Surah al Baqarah: MindMap + Tafseer (2:187) Surah al Baqarah: MindMap + Tafseer (2:187) TAFSEER AYAT 2/187 (cont) أ ح ل ل ڪ م ل ي ل ة ٱلص ي ام ٱلر ف ث إ ل ى ن س ا ٮ ك م ه ن ل ب اس ل ك م و أ نت م ل ب اس ل ه ن ع ل م ٱ لل أ ن ڪ م ك نت م ت خ ت ان ون أ نف س ڪ م ف ت اب ع ل ي ك م و ع ف ا ع نك م ف ٱل ن ب ش ر وه ن و ٱب ت غ وا م ا ڪ ت ب ٱ لل ل ك م و ك ل وا و ٱش ر ب وا ح ت ى ي ت ب ي ن ل ك م ٱل خ ي ٱ ب ي م ن ٱل خ ي ٱ س و م ن ٱل ف ج ر م أ ت وموا ٱلص ي ام إ ل ى ٱل ي ل و ت ب ش ر وه ن و أ نت م ع ك ف ون ف ى ٱل م س ج ت ل ح و ٱ لل ف ل ت ق ر ب وه ا ك ذ ٲل ي ب ي ن ٱ لل ء اي ت ه ۦ ل لن اس ل ع ل ه م ي ت ق ون )٧٨١ ) It is made lawful for you to have sexual relations with your wives on the night of As-Saum (the fasts). They are Lîbas [i.e. body cover, or screen, or Sakan, (i.e. you enjoy the pleasure of living with them as in Verse 7:189) Tafsir At-Tabarî], for you and you are the same for them. Allâh knows that you used to deceive yourselves, so He turned to you (accepted your repentance) and forgave you. So now have sexual relations with them and seek that which Allâh has ordained for you (offspring), and eat and drink until the white thread (light) of dawn appears to you distinct from the black thread (darkness of night), then complete your Saum (fast) till the nightfall. And do not have sexual relations with them (your wives) while you are in I tikâf (i.e. confining oneself in a mosque for prayers and invocations leaving the worldly activities) in the mosques. These are the limits (set) by Allâh, so approach them not. Thus does Allâh make clear His Ayât (proofs, evidences, lessons, signs, revelations, verses, laws, legal and illegal things Allahs set limits orders.) to mankind that they may become Al- Muttaqun. (187) ( Surah Al Baqarah) Surah Al Baqarah is powerful it is after Surah Al Fatihah. May we understand it. We cannot detach ourselves even from one Ayat from the Quran. Ayat 187 is an Ayat related to siyyam / fasting. The Quran was revealed for certain reasons but it is generally for everybody. Even though every Surah & every Ayat concerns specific issues like Page 1
Siyyam, etc but you can learn from it. You cannot detach yourself from even 1 ayat in the Quran. In Ayat 187, Allah mentioned the relationship between husband & wife in a very beautiful way : ه ن ل ب اس ل ك م و أ نت م ل ب اس ل ه ن They are Lîbas [i.e. body cover, or screen, or Sakan, (i.e. you enjoy the pleasure of living with them as in Verse 7:189) Tafsir At-Tabarî], for you and you are the same for them. Husband-Wife is libas / garment to each other. ت خ ت ان ون deceive yourselves had been explained last week. The nafs is amanah, so do not betray yourself. Do not go around to get the desire fulfilled by cheating on the spouse or by going around the Rules of Allah. Noone can cheat Allah because Allah Knows. This refers to the sahabah but ع ل م ٱ لل generally, it applies to us all : When there is a Command, Allah Knows when the sahabah desire their wives & they were trying to go around the Rule to fulfill their nafs. Allâh knows that you used to deceive yourselves. In ع ل م ٱ لل أ ن ڪ م ك نت م ت خ ت ان ون أ نف س ڪ م a way, when (in your heart ) you have a desire to do something, you take it easy & you do not want to think too much so that you can fulfill your nafs. Allah Knows the Humans. خ ت ان و ن ت, it shows that ع ل م ٱ لل أ ن ڪ م ك نت م ت خ ت ان ون أ نف س ڪ م When Allah Mentions deceiving happened and the sahabah used to feel this way ie to take it easy with the rule (that their fasting must continue once they sleep or nap) so that thay can fulfill their desires for the wives. Allah knows his slave, & Allah Knows what we have to do ; so Allah gave 2 of His Actions in continuing this verse : ف ت اب ع ل ي ك م و ع ف ا ع نك م so He turned to you (accepted your repentance) and forgave you. Page 2
Surah al Baqarah: MindMap + Tafseer (2:187) 2 of Allah s Actions are : The Attributes is ف ت ا ب ع ل ي ك م ( accept your repentance) in ب ت ا 1. The Action of 2. The Action of ع ف ا ( forgive you) in ع ف ا ع نك م.و The Attribute is. The Attribute is Taaba ت اب ie taubat & aafa ie forgive == the Name is AL AFUU & AT TAWBAH. The Quran is revealed to know more about Allah. Allah put the sahabah in this situation to see what they used to do and how Allah dealt with them. This increases your faith because Allah really Knows how everybody feels and what are everybody s challenges. And see how Allah take away the burden from them. It was so difficult for the sahabah to start siyyam once they sleep. The sahabah wanted to submit but it was difficult, and ع ل م ٱ لل أ ن ڪ م ك نت م ت خ ت ان ون أ نف س ڪ م Allâh knows that you used to deceive yourselves. So Allah made it easy. The Ayat 2/187 shows that Allah wants us to be transparent with him. Eg do not say I do NOT wake up Fajr because I was doing too much work you are dealing with Allah ; so be honest & transparent be Allah. in this case, see how Allah dealt with the sahabah : you (accepted your repentance) and forgave you. Ayat. so He turned to ف ت اب ع ل ي ك م و ع ف ا ع نك م Allah give 2 attributes with 2 Names in this ت خ ت ان ون After Allah abrogated the rule (because it was difficult for the sahabah and they were deceiving themselves ). In all Ayat ul Quran, you find the Love of Allah. Because of Allah s Mercy & the Love of Allah on His servant, He does not give more than we can take. Even when Page 3
they ت خ ت ان ون deceiving themselves ), Allah still dealt with them with Generosity (seen in the ) ف ت اب ع ل ي ك م و ع ف ا ع نك م -: verses What does ت اب ع ل ي ك م Allah Make Tawbah over you mean? Tawbah means return. Refer : Taaba Yatuubu. Taaba means I return. When we say Atuubu ilallah means I am making mistakes in front of Allah. The moment we make mistakes, we will go far from Allah. means return. When we sin, we are far & we feel our heart ت اب : Taaba ف ت اب ع ل ي ك م heavy, & far from Allah. No comfort. Restless. Once you taubah, you return to Allah & however much sin you have, Allah accept you, Allah will not forsake one who returns to Him. Humans will forsake the sinner. Allah do not want people to be far from Him. Allah want us to be close to Him. There is no one to accompany us except Allah. Allah TAABA is not same as us make TAWBA. Preposition makes a HUGE difference. When we say TUBTU : Ana Atuubu ilallah. Allah yatuubu alaina Huge difference between these 2 Page 4
The following 2 are different : Ana ATUUBU ilallah Allah YATUUBU ALAINA For Allah, we say : TAABA ALAIKUM TAABA is always followed by ALA ( eg Taaba alaiya or Taaba alaina or Taaba alaikum ) Ala shows / means Allah have power over us. For People, we say: TAABA followed by ILA meaning this is our goal. ILA show end meaning this is your goal that is ila rabbika ruj a ( return to Allah). This means you leave your repentance to Allah. Page 5
AT TAWBAH For people : You see Tawbah is with people. But from this Ayat ع ل ي ك م و ع ف ا ع نك م,ف ت اب you see Taaba is with Allah. Just one preposition makes a huge difference. I cannot understand the secret of the language without knowing ALA & ILA. The utmost / last is when we return to Him. So flee to Allah. For Allah : TAABA ALAIKUM means AT TAWBA AWWALAN WA AKHIRAN MIN ALLAH. Show Allah has Power over us Awwalan - to initiate tawbah is from Allah. Akhiran - To accept tawbah also is from Allah. So Taaba alaikum means Allah surrounds us with His Tawbah. How? : Awwalan & aakhiran so tawbah is NOT in anyone s hands. eg some say that they sin, then they go to Haj to get Allah s Forgiveness!!! These thoughts are wrong you sin as much as you want now because you plan to go to Haj & then tawbah, istighfar but this is not honest. You cannot cheat Allah. Purification comes even with our thoughts. Even thoughts are accounted for by Allah. Not all who say they want to repent, will repent. Allah is the One who will initiate that repentance. If you are not honest & truthful, Allah will not initiate tawbah. Many want to do good but they forget! I want to istighfar but I forget show taaba alaikum. Tawbah from Allah over His people awalan & akhiran. Allah put the SEEDS of tawbah in your heart ie Allah make you remember to Tawbah.. Allah Decrees a situation to make you tawbah. So beginning is from Allah. Page 6
So from Allah is ت اب ع ل ي ك م Taaba alaikum awwalan wa aakhiran Allah initiates repentance in you and He accepts your repentance. deceive yourselves. Out ت خ ت ان ون أ نف س ڪ م is very important because people will ت اب ع ل ي ك م of His Mercy, He will ف ت اب ع ل ي ك م meaning Allah has the Power & He encompasses them with His (initiating & accepting) repentance. The Name of Allah, AT TAWWAAB, is excessive because Allah initiate & accept the tawbah even when billions of people repent. Allah make Tawbah from anybody, & for different types of sins. Allah give ت اب ع ل ي ك م Taaba alaikum / Initiating & / Accepting the Repentance of different types of people, for different types of sins through infinity Take charge of your repentance whoever you may be. Allah take charge of the repentance / tawbah of all people whatever their sins may be. Allah accept the repentance of different sins. Allah take charge of all stages of Tawbah. That is why He is AT TAWAAB, indicating excessive in initiating & accepting your repentance whoever you are & whatever your sin is. Allah s Name, AT TAWWAB, indicates that you can return to Allah eventhough you had disobeyed Him, BUT you MUST be honest with Allah. As a person who sins, you may go through phases & then you repent. But then you repeat the sins. And then you repent again. Even if you do this till infinity, Allah will accept your repentance. People do not have this sifat as At Tawwab. Nobody is like Allah. Wa lillah il Asma wa al Husna Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad no one like Him. A child may repeatedly sin to the mother & the mother reacts. This is a test on the mother. At the end, both mother & child are slaves ( of Allah) and we both sin. Both are made of water whether it is master & slave, king and citizen, mother and child all are just the same at the end. And yet we do not accept apologies & we do not give a second chance. When we make mistake & we disobey Allah, we must be honest with Allah & then return to Allah. Do not think repentance is in your hands. Just be honest with yourself. Do not take it for granted. Just say: SubhanAllah Alhamdulillah La ilaha ila Allah Allahu Akbar La Haww la wa la Quwwata illa Billah Page 7
This Dzikr is most beloved & has so much value, & are like trees in Paradise, Treasure in Paradise. Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad : Allah is Ahad ie unique. We cannot find anybody like Him. We are servants, in need, poor & we are daif / weak & we disobey The Master, The Creator, who is Rich ( meaning He do not need us but we need Him. ) We are unable, and He is Able to replace us with better people - yet He keep us. Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad = Allah is Unique. Allah will still Accept us, His slaves, when we repeatedly return to Him after sinning. Humans would label us as Wanted! But Allah Accepts even those who are very evil from amongst us, eg Allah Forgave the killer of 99 people eventhough he must be in the Wanted list. We often judge others (people) whereas we forget that we, ourselves, sin. We want improvement in others, but we fail to test ourselves so as to analyse ourselves. Improvement ONLY comes when we put OURSELVES under the microscope. Allah is AT TAWWAB because Allah will ت اب ع ل ي ك م to all those involved; not just a small group but for everyone, whoever and wherever we are, whatever sin we did, whether big or small sin, even repeated sins will be forgiven. Just return to Allah even if you keep repeating the same sins. That is why the Hadith of the Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam says : One man committed a sin. He begged, Ya Rabbi, forgive me. And Allah forgave him ( although we do not know because it is ghaib). He repeated this for 3 times. Allah told him O my servant, do whatever you do, I will forgive all your sins. The man does not know this, but Allah want the heart. When you sin, then return to Allah. Don t make sin a priority : Maybe that person slipped or he is very weak. He did not sin & was very proud about it. Be clear with Allah. Nothing is more beautiful than Allah. There is no beauty in life without Allah. Allah, Huwa Al Tawwab from Taaba Alaikum. Allah is ت اب ع ل ي ك م is forever. For as long as that person is alive, Allah will accept his tawbah. This is ni mah from Allah because when people make big mistakes, other humans will abandon them, blame them & forsake them BUT Allah is ت اب ع ل ي ك م. This is ni mah from Allah because all doors will close to you EXCEPT Allah s Door, which will remain Open to your repentance. What make you rich is knowing that even when noone like me, want me or forgive me but Allah WILL. So we are confident of Allah because of ت اب ع ل ي ك م. Don t expect this of humans because humans are too miskin. Huwa ت اب ع ل ي ك م over us / awwalan wa / akhiran ie Allah initiates & put the tawbah in our heart THROUGH SITUATIONS. Eg you sin but you make light of it. You don t even know that this is a sin. Then you heard that this particular deed is a sin this is a sign from Allah. Eg you sin but you do not confess to it. Then you see 2 people doing same sin. You are the 3 rd person & so you see clearer because you are looking from outside. So to account for yourself, see yourself as the 3 rd person looking in. It will appear clearer because you are looking from outside. Page 8
How does Allah give Tawbah? : Awwalan Allah give Signs, or you see Ayats, or you dream which make you realize. Or you see situations which make you realize that you were sinning, eg you shout at your children & you think that it is normal. Then you see another person do the same & you feel bad. Be transparent. DO NOT IGNORE. Repent. Seeker of Truth is always rich always seeking the truth, want the truth, living for the truth, always looking for the truth. ت اب ع ل ي ك م و situation. He will Bring Tawbah. Allah initiates tawbah in the heart through different AKHIRAN He give Tawbah but He need you to accept, confess, agree & admit. Admission shows you are humble. If you do not admit, this shows arrogance, that you are rejecting the truth ; so you will not tawbah. Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam said, One atom of arrogance will deprive a person from entering Paradise.. This atom of pride ( arrogance) is rejecting the truth. When Allah show you the truth, you must admit. Initially, when Allah bring the Tawbah so you are clear with yourself, then admit. Do not deny it. When Allah see your Truthfulness, and you are honest & admitting, regretting & reacting with Allah initiating Tawbah for you, then accept it. If you sin, and you accept this initial step to tawbah, & you call out, Ya Rabbi, then Allah Sees. The more the sin, the more regret is felt. The Munafiqeen has the greatest sin, ie more sin than the kaafirin. The munafiqeen are always munafiq, always cheating the people, and then Allah will show them the guidance & they will see strong repentance ie In the Quran. Allah Says He will accept their repentance when their heart will be cut. Eg When you son make a light mistake, and apologise for it, you will feel fine after he apologises. BUT when your son make a very big mistake, you feel angry and you do not talk. You hurt. Buy when your son then shows remorse, & feel so much shame, then you will accept his apology. This is justice : Small sin is far different than big sin. So Allah give more rewards for Repentance from big sins because it requires so much more struggle. Big sins need big Tawbah = need so much more jihad. Hence one gets more hasanat for repenting from big sins. Both big sins & small sins need jihad. But big sin need more effort to overcome it, you need to show more remorse & guilt for doing the big sin (compared to small sin) & more humiliation to Allah. Even in repenting, need IHSAN. Allah will give more hasanat, if big tawbah because this involved a bigger struggle. Their heart are really broken, sinking because big sin. Eg a married lady did adultery & conceived in the time of Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam. She felt great guilt & cannot sleep. She confessed to Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam. He, salallahu alaihi wa salam, wanted her to repent without confessing, so he sent her home ( so she can tawbah & Allah accept.). But she kept coming back & she confessed. He sent her back again, so that she can repent. But after delivery of her baby, she confessed again to Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam. Again he sent her back to breastfeed her baby for 2 years. After she breastfed and he started eating ( for about 3 years), still she felt the pain of the sin the guilt was so strong. She wanted relief & to be purified. Penalty was enforced on her & Page 9
Surah al Baqarah: MindMap + Tafseer (2:187) she died. Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam said if her tawbah is distributed in ahlil Madinah, it will be more than the city. Her Tawbah is so big. Allah Grants Jannah for her. Eg A Man named Maa is committed adultery, and he died from the penalty. Then the Sahabah said bad of him. The Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam stopped them. Why talk bad about your brother? He is now in Paradise. These 2 examples during the time of the Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam shows how guilty they felt for their big sins. Although the Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam wanted them to repent directly to Allah, their guilt made them ask for the penalty to be enforced so that they are purified. TAWBAH MIN ALLAH Allah accept repentance. When you do a little ihsan with tawbah, Allah rewards with ihsan too. When a person sins and goes to jail, humans still place a stigma on him : A convict. But Allah RahmatAllah, ie He gives & accept Tawbah, and He Pardons totally. By ف ت اب ع ل ي ك م و ع ف ا ع نك م there is no even a mention of the sin anymore. When a person sins, and repents sincerely, Allah will accept his repentance, will overlook all his mistakes & will Pardon him completely and will not expose him in front of the people & will make the people forget about his sins. This is afuu / pardon completely. When you see Ayat ul Quran, your heart feel overwhelmed, because noone is like Allah. This is Allah. Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam said, Who loves to meet Allah, Allah Loves to meet him. We long to meet Him because of love. Allah will never punish us because He Loves us. But we are forsaking ourselves. You feel life is so beautiful with Allah s Action. We are beautiful when we adorn ourselves with the Knowledge about Allah. We are beautiful when we are close to Allah. Alhamdulillahi rabbi l alamin. ف ت اب ع ل ي ك م و : beginning where Allah initiates the tawbah. Then Allah See if you appreciate it or not? Do you take it or not? If you take it, Allah will deal with you. And Accept your repentance, while Replacing your sins with Good Deeds and elevate you to a higher martabat / ranks. Did Adam sin? It s not wrong to do a sin. Don t judge people when they sin because you don t know how they are with Allah. Hadith of Rasulullah salallahu alaihi wa salam mentioned : People who do sin but they go to Paradise. People do Good deeds but they go to Hell. Page 10
The people who sin but their hearts are regretful & kept repenting. Allah allow them into Paradise. And there people who do good deeds but their heart is full of sins of the heart. May Allah give us the transparency. Nothing can save us except Allah. ع ل م ٱ لل أ ن ڪ م ك نت م ت خ ت ان ون أ نف س ڪ م ف ت اب ع ل ي ك م و ع ف ا ع نك م Allâh knows that you used to deceive yourselves, so He turned to you (accepted your repentance) and forgave you : Hadith So Allah Named Himself AT TAWWAB. Be honest & repent. ت اب ع ل ي ك م و Allah accept repentance from someone because he has a Lord who Accepts Repentance. Allah appreciates that you want to know about Him. because here in Dunia is only a loan. Page 11