Study Guide Chapter 11 Rome: Republic to Empire 1) republic: a form of government in which citizens elect their leaders 2) legion: large groups of Roman soldiers 3) patrician: the ruling class 4) plebeian: ordinary citizens 5) consul: head of government, usually with a limited term in office 6) veto: to reject 7) praetor: government officials who interpret the law and serve as judges 8) tribune: an elected official who protects the rights of ordinary citizens 9) dictator: a person granted absolute power 10) civic duty: the idea that citizens have a responsibility to help their country 11) latifundia: large farming estates 12) triumvirate: three rulers who share equal political power 13) Pax Romana: Roman peace 14) Proconsul: governor Key Vocabulary Terms: Page 1
Lesson 11-1 Study Guide: The Founding of Rome Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Italy has attracted settlers for thousands of years because of its a. central location and climate b. isolation. c. plentiful rainfall and thick forests d. rugged mountains. 2. Traditional legend says that Romulus and Remus founded the city of a. Aeneas. b. Latium. c. Rome. d. Sicily. 3. The Etruscans were skilled in a. building aqueducts b. gymnastics c. making pottery. d. metalworking. 4. The Romans overthrew which group and set up the republican form of government where people were treated fairly? a. Etruscans b. Greeks c. Latins d. Tarquins 5. In addition to having a strong army, the Romans also a. ruled with extreme harshness. b. ruled ineffectively. c. ruled wisely and effectively. d. ruled with no concern to those they conquered. Page 2
Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. A. Apennines B. Etruscans C. legion D. republic E. Roman Confederations 6. a form of government in which its citizens vote for its leader 7. a system that gave conquered some peoples, such as the Latins full Roman citizenship 8. a people that played a major role in shaping Roman civilization 9. a mountain range that runs the length of Italy 10. a group of 6,000 soldiers 11. Describe the story of Romulus and Remus. 12. Describe the influence of the Etruscans on early Rome. Page 3
13. How did the earliest Romans treat conquered people, and why did the Romans treat them this way? 13. Describe how Italy s geography made it suitable for settlement and attractive to visitors. Page 4
Lesson 11-2 Study Guide: Rome As a Republic Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The ruling class and top officials of the Roman Republic were the a. artisans. b. patricians. c. plebeians. d. shopkeepers. 2. In 494 B.C. what did many Roman plebeians do to protest for equal rights? a. burned government buildings b. moved to another country c. stopped paying taxes d. went on strike 3. The best-known early Roman dictator of the Republic was a. Cincinnatus. b. Livy. c. Remus. d. Romulus. 4. Adopted around 451 B.C., Rome s first code of law was called the a. Forum. b. New Roman Law. c. Rule of Law. d. Twelve Tables. 5. Whom did Rome fight in the Punic Wars? a. Carthage b. Greece c. Sicily d. the Phoenicians Page 5
Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. A. dictator B. patrician C. plebeian D. Scipio E. veto 6. a ruler with complete control over the state 7. a wealthy landowner 8. Roman general who helped win the Second Punic War 9. the Latin word for I forbid 10. an artisan, shopkeeper, or owner of a small farm 11. How does Roman justice influence the American legal system today? 12. Why were the Punic wars fought? Page 6
13. Describe the First Punic War. 14. Describe the Second Punic War. 15. Describe the Third Punic War 16. What significance did the Twelve Tables have? 17. Although the Twelve Tables supported the ideal that all free citizens had the right to be treated equally, how do these laws compare to today s standards? Page 7
Lesson 11-3 Study Guide: The End of the Republic Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. They were brothers who fought to bring reforms to the early Republic. a. Antony and Marcus b. Marius and Sulla c. Pompey and Crassus d. Tiberius and Gaius 2. Rome s lower classes saw Julius Caesar as a a. bad leader. b. hero. c. landowner. d. priest. 3. One reform of Julius Caesar s that still affects us today is the move to accept a/an a. economy that ends the use of slave labor. b. military-run government. c. public jobs program. d. 12-month calendar. 4. The members of Rome s Second Triumvirate were Lepidus, Antony, and a. Cincinnatus. b. Cicero. c. Cleopatra. d. Octavian. 5. The political leader Cicero called for a representative government with limited powers and was against a. citizenship rights. b. dictators. c. republican government. d. the Greeks. Page 8
Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. A. Actium B. Brutus C. latifundia D. Julius Caesar E. triumvirate 6. a large farming estate 7. the battle in which Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra 8. a senator who planned to kill Caesar 9. a political alliance of three people 10. military hero and Rome s most famous leader 11. What were some of the problems that existed in the Roman Republic that allowed the Republic to fail and become an Empire instead? Page 9
12. Describe the rise of Julius Caesar. 13. How did the Second Triumvirate lead to Rome becoming an Empire? Page 10
Lesson 11-4 Study Guide: Rome Builds an Empire True / False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Hadrian was a good emperor who helped improve Roman cities. a. True b. False 2. During the Pax Romana, Rome experienced a serious decline in its power. a. True b. False 3. Augustus created a permanent professional army to protect the empire. a. True b. False 4. The five good emperors were Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Pius, and Aurelius. a. True b. False 5. Caligula, Tiberius, and Pompey are known as the Julio-Claudian emperors. a. True b. False Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 6. The reign of Augustus began a long era of a. civil war. b. conflict. c. discontent. d. peace and prosperity. 7. This cruel emperor murdered many people and appointed his horse as consul. a. Caligula. b. Claudius. c. Nero. d. Tiberius. 8. Emperor Vespasian began construction of this famous Roman sporting site. a. Hadrian s Wall b. Mount Vesuvius c. the aqueduct d. the Colosseum Page 11
9. Under Emperor Trajan, the Roman Empire s European boundaries were set at a. Britain in the northwest and Mesopotamia in the east. b. Britain in the east and Mesopotamia in the northeast. c. Ireland in the northeast and Mesopotamia in the east. d. Ireland in the east and Mesopotamia in the northeast. 10. The most important element in Rome s strong economy was a. agriculture. b. glassmaking. c. metalworking. d. pottery. 11. What reforms did Augustus make? Page 12
Chapter 11 Review (Lessons 1-4) True / False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Many Etruscan frescoes show people enjoying music or dance. A) True B) False 2. Civic duty is the idea that citizens have the responsibility to help their country. A) True B) False 3. Roman soldiers were poorly trained and disciplined. A) True B) False 4. The heel of Italy s boot shape points to Sicily. A) True B) False 5. Augustus rebuilt many of Rome s buildings in marble to reflect its grandeur, or elegant greatness. A) True B) False Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. A) Aeneid B) frescoes C) First Punic War D) Sulla E) Third Punic War 6. started when Rome fought for control of Sicily 7. Etruscan wall paintings 8. legend about the founding of Rome by Virgil 9. Rome finally destroyed Carthage 10. hoped that his reforms would restore Rome to its earlier glory Page 13