Chapter 14: Civilization in Eastern Europe: Byzantium and Orthodox Europe Chapter 15: A New Civilization Emerges in Western Europe Chapter 16: The Americas on the Eve of Invasion Read Chapters 14-16 from your textbook. Answer the following short answer and multiple choice questions based on the readings in the space provided. Chapter 14: 1. Compare and contrast the spread of European civilization in eastern and western Europe. 2. What was the political organization of the Byzantine Empire? 3. What were the factors in the decline of the Byzantine Empire? 4. In what ways was the culture of Kievan Russia an extension of the Byzantine Empire? 1
Chapter 15: 1. What were the positive signs of vitality associated with the Middle Ages? 2. Define manorialism and feudalism. How do they provide the building blocks for medieval political structure and society? 3. What were the characteristics of feudal monarchy as demonstrated in France and England between 1000 and 1300? 4. How did the theological outlook of western Europe change between 1000 and 1400? 5. What were the developments that led to increases in monarchic power at the end of the Middle Ages? How was royal authority limited? 2
Chapter 16: 1. In what ways did the Aztecs continue the culture of the classical Mesoamerican civilization and the Toltecs? 2. Describe Aztec social organization. 3. Compare and contrast the Inca and Aztec empires in terms of political administration. 4. How did the Indian cultures outside the Andean and Mesoamerican civilization zones contrast in political and social organization with the Aztec and Inca empires? 5. How have historians explained the existence and prevalence of human sacrifice among the Aztecs? 3
Multiple Choice: Chapter 14: 1) Which of the following is seen as a direct continuation of the eastern portion of the Roman Empire? A) Frankish Empire B) Ottoman Empire C) Byzantine Empire D) Abbasid Empire 2) The Byzantine Empire lasted from A) 500 to 1450. B) 200 to 1200. C) 300 to 1700. D) 700 to 1650. 3) Which of the following was the capital of the Byzantine Empire? A) Venice B) Rome C) Constantinople D) Athens 4) What was the main religion of the Byzantine Empire? A) Islam B) Judaism C) Hinduism D) Christianity 5) What country was particularly influenced by Byzantine civilization? A) Italy B) The Middle East C) Russia D) Poland Chapter 15: 1) The post classical period in Western history between the fall of the Roman Empire and the 15th century is referred to as the A) Middle Ages. B) Renaissance. C) Age of Discovery. D) Baroque. 2) In which of the following ways was the medieval West NOT like other civilizations? A) The medieval period saw the spread of civilization outside the Mediterranean zone core region to new areas in northern Europe. B) New religious beliefs accompanied the spread of civilization. C) The medieval West remained culturally backward. D) Western Europe participated in the emerging international community. 3) Which of the following statements concerning the impact of Christianity on polytheistic religions in western Europe is most accurate? A) Christianity eradicated all traces of those earlier religions as the new religion became universal in western Europe. B) The process of conversion produced a religious amalgam in which beliefs in magic and supernatural spirits coexisted with Christianity. C) Although Christianity made inroads, many areas of Europe retained polytheistic beliefs and rejected the new religion. D) Small islands of polytheistic belief remained, but Christianity eradicated belief in magic and spirits wherever the new religion was accepted. 4) Medieval backwardness in western Europe accounts for A) the failure of the medieval West to establish centralized governments. B) the inability of the West to establish trade contacts with the larger world commercial network. C) the refusal of the West to adopt technologies and knowledge from other civilizations. D) the anxiety of the West about the more powerful Muslim world. 5) Following the fall of Rome, where was the center of the postclassical West? A) In the former Roman colony of Spain B) In Italy, particularly Rome C) In the central plain of northern Europe: France, the Low Countries, and southern and western Germany D) Greece Chapter 16: 1) During the post classical period, societies in the Americas A) remained in relative isolation from the other centers of world history. B) experienced the initial contacts that led eventually to European invasion of the New World. C) failed to develop imperial forms of government, a failure that mirrored European society. D) were united under a single government. 2) Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of Aztec civilization during the post classic period? A) Large cities based on elaborate political and economic organization B) Elaborate cultural systems C) Monotheism D) Highly developed agriculture 3) The northern nomadic peoples who entered central Mexico following the decline of Teotihuacan and established a capital at Tula in 968 were the A) Aztecs. B) Incas. C) Olmecs. D) Toltecs. 4) The Aztec capital was established at A) Teotihuacan. B) Tula. C) Tenochtitlan. D) Twantinsuyu. 5) What was the relationship between the Toltecs and their predecessors in central Mexico? A) The former residents of central Mexico were wiped out during the Toltec invasions. B) The entry of the Toltecs into central Mexico marks an abrupt break in the cultural development of the region. C) The Toltecs adopted the animistic religion of their predecessors, but failed to develop cities or ceremonial centers. D) The Toltecs adopted many cultural features from their predecessors to which they added a strong military ethic and human sacrifice. 4
Create a list of concepts and definitions that you need to know: TERM/NAME Definition Memory Clue Page # 5