ART IN CONTEXT: The Age of Faith ART 121 Lecture 13
82 nd and 5 th Video: Faith Questions to ponder before watching the video: What is the relationship between religion and faith? Do you need to have faith in a religion to appreciate its artworks? Madonna and Child with Angels Antonio Rossellino (ca. 1455)
Functions seen in all religious art: 2D and 3D media created with the intent of: Illustrating or recreating important passages from religious texts. Mosque lamp donated Amir Ahmad al-mihmandar, Egypt, ca. 1325.
Functions seen in all religious art: 2D and 3D media created with the intent of: Illustrating or recreating important passages from religious texts. Giving form to an otherwise unseen religious figure/deity Shiva as Lord of Dance (Nataraja), Indian Chola Period, ca. 11 th century.
Functions seen in all religious art: 2D and 3D media created with the intent of: Illustrating or recreating important passages from religious texts. Giving form to an otherwise unseen religious figure/deity Creating the objects used in religious ceremonies. Members of the Dogon Tribe using tribal masks. Traditional design; photo taken 2012.
Part 1: Buddhism India China
BUDDHISM: religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama. Teaches that meditation can release an individual from Samsara, the cycle of suffering life, and allow for the state of nirvana. Timeline: Ancient Religions 623-543 BCE: Life of the Historical Buddha Ca. 100 BCE: Earliest Buddhist art 4 BCE-30 CE: Life of the Historical Jesus Ca. 200 BCE: Earliest Christian art 313: Edict of Milan legalized Christianity 622: Muhmamad builds a house that becomes mosque prototype 644-56: Qu ran committed to writing 1000-1200: Romanesque 1200-1400: Gothic
Great Stupa, Sanchi, India, third century BCE to First century CE
Large Seated Buddha with Standing Bodhisattva, from Cave 20, China, 460-470 CE. 44 feet.
Part 2: Christian Art Byzantium Romanesque Gothic
CHRISTIANITY: early monotheistic religion that grew out of Judaism. Teaches that salvation is only possible through believing that God s only son Jesus Christ died on the cross for all of mankind s sins. Timeline: Ancient Religions 623-543 BCE: Life of the Historical Buddha Ca. 100 BCE: Earliest Buddhist art 4 BCE-30 CE: Life of the Historical Jesus Ca. 200 BCE: Earliest Christian art 313: Edict of Milan legalized Christianity 622: Muhammad builds a house that becomes mosque prototype 644-56: Qu ran committed to writing 1000-1200: Romanesque 1200-1400: Gothic
Crucifixion of Christ, from the Monastery Church of Daphni, ca. 1090-1100 CE. Byzantine mosaic
Remember the importance of CONTEXT no photos can recreate the experience of being engulfed in dancing golden light! Visit to Sta. Maria in Trastevere, an Italian Church decorated in the 13 th and 14 th centuries in the Byzantine style.
Last Judgment from the west tympanum of St. Lazare, France, 1120-1135. Romanesque relief.
Chartres: Gem of the Gothic Built from 1145-1220 (left spire from the 1500s) Prime example of the Gothic western Façade: Triple doorway Tall spires Rose window Numerous sculptural works including jamb figures.
Part 3: Islamic Art Iran Timbuktu Spain
ISLAM: youngest of the great monotheistic religions. Holy Book called the Qu ran contains teachings that the Prophet Muhammad received from the Angel Gabriel. Teaches that salvation is only possible through submission to Allah. Timeline: Ancient Religions 623-543 BCE: Life of the Historical Buddha Ca. 100 BCE: Earliest Buddhist art 4 BCE-30 CE: Life of the Historical Jesus Ca. 200 BCE: Earliest Christian art 313: Edict of Milan legalized Christianity 622: Muhammad builds a house that becomes mosque prototype 644-56: Qu ran committed to writing 1000-1200: Romanesque 1200-1400: Gothic
Medallion Carpet, The Ardabil Carpet, Maqsud of Kashan, Persian: Safavid Dynasty, silk warps and wefts with wool pile (25 million knots, 340 per sq. inch), 1539-40.
Hypostyle Prayer Hall, Great Mosque at Cordoba. Begun in 786, expanded in the 10 th and 11 th centuries.
Part 4: Applying What You Learned Get into groups and make a list of similarities and differences seen in the form and use/function of the following three buildings.