International Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences IJBAS-IJENS Vol:10 No:06 64 Relationship Between Universal Religious and Moral Norms and Attitudes Towards Ecological and Demographic Development Aspects (Selfstatement of Students in Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina) 1 Prof.dr.sc.Edina Vejo, 2 Dr.sc.Nataša Mirolović-Vlah 1 Department of Social Pedagogy at the Islamic Pedagogical Faculty,University in Zenica (Bosnia and Herzegovina) 2 University in Rijeka (Croatia) Abstract-- This paper scientifically discusses the possible connection between religious norms and decision-making processes and behaviors related to environmental quality.this research belongs to the modern trend of changes in the study of religion, which examines the correlates of religiosity.theoretical basis of research is the idea of environmental ethics, the theory of sustainable development and concept of value-rational morality. The goals were: first, to determine whether there is a connection between universal religious norms partialisation influence age and sex, and second, whether there is a correlation between attitudes towards ecological and demographic aspects of the development of religious and moral norms. The sample was stratified, second year students at the University of Zenica, distributed by age, sex and study section of respondents. Measuring instruments used in research are a set of variables according to some aspects of social and ecological development (1) and questionnaire for students of socio-developmental, ethical, and interpersonal relations. The study results confirmed the hypotheses and the open question of the character of religious education in Bosnia and Hercegovini.This research initiates further research which should explore the conceptual and methodological possibilities of developing religious education in order to support the person's intrinsic religiosity. 1. INTRODUCTION The idea of environmental ethics, which "arises out of necessity as a result of deteriorating global environmental objective and the one on the other hand, as the needs of different paradigmatic approach to development and the environment" (2) can be found in the most cited definition of sustainable development: Humanity has the ability to make development sustainable - to ensure it meet its needs in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs (6). Over the past 20 years through the expanded definition of the definition of that, except for natural resources, can develop the people, economy and society. Development of values and goals of sustainable development have been formulated in many papers around the world and relate to the implied responsibility and permanent fostering entire life on Earth. Religiosity as a form of spirituality significantly participates in the contemporary idea of ecologicalethic. The question of the survival of the world is not just a material but also spiritual in nature. Epistemological changes, first in 20th century in physics, and then in a total of sciences, developed the principle of complementarity: Accept the fact that the (complete) interpretation of the same issues may require different views that do not allow a unique description,is Bohr's complementary view of the world. Religiosity participate in the totality of human life, and therefore affects a person's understanding of and attitude towards their environment. We found no studies that have direct relation between the research put religious norms, and ecological and demographic aspects of behaviour.this research is an indicator of the modern trend of religious studies in which the emphasis is on exploring the correlates of religiosity, in this case, ecological and demographic. The purpose of the research is to provide scientific support for establishing the connection between some religious moral standards with the adoption of specific behaviors and decisions concerning the environmental quality of life. 2. RESEARCH'S GOAL The first research goal is to investigate the relationship between universal religious moral standards partialisation influence age and sex. Another goal of the research is to determine the relationship between attitudes towards some environmental and demographic aspects of development on the one hand, and some religious moral standards on the other side. As I set two goals of the research hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: There is a correlation between religious universal moral norms partialisation influence age and sex.
International Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences IJBAS-IJENS Vol:10 No:06 65 Hypothesis 2: There is a correlation between attitudes towards some environmental and demographic akpektima development of universal religious and moral norms. It is assumed that attitudes was presented by its behavioral component implies the intent of future behavior of students as creators of political, economic, ecological, etc., and above all the educational framework of social development. Universal moral norms are observed through a set of variables selected for this study. In addition, the universal religious moral beliefs have a limited scope because in addition to these, there are moral beliefs that are not necessarily religious, or religion may be an important influence on their formation, but are for individuals who are not necessarily religious. This study did not measure this aspect, although we believe that he is relevant to the topic. 3. METHOD 3.1.Sample In this group stratified sample, participants in the study were second-year student at the University of Zenica. Table I Distribution of respondents by age Year Aps. % 18-19 8 3,9 19-20 80 39,4 20-21 67 33,0 21-22 20 9,9 Older than 22 28 13,8 Table II Distribution of respondents by gender Total 203 100,0 Gender Aps. % Male 101 49,8 Female 102 50,2 Total 203 100,00
International Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences IJBAS-IJENS Vol:10 No:06 66 Table III Distribution of respondents according to the study direction Study direction Aps. % Study CRE 14 6,9 Study of Social Pedagogy 72 35,5 Study of English language 29 14,3 Study of classroom teaching 26 12,8 Study of mathemtics and computer science 5 2,5 Study of German language 27 13,3 Studij B/H/S language and vol. 30 14,8 Total 203 100,0 3.2. The first instrument that was used in this study is a set of variables on attitudes towards some aspects of social and ecological development (Cifrić, 1994). For a total of 35 statements were offered to answer Likert-type: 1 strongly disagree, 2 disagree, 3 I have no opinion about it, 4 I agree, 5 I totally agree. In this paper we use results previous work of this project (Vejo, Vlah, 2008) in which the factor analysis was performed in which the derived five major Fator who explain the latent space of observed variables. And now we are using Catell's scree test, the extract of the same five factors were then rotated Varimax solution. Factors explain 36.18% of the common factor variance. Factors are as follows: F1: The responsibility of managing the development of exogenous parameters F2: The naive optimism in the understanding of planetary resources. F3: Ecological sensibility. F4: Restrictive attitude toward the demographic dimension. 3.3.The second instrument Data were collected in December 2007. The voluntary and anonymous group by filling out a single questionnaire "Questionnaire for students - the development of social, ethical and interpersonal relations." Before presenting views on universal moral religious beliefs in the students an introductory survey said they are examining the moral principles or cognitive-biheivioralni patterns that can be found expressed in different forms in the oldest monuments of human history as God's Ten Commandments, the Sermon on the Mount Prophet Jesus, the recommendations of Prophet Muhammad, every man, be he religious or not has its own attitude toward each of these topics and that is not to judge who is an attitude that is not correct. The second questionnaire measuring instrument of moral beliefs - mind makes a set of 10 particles of variables that measure attitudes toward cognitive-behavioral forms of moral convictions arising from the three world religions (as Pajević, and I Hasanovic, M., 2007)(12) but the direction of evaluating responses remained the same as in the original questionnaire. Answers are provided for all except UMU5, UMU7 8 and mind were as follows: 1 not disagree, 2 disagree, 3 I can not decide, 4, I agree, 5 I totally agree. When UMU5, UMU7 and mind 8 answers have evaluated in the opposite direction. Ultimately, all variables is higher estimates of agreement of respondents in line with higher values. These are the following particles. UMU1-correct belief in one God is the greatest value that a man may have UMU2-parents should be respected, to observe and assist UMU3-Artificial termination of pregnancy (abortion) without a valid medical reason is not far from the murder of helpless and innocent people UMU4-Sexual pleasure should be sought only in the legal marriage between a man and a woman UMU5-fact, it is wise to be honest and insist on truth and justice UMU6-Man should be used only profit gained its own efforts
International Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences IJBAS-IJENS Vol:10 No:06 67 UMU7-law prescribes the death penalty, not even in some cases justified UMU8-civilized society is the appropriate restriction of sexual freedom UMU9-The lies have short legs UMU10 - always should stay away from intoxicants (alcohol, drugs) 4. RESEARCH'S RESULTS Table IV Two way universal correlation between the religious and moral beliefs of some ecological and demographic akpects along partiality of development with age and sex UMU1 UMU2 UMU3 UMU4 UMU5 UMU6 UMU7 UMU8 UMU9 UMU10 UMU1 1 UMU2,329** 1 UMU3,254**,228** 1 UMU4,424**,188*,445** 1 UMU5,054,250**,228**,022 1 UMU6,259**,178*,164*,228**,115 1 UMU7 +,125,041 -,130 -,136,065 -,076 1 UMU8,290**,076,248**,439**,117,152* -,071 1 UMU9,216*,238**,196*,237**,113,117 -,043,044 1 UMU10,277**,240**,462**,457**,040,307** -,175*,201*,237** 1 F1 +,202*,047,127,007,072,093,099,000,067,112 F2,009,007,046,019,039 -,047,073 -,045,057 -,082 F3,021,134 -,087 -,100 -,130,014 -,031 -,044,056 -,026 F4,161*,139*,367**,248**,026,191* -,035,188*,227**,189* F5 +,011 -,037,011 -,009 -,122 -,066,088 -,203* -,090 -,104 Note: *p<,05; **p<,01; N=203 According to the results from Table IV shows that the variables of mind, the partiality of gender and age, there are three two-way correlation. The belief that proper belief in one God is the greatest value that a man can have a positive correlation with all other beliefs but two (in fact it is wise to be honest and insist on truth and justice, the Law prescribed the death penalty was not even in some cases justified). It is the belief in positive correlation with the responsibility of management of exogenous parameters of development and environmental sensitivity. The belief that parents should be respected, to observe and assist,is in positive correlation with all other beliefs than the two (the Act prescribes the death penalty was not even justified in some cases, a civilized society is the appropriate restriction of sexual freedom). Also positively correlated with environmental sensitivity. The belief that the artificial termination of pregnancy is positively correlated with all other convictions except one (the Act prescribes the death penalty was not even justified in some cases). Stated belief was positively related with ecological sensitivity.
International Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences IJBAS-IJENS Vol:10 No:06 68 Certificate under which sexual pleasure should be sought only in the legal marriage between a man and a woman is positively related to all other convictions except one again with the same (the Act prescribes the death penalty was not even justified in some cases). This belief was positively related with ecological sensitivity. The belief that it is actually wise to be honest and insist on truth and justice is not, except so far as those described, except the first, nor with any other conviction in a statistically significant correlation. This conviction is not a statistically significant connection with any environmental and demographic akpektom development. belief according to which man should be used only acquired its own profit effort is positively related to all other beliefs except two (the Act prescribes the death penalty is not even justified in some cases, the lies have short legs). It is the belief in positive relation with environmental sensitivity. The belief according to which the law prescribes the death penalty is not even justified in some cases, only in a statistical significant relationship and to the negative with the conviction that it always should stay away from intoxicants (alcohol, drugs). This conviction is not statistically significantly related to any environmental and demographic aspect of development. The belief that a civilized society is the appropriate restriction of sexual freedom is positively associated with five convictions as these four is: The parents should be respected, to observe and assist, in fact it is wise to be honest and insist on truth and justice, the Law prescribes the death penalty is not even in some cases justified, the lies have short legs. This belief was positively related with environmental sensitivity, and negatively correlated with restrictive attitude towards the demographic dimension. Certificate under which lies a short leg is positively related to all beliefs except with this: Actually it is wise to be honest and insist on truth and justice, we should use the profits gained solely own efforts, the Act prescribes the death penalty is not even in some cases justified, civilized society is the appropriate restriction of sexual freedom. This belief was positively related with ecological sensitivity. The tenth belief according to which one should always stay away from intoxicants (alcohol, drugs) was positively related with seven convictions. With a conviction was related negatively (the Act prescribes the death penalty, not even in some cases justified), as a conviction is not related (in fact it is wise to be honest and insist on truth and justice). It was positively related with ecological sensitivity. 5. CONCLUSION The discussion starts from the fact that education reflected the nature of social consciousness in particular historical snippet in a particular community of people.capacity of religious knowledge in a community, its contradictions, paradoxes and limits are automatically accompanied by the absence of critical reception entered into religious education. Question the meaningfulness of the world and the future of today's development.on thus are increasingly reaching out to the area of general values and goals of society, therefore, endogenousfactors.there are the first steps of starting of new world's view to which all the significant intellectual force direct.the mind as the backbone of the rational action becomes apparent insufficient force gets the concept of value-moral rationality. In conclusion, mention that both hypotheses are confirmed by the results of research.that encourages further investigation of correlates of religiosity.in the same time, the results obtained open up the need for further research and research-intensive nature of religious education.because,the lack of understanding of traditional by measure of its inspiration and vitality,as well as the misunderstanding of contemporary as the best answer because it is cronologically the last are not the support to a young person in receiving an identity in the culture to which one belongs(10). It is oppened the basic question: Is religious education in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the function of extrinsic or intrinsic religiosity? And another question: How to development, conceptual and methodological, religious education in the direction of developing intrinsic religious person? REFERENCES [1] Cifrić,I.(1994.): Napredak i opstanak.razvoj i okoliš.zagreb [2] Cifrić,I.(2000): Bioetika i ekologija. 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