The Rise and Impact of Islam Origins of Islam Muhammad (founder), Allah sent him an angel, Gabriel Muhammad was told he is a messenger. Islam: submission to the will of Allah in Arabic Muslim: one who has submitted 1
Beliefs 5 Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, & Pilgrimage Qur an or Koran: Muslim holy book People follow the Sunna (Muhammad s example) & Shar ia (law) Religion Divides Muhammad died in 632 A.D. & didn t tell how to choose a successor (caliph) Muslims split over the next caliph: Sunni and Shi a Rightly Guided Caliphs 4 were chosen after Muhammad s death: loyal friends of Muhammad 2
Sunni & Shi a Sunni Believed Muslim rulers should follow the Sunna, Muhammad s example Shi a Believed Ali, Muhammad s son-inlaw, should have succeed Muhammad Believed Muslim rulers should descend from Muhammad Muslim Contributions To The World Unit 2, SSWH 5 b & d 3
Trade & Economy Major trading network connected China, Europe, & India Muslims only needed to speak Arabic & used one currency, Abbasid dinar Muslims created banks for trade & sakk (checks) (prevented travelers from being robbed) Education: Encouraged within Muslim Culture House of Wisdom preserves knowledge Schools of philosophy, medicine, language and large libraries Medicine: knowledge of Greece, Syria, Arabic, Indian sources Al-Razi: greatest physicians wrote books on medicine, Discovered that clean air can help heal you faster 4
Medicine: Ibn-Sina: Discovered tuberculosis is contagious, can spread through water & soil, person s emotional health is influenced by the physical health, 1 st to describe: Meningitis, parts of the eye, &valves of the heart Geography: Ibn-Battuta: Muslim Explorer who traveled over 75, 000 miles and to every Muslim land, detailed map information and worked for foreign leaders Math: Al-Jabr: wrote a book on a math technique today we call Algebra Science: Ibn-Alhazen: wrote a book called Optics Art: Calligraphy The Thousand and One Nights 5
The Rise and Impact of Islam Origins of Islam Muhammad (founder), Allah sent him an angel, Gabriel Muhammad was told he is a messenger. Islam: submission to the will of Allah in Arabic Muslim: one who has submitted 1
Beliefs 5 Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, & Pilgrimage Qur an or Koran: Muslim holy book People follow the Sunna (Muhammad s example) & Shar ia (law) Religion Divides Muhammad died in 632 A.D. & didn t tell how to choose a successor (caliph) Muslims split over the next caliph: Sunni and Shi a Rightly Guided Caliphs 4 were chosen after Muhammad s death: loyal friends of Muhammad 2
Sunni & Shi a Sunni Believed Muslim rulers should follow the Sunna, Muhammad s example Shi a Believed Ali, Muhammad s son-inlaw, should have succeed Muhammad Believed Muslim rulers should descend from Muhammad Muslim Contributions To The World Unit 2, SSWH 5 b & d 3
Trade & Economy Major trading network connected China, Europe, & India Muslims only needed to speak Arabic & used one currency, Abbasid dinar Muslims created banks for trade & sakk (checks) (prevented travelers from being robbed) Education: Encouraged within Muslim Culture House of Wisdom preserves knowledge Schools of philosophy, medicine, language and large libraries Medicine: knowledge of Greece, Syria, Arabic, Indian sources Al-Razi: greatest physicians wrote books on medicine, Discovered that clean air can help heal you faster 4
Medicine: Ibn-Sina: Discovered tuberculosis is contagious, can spread through water & soil, person s emotional health is influenced by the physical health, 1 st to describe: Meningitis, parts of the eye, &valves of the heart Geography: Ibn-Battuta: Muslim Explorer who traveled over 75, 000 miles and to every Muslim land, detailed map information and worked for foreign leaders Math: Al-Jabr: wrote a book on a math technique today we call Algebra Science: Ibn-Alhazen: wrote a book called Optics Art: Calligraphy The Thousand and One Nights 5
The Rise and Impact of Islam Origins of Islam Muhammad (founder), Allah sent him an angel, Gabriel Muhammad was told he is a messenger. Islam: submission to the will of Allah in Arabic Muslim: one who has submitted 1
Beliefs 5 Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, & Pilgrimage Qur an or Koran: Muslim holy book People follow the Sunna (Muhammad s example) & Shar ia (law) Religion Divides Muhammad died in 632 A.D. & didn t tell how to choose a successor (caliph) Muslims split over the next caliph: Sunni and Shi a Rightly Guided Caliphs 4 were chosen after Muhammad s death: loyal friends of Muhammad 2
Sunni & Shi a Sunni Believed Muslim rulers should follow the Sunna, Muhammad s example Shi a Believed Ali, Muhammad s son-inlaw, should have succeed Muhammad Believed Muslim rulers should descend from Muhammad Muslim Contributions To The World Unit 2, SSWH 5 b & d 3
Trade & Economy Major trading network connected China, Europe, & India Muslims only needed to speak Arabic & used one currency, Abbasid dinar Muslims created banks for trade & sakk (checks) (prevented travelers from being robbed) Education: Encouraged within Muslim Culture House of Wisdom preserves knowledge Schools of philosophy, medicine, language and large libraries Medicine: knowledge of Greece, Syria, Arabic, Indian sources Al-Razi: greatest physicians wrote books on medicine, Discovered that clean air can help heal you faster 4
Medicine: Ibn-Sina: Discovered tuberculosis is contagious, can spread through water & soil, person s emotional health is influenced by the physical health, 1 st to describe: Meningitis, parts of the eye, &valves of the heart Geography: Ibn-Battuta: Muslim Explorer who traveled over 75, 000 miles and to every Muslim land, detailed map information and worked for foreign leaders Math: Al-Jabr: wrote a book on a math technique today we call Algebra Science: Ibn-Alhazen: wrote a book called Optics Art: Calligraphy The Thousand and One Nights 5