mother Goddess. 4) What led to the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization? Ans Following factors led to the decline of Indus Valley Civilization: Natural Disaster such as earthquakes, floods and diseases. Change in the course of River Indus. Invasion by the Aryans or some other tribes. 5) Write a short note on Indus seals. Ans 2000 seals and more excavated. They are flat, square or rectangular in shape, made of clay, stone and copper and have human and animals figures. Probably used by merchants to stamp their goods. Seals inform us about the artistic skills, trade, contacts, dress, ornaments, religious beliefs and the script of the Indus people. Short Question Answer Ch:14 Local Self-Government in Urban Areas. 1) Who is the Chief Executive officer of Municipal Corporatiom? AnsMahapaur or Mayor. 2) Who appoints the Municipal Commissioner? AnsThe State Government. 3) How many total seats are reserved for women in Municipal Corporation. Ans One-third of the total seats are reserved for women. 4) For how many years is the Municipality elected? And For the term of Five years. Long Question Answers 1) What is a transitional area? Ans A Nagar Panchayat is set up for an area that is changing from rural to an urban type. This is called a transitional area.
2) Describe composition of a Municipality. And Composition Seats are reserved for members belonging to SC, STs. One third of the total no. of seats is reserved for women. Members of state legislature forms a part of Municipal Council. Experienced person also form a part of council. Elected for term of five year. The people 21 and above can contest election and people above 18 can vote for their representative. 3) What are the function of a Municipality and Municipal Corporation? Ans Both have similar functions: Compulsory functions are: To arrange for the collection and disposal of garbage. Drainage system properly maintained. Establish hospitals and dispensaries etc. Optional Functions To provide and maintain fire engines, museums, public parks and public toilets. To build night shelters, old age homes. To organize cultural events. 4) List any five sources of income of the Municipal bodies. AnsFolowingare the Sources of Income: Taxes on goods. Taxes on Land, Property. Vehicle tax. Education and entertainment tex. Annual Grants. Tax onprofessions. 5) Sometimes urban self-governing bodies are dissolved before their term is over. Give Reason. AnsBecause it may not be functioning effectively. In such a case, new member have to be elected within 6 month. So that term is completed. 6) Each form of local government in an urban area is separate and independent. Explain. Ans Towns and cities are large in size and a very large number of people live in them. The task of providing civic amenities is also complicated. Therefore, urban local governments are formed according to the size of a town or city. Short Question Answer CH: 15 Protecting Public Property 1) Which Act protect the monuments of India? Ans Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act of 1958. 2) What do you mean by public money? Ans Money that is paid by the people to the government in the form of various kinds of taxes. 3) What does the Archaeological Survey of India maintains? Ans Our Historical Monuments. Long Question Answer
1) What is Private property? Give two example. Ans Objects that we own and use in our daily lives are known as Personal property. And also called as Private property. Examples: Clothes, house, pen, pencil etc. 2) What is Public property? What is it also referred as? Ans Some things are owned collectively by the people of a country. For eg.:- roads, railways, bridges etc. these are all built with public money, that is the taxes we pay and is also used to maintain them. They are therefore called as Public property. As this property belongs to the whole nation it is also referred to as National property. 3) Why is it important to protect our school property? Ans It is important to protect our school property Because: It is meant for use by all students. Fees paid by students and grants received from government are used to maintain school p[property. Students scribble their names on desks and tear pages from library books in this way they are harming or destroying their own properties which belongs to them. Hence it is our duty to protect our school property. 4) Why is it important for us to protect our ancient monuments? Or 5) Historical monuments are important to us. Give Reason Ans It is important to protect our ancient monuments because: These are part of our rich heritage. They remind us of our glorious past and make us proud to be Indians. These increase our world heritage site and increases tourism in country. 6) It is important for all of us to protect public property. Give reason. AnsBecause they are built with public money that is from the tax we pay. If we destroy or damage the property we have to suffer its inconveniences.