Chapter 2: ARTICLE S Indefinite A/AN A book (any one book) An inkpot (any one inkpot) An apple/an IAS/An umbrella An x-ray/an idea A European/A useful idea/a university/a year A hotel/an ear/an MP/AN MLA An NCC officer Definite THE The book (a particular book) The inkpot (a particular inkpot) The (apple/ias/umbrella/xray/idea) specific. The (European/useful idea/university/year) specific. The (hotel/ear/mp/mla) The NCC officer Conclusion A/An/The can be used before any common/countable noun, A/An for singularity and the for specificity. Fixed rules of article The: There are a number of things before which article the is used as a fixed rule or general acceptance.
At least these rules should be taken into account... The used before Omitted before. Himalayas/Alps (chain of mountains) Superlative Adjectives (best/most/intelligent) Proper Nouns (Ram/ Shyam/ India etc.) Abstract Nouns (Honesty/charity/mercy) Rivers (Ganga/Nile) Asia (continents) Oceans (Pacific/Indian) Countries (India/Pakistan) Heavenly bodies (Earth/Moon/Stars ) States (UP/Bihar) Deserts (Sahara/Thar) Revolutions (Freedom struggle/french revolution) Dynasties (Mughal/Slave) Musical Instruments (Table/Guitar) Localities (Hazaratganj/ civil lines) Names of seasons (summer/winter/autmn/spring) Names of diseases/medical conditions (Flu/Anxiety/Coma/Death) Names of conditions (illness/life/old age/absence/ presence)
Ordinals (1 st /2nd) Names of metals(gold/copper/iron) Names of countries with union states(usa/ussr/uae/uk) Bay/gulfs (The bay of Bengal/Gulf of Mexico) In general/universal sense (society/man/woman) Man is mortal. Society has corruption. Individual peaks(mt. Everest/Mt. Abu) Imaginary lines dividing the globe (The equator/the tropic of Capricorn) Geographical directions(the east/the west) Religious books/epics (The Veda /The Geeta/The Mahabaharata etc.) The branches of Government (The executive/legislature etc.) Historical monuments (The Taj/The Lal kila) The + NOUN + of + NOUN (The Bay of Bengal)
Exercises Q1. Ganga is one of the most sacred rivers of the world. Q2. I want you to return from your office before the sunset. Q3. He is very weak in geography and you can very well figure it out from this fact that he doesn t even know where Himalayas lie. Q4. People in this area are not at all interested in studying English. Q5. Economic development of our country is slow because of the vast population of our country. Q6. Out of all the oceans, Arctic Ocean is the least explored. Q7. He has been elected the president by the board. Q8. The Life is a very complex process and that s why it is very hard to understand its nature. Q9. He came to my residence at nine pm by the taxi. Q10. The dinner we had at the Taj was really good and I still remember the taste of the food.
Answers Ans 1 : Add the before Ganga. Ans 2 : remove the before sunset. Ans 3 : add the before Himalayas. Ans 4 : add the before people here. Ans 5 : add the before economic. Ans 6 : add the before arctic. Ans 7 : remove the before president. Ans 8 : remove the before life. Ans 9 : remove the before taxi. Ans 10 : No Error.
Vocabulary Help: Sentences uses The government s bank bailout program was a real help to the automobile industry. (Fund given by govt.to help at the time of recession) Most of the banks are not eco-friendly and they leave an enormous carbon footprint. (Impression). GREEN BANKING IN INDIA with Sustainable development has emerged as a new paradigm (new class/example) of development in response to the current discourse (expression/discussion) of development that over-exploits natural environment for economic prosperity. Encouraging environmentally responsible investments and prudent (careful and sensible) lending should be one of the responsibilities of the banking sector. Further, those industries which have already become green and those, which are making serious attempts to go green, should be accorded (granted/allowed) priority to lending by the banks. www.bankersguru.org