TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 17... 3 AL-ISRA A... 3 (111 VERSES)... 3 VERSES 82 to 111... 3 VERSE 82... 3 The Quran as a Healing... 4 VERSE 83... 6 Despair a major sin... 6 VERSE 84... 7 VERSE 85... 10 The Spirit other than Jibraeel as and Mikaeel as... 11 Jibraeel as the Trustworthy Spirit... 13 The Spirit in the people and animals... 14 The Spirit (soul) of the human body... 14 Miscellaneous Ahadeeth about the Spirit... 16 VERSE 86... 17 VERSE 87... 18 VERSE 88... 18 VERSE 89... 20 The Altered Verse... 20 VERSES 90-95... 21 Background report... 39 VERSES 96 & 97... 40 Those Gathered upon their faces... 41 Those Gathered Blind, dumb, deaf... 42 VERSES 98 & 99... 42 VERSE 100... 43 1 out of 59
VERSES 101-104... 45 A report... 47 VERSES 105 & 106... 47 Rasool-Allah saww Giver of Glad Tidings to Amir Al Momineen asws... 47 The titles of Rasool-Allah saww Giver of Glad Tidings and Warner... 49 VERSES 107-109... 50 VERSE 110... 51 Names of Allah azwj... 52 The silent and the loudness The apparent Salat... 54 The silent and the loudness The Wilayah of Ali asws... 55 The Abrogated Verse... 57 VERSE 111... 57 2 out of 59
CHAPTER 17 سورة اإلسراء AL-ISRA A (111 VERSES) VERSES 82 to 111 ب س م الل ه الر ح م ن الر ح يم VERSE 82 }82{ و ن ن ز ل م ن ال ق ر آن م ا ه و ش ف اء و ر ح ة ل ل م ؤ م ن ني إ ل خ س ار ا ني الظ ال م ي ز ي د و ل And We Reveal from the Quran what is a healing and a Mercy for the Momineen, and it does not increase the ones unjust except for the loss [17:82] عن حممد بن أيب حزة رفعه اىل أيب جعفر )عليه السالم( قال:»نزل جربئيل على حممد )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( هبذه اآلية و ل ي ز يد الظ ال م ني آل حممد حقهم إ ل خ سارا «. From Muhammad Bin Abu Hamza, raising it to Abu Ja far asws having said: Jibraeel as descended unto Muhammad saww with this Verse: and it does not increase the ones unjust to the Progeny of Muhammad of their rights except for the loss [17:82]. 1 و عنه قال: حدثنا حممد بن مهام عن حممد بن إمساعيل العلوي عن عيسى بن دواد عن أيب احلسن موسى عن أبيه )عليهما السالم( قال:»نزلت هذه اآلية و ن ن ز ل م ن ال ق ر آن ما ه و ش فاء و ر ح ة ل ل م ؤ م ن ني و ل ي ز يد الظ ال م ني آلل حممد حقهم إ ل خ سارا «. And from him (Sharaf Al Deen Al Najafi) who said, It was narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Hamam, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Alawy, from Isa Bin Dawan, From Abu Al-Hassan Musa asws, from his asws father asws having said: This Verse was Revealed as: And We Reveal from the Quran what is a healing and a Mercy for the Momineen, and it does not increase the ones unjust to the Progeny of Muhammad except for the loss [17:82]. 1. 155. تفسير العي اشي /315 :2 3 out of 59
فالقرآن )شفاء ور حة للمؤمنني( لهنم املنتفعون به وخسار و بوار على الظاملني لنه فيه احلجة عليهم )ول يزيدهم إل خسارا( يف الدنيا واآلخرة )وذلك هو اخلسران املبني(. Thus, the Quran is a healing and a Mercy for the Momineen, because they are beneficiaries with it, and loss and ruination is upon the unjust ones because therein is the Proof against them, and it does not increase the ones unjust except for the loss [17:82] in the world and the Hereafter, That is the clear loss [22:11]. 2 حممد بن العباس قال: حدثنا حممد بن خالد الربقي عن حممد بن علي الصرييف عن ابن الفضيل عن أيب حزة عن أيب جعفر )عليه السالم( قال: و ن ن ز ل م ن ال ق ر آن ما ه و ش فاء و ر ح ة ل ل م ؤ م ن ني و ل ي ز يد الظ ال م ني آل حممد حقهم إ ل خ سارا «. Muhammad Bin Al Abbas said, Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Ali Al Sayrafi, from Ibn Al Fazeyl, from Abu Hamza, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja far asws having said: And We Reveal from the Quran what is a healing and a Mercy for the Momineen, and it does not increase the ones unjust [17:82] - to the Progeny asws of Muhammad saww of their asws rights, except for the loss. 3 The Quran as a Healing عن مسعدة بن صدقة عن أيب عبد اهلل )عليه السالم( قال:»إمنا الشفاء يف علم القرآن لقوله: ما ه و ش فاء و ر ح ة ل ل م ؤ م ن ني ألهله ل شك فيه و ل مرية فأهله أئمة اهلدى الذين قال اهلل ث أ و ر ث ن ا ال ك تاب ال ذ ين اص ط ف ي نا م ن ع باد نا From Mas ada Bin Sadaqa, From Abu Abdullah asws having said: But rather the Healing is in the knowledge of the Quran due to His azwj Words: what is a healing and a Mercy for the Momineen [17:82], for its rightful ones, there is neither any doubt in it nor a suspicion, for its rightful ones are the Imams asws of the Guidance, those for whom Allah azwj Said: Then We Gave the Book as an inheritance to those We Chose from among Our servants [35:32]. 4 ق ال ا ل م ام ع: ق ال ر س ول الل ه ص: إ ن ه ذ ا ال ق ر آن م أ د ب ة الل ه ت ع اىل ف ت ع ل م وا م ن م أ د ب ة الل ه ع ز و ج ل م ا اس ت ط ع ت م ال م ب ني و الش ف اء الن اف ع ]ف ] ت ع ل م وه ف إ ن الل ه ت ع اىل ي ش ر ف ك م ب ت ع ل م ه. ف إ ن ه الن ور Imam (Hassan Al-Askari asws ) said: Rasool-Allah saww said: This Quran is an Education of Allah azwj the Exalted, therefore learn from the Education of Allah azwj 2 3 4 تأويل اآليات. 29 /290 :1 تأويل اآليات. 28 /290 :1 تفسير العياشي 154 /315 :2 4 out of 59
Mighty and Majestic whatever you can, for it is a manifest Light, and a beneficial healing, so learn it, for Allah azwj the Exalted would Ennoble you for learning it. 5 ق ال ر س ول الل ه ص إ ن ه ذ ا ال ق ر آن ه و الن ور ال م ب ني و احل ب ل ال م ت ني و ال ع ر و ة ال و ث ق ى و الد ر ج ة ال ع ل ي ا و الش ف اء األ ش ف ى و ال ف ض يل ة ال ك ب ر ى و الس ع اد ة ال ع ظ م ى م ن اس ت ض اء ب ه ن و ر ه الل ه و م ن اع ت ق د ب ه يف أ م ور ه ع ص م ه الل ه و م ن ت س ك ب ه أ ن ق ذ ه الل ه و م ن ل ي ف ار ق أ ح ك ام ه ر ف ع ه الل ه و م ن اس ت ش ف ى ب ه ش ف اه الل ه (Imam Hassan Al Askari asws said): Rasool-Allah saww said: This Quran, it is the clear Light, and the Strong Rope, and the Firmest Handhold, and the lofty level, and the best healing, and the great merit, and the grand happiness. The one who seeks illumination by it, Allah azwj would Enlighten him, and the one who believes in it during his lifetime, Allah azwj would Protect him, and the one who attaches with it, Allah azwj would Save him, and the one who does not separate from its Ordinances, Allah azwj would Elevate him, and the one who seeks healing by it, Allah azwj would Heal him. 6 ق ال ر س ول الل ه ص: ف أ ن ي ر ى أ ح د ك م أ ن ش ي ئا ب ع د ال ق ر آن أ ش ف ى ل ه م ن ذ ك ر ن ا أ ه ل ال ب ي ت و م ن الص ال ة ع ل ي ن ا ف إ ن الل ه ع ز و ج ل ج ع ل ذ ك ر ن ا أ ه ل ال ب ي ت ش ف اء ل لص د ور و ج ع ل الص ل و ات ع ل ي ن ا م اح ي ة ل ل و ز ار و الذ ن وب و م ط ه ر ة م ن ال ع ي وب و م ض اع ف ة ل ل ح س ن ات. (Imam Hassan Al-Askari asws ) said: Rasool-Allah saww said: So if one of you views that there is something after the Quran as a healing for him than our asws mention of the People asws of the Household, and from the (sending of) Salawat upon us asws, for Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic Made our asws mention, the People asws of the Household, as a healing for the chests, and Made the Salawat upon us as a deletion of the burdens of the sins, and a cleansing from the faults, and a multiplication of the good deeds. 7 يف طب األئم ة عن الصادق عليه السالم: ما اشتكى أحد من املؤمنني شكاية قط و قال بإخالص ني ة و مسح موضع العل ة و ن ن ز ل م ن ال ق ر آن ما ه و ش فاء و ر ح ة ل ل م ؤ م ن ني و ل ي ز يد الظ ال م ني إ ل خ سارا إل عويف من تلك العل ة أي ة عل ة كانت و مصداق ذلك يف اآلية حيث يقول ش فاء و ر ح ة ل ل م ؤ م ن ني. In (the book) Tibb Al Aimma From Al-Sadiq asws (having said): A Momin will not complain with a complaint at all and says with a sincere intention, and wipes the place of the ailment: And We Reveal from the Quran what is a healing and a Mercy for the Momineen, and it does not increase the ones unjust except for the loss [17:82] except he would recover from that illness, whichever illness it may be, and the confirmation of that is in the Verse where He azwj is Saying: a healing and a Mercy for the Momineen [17:82]. 8 5 Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askari asws S 13 (Extract) 6 Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askari asws S 297 (Extract) 7 Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askari asws S 348 (Extract) 8 تفسير الصافي ج 3 ص: 213 5 out of 59
و عنه ع ليه السالم: ل بأس بالر ق ي ة و الع و ذ ة و الن ش ر ة إذا كانت من القرآن و من ل يشفه القرآن فال شفاه الل ه و هل شيء أبلغ من هذه األشياء من القرآن أ ليس الل ه يقول و ن ن ز ل م ن ال ق ر آن ما ه و ش فاء و ر ح ة ل ل م ؤ م ن ني. And from him (Al-Sadiq asws having said): There is no problem with the charm and the amulet and the incantation when these were from the Quran, and one whom the Quran does not heal, so Allah azwj will not Heal him; and is there anything more reach from these things than the Quran? Isn t Allah azwj Saying: And We Reveal from the Quran what is a healing and a Mercy for the Momineen [17:82]. 9 ع ل ي ع ن أ ب يه ع ن الن و ف ل ي ع ن الس ك و ن ع ن أ يب ع ب د الل ه ع ن آب ائ ه ( عليهم السالم ) ق ال ش ك ا ر ج ل إ ىل الن ب ( صلى اهلل عليه وآله ) و ج عا يف ص د ر ه ف ق ال ( صلى اهلل عليه وآله ) اس ت ش ف ب ال ق ر آن ف إ ن الل ه ع ز و ج ل ي ق ول و ش فاء ل ما يف الص د ور. Ali, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws, from his asws forefathers asws having said: A man complained to the Prophet saww of pain in his chest, so he saww said: Seek healing with the Quran, for Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: [10:57] and a Healing for what is in the chests. 10 VERSE 83 و إ ذ ا أ ن ع م ن ا ع ل ى ا ل ن س ان أ ع ر ض و ن أ ى ب ان ب ه و إ ذ ا م س ه الش ر ك ان ي ئ وس ا }83{ And when We Bestow a Favour upon the human being, he turns aside and is averse, and when evil afflicts him, he is despairing [17:83] Despair a major sin ع د ة م ن أ ص ح اب ن ا ع ن أ ح د ب ن حم م د ب ن خ ال د ع ن ع ب د ال ع ظ يم ب ن ع ب د الل ه احل س ن ق ال ح د ث ن أ ب و ج ع ف ر ( صلوات اهلل عليه ) ق ال مس ع ت أ يب ي ق ول مس ع ت أ يب م وس ى ب ن ج ع ف ر ( عليه السالم ) ي ق ول د خ ل ع م ر و ب ن ع ب ي د ع ل ى أ يب ع ب د الل ه ( عليه السالم ) ف ل م ا س ل م و ج ل س ت ال ه ذ ه اآل ي ة ال ذ ين ي ت ن ب ون ك بائ ر ا ل ث و ال ف واح ش ث أ م س ك ف ق ال ل ه أ ب و ع ب د الل ه ( عليه السالم ) م ا أ س ك ت ك ق ال أ ح ب أ ن أ ع ر ف ال ك ب ائ ر م ن ك ت اب الل ه ع ز و ج ل A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from Abdul Azeem Bin Abdullah Al Hasany who said, Abu Ja far asws narrated to me saying: I asws heard my asws father asws saying: I asws heard my asws father asws Musa asws Bin Ja far asws saying: Amro Bin Ubeyd came over to 9 تفسير الصافي ج 3 ص: 213 10 Al Kafi V 2 The Book Of Merits of the Quran CH 1 H 7 6 out of 59
Abu Abdullah asws. So when he greeted and was seated, recited this Verse: Those who are shunning the major sins and the immoralities [53:32], then held back. So Abu Abdullah asws said to him: What made you withhold? He said, I would love to understand the major sins from the Book of Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic. ف ق ال ن ع م ي ا ع م ر و أ ك ب ر ال ك ب ائ ر ا ل ش ر اك ب الل ه ي ق ول الل ه و م ن ي ش ر ك ب الل ه ف ق د ح ر م الل ه ع ل ي ه ا ج ن ة و ب ع د ه ا ل ي اس م ن ر و الل ه أل ن الل ه ع ز و ج ل ي ق ول إ ن ه ل ي ي أ س م ن ر و الل ه إ ل ال ق و م ال كاف ر و ن So he asws said: Yes O Amro And the biggest of the major sins is the Polytheism, azwj with Allah azwj. Allah azwj is Saying; And the one who Associates with Allah (الشرك) so Allah azwj has Prohibited the Paradise unto him, and after it is the despair from the Mercy of Allah azwj, because Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying: and do not despair from Mercy of Allah; surely none despairs of Allah's Mercy except the Kafir people [12:87]. 11 احل س ني ب ن حم م د ع ن م ع ل ى ب ن حم م د ع ن ال و ش اء ق ال مس ع ت الر ض ا ( عليه السالم ) ي ق ول ق ال ع يس ى اب ن م ر ي ( صلوات اهلل عليه ) ل ل ح و ار ي ني ي ا ب ن إ س ر ائ يل ل ت أ س و ا ع ل ى م ا ف ات ك م م ن الد ن ي ا ك م ا ل ي أ س ى أ ه ل الد ن ي ا ع ل ى م ا ف ات ه م م ن د ين ه م إ ذ ا أ ص اب وا د ن ي اه م. Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad, from Al Washha who said, I heard Al-Reza asws saying: Isa as Bin Maryam as said to the disciples: O Children of Israel! Do not despair upon what is lost by you from the world, just as the people of the world do not despair upon what is lost by them from their Religion as long as they secure their world. 12 VERSE 84 ق ل ك ل ي ع م ل ع ل ى ش اك ل ت ه ف ر ب ك م أ ع ل م ب ن ه و أ ه د ى س ب يال }84{ Say: Everyone acts according to his own disposition; so your Lord is more Knowing of the one who is better Guided on the Way [17:84] حممد بن يعقوب: عن علي بن إبراهيم عن أبيه عن القاسم بن حممد عن املنقري عن سفيان بن عيينة عن أيب عبد اهلل )عليه السالم( قال: قال:»النية أفضل من العمل أل و إن النية هي العمل ث قرأ قوله عز و جل ق ل ك ل ي ع م ل ع لى شاك ل ت ه يع ن على نيته«. Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Al Manqary, from Sufyan Bin Ayayna, 11 Al Kafi H 2454 (Extract) 12 Al Kafi V 2 The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 61 H 25 7 out of 59
(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: The intention is higher than the deed. Indeed, the intention is (actually) the deed. Then he asws recited the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: Say: Every one acts according to his own disposition [17:84] Meaning, upon the intention. 13 ع ل ي ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن أ ب يه ع ن ال ق اس م ب ن حم م د ع ن ال م ن ق ر ي ع ن أ ح د ب ن ي ون س ع ن أ يب ه اش م ق ال ق ال أ ب و ع ب د الل ه ( عليه السالم ) إ من ا خ ل د أ ه ل الن ار يف الن ار أل ن ن ي ا ت م ك ان ت يف الد ن ي ا أ ن ل و خ ل د وا ف يه ا أ ن ي ع ص وا الل ه أ ب دا و إ من ا خ ل د أ ه ل ا ج ن ة يف ا ج ن ة أل ن ن ي ا ت م ك ان ت يف الد ن ي ا أ ن ل و ب ق وا ف يه ا أ ن ي ط يع وا الل ه أ ب دا ف ب الن ي ات خ ل د ه ؤ ل ء و ه ؤ ل ء ث ت ال ق و ل ه ت ع اىل ق ل ك ل ي ع م ل ع لى شاك ل ت ه ق ال ع ل ى ن ي ت ه. Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Al Minqary, from Ahmad Bin Yunus, from Abu Hashim who said, Abu Abdullah asws said: But rather, the inhabitants of the Fire would be in the Fire eternally because their intentions in world was such that if they had eternally been in it, they would have disobeyed Allah azwj forever; and rather the inhabitants of the Paradise would be in the Paradises eternally because their intentions in the world were such that if they had remained in it (eternally), they would have obeyed Allah azwj forever. Thus, the eternality is by the intentions of these ones and those ones. Then he asws recited the Words of the Exalted Say: Every one acts according to his own disposition [17:84]. He asws said: Upon his intention. 14 ع ل ي ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن أ ب يه ع ن ال ق اس م ب ن حم م د ع ن ال م ن ق ر ي ع ن س ف ي ان ب ن ع ي ي ن ة ع ن أ يب ع ب د الل ه ( عليه السالم ) يف ق و ل الل ه ع ز و ج ل ل ي ب ل و ك م أ ي ك م أ ح س ن ع م ال ق ال ل ي س ي ع ن أ ك ث ر ع م ال و ل ك ن أ ص و ب ك م ع م ال و إ من ا ا ل ص اب ة خ ش ي ة الل ه و الن ي ة الص اد ق ة و احل س ن ة Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Al Minqary, from Sufyan Bin Uyayna, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws regarding the Words of Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic: in order to Try you, which of you is best in deeds [67:2]. He asws said It does not Mean the abundance of deeds, but the correctness of your deeds, and rather the correctness is the fear of Allah azwj and the truthful intention, and the good deeds. ث ق ال ا ل ب ق اء ع ل ى ال ع م ل ح ت ي ل ص أ ش د م ن ال ع م ل و ال ع م ل اخل ال ص ال ذ ي ل ت ر يد أ ن ي م د ك ع ل ي ه أ ح د إ ل الل ه ع ز و جل و الن ي ة أ ف ض ل م ن ال ع م ل أ ل و إ ن الن ي ة ه ي ال ع م ل Then he asws said: The remaining upon the deed until it finishes is more difficult than performing the deed itself, and the sincere deed is that which you do not want to be praised upon by anyone except for Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic; and the intention is superior than the deed itself. Indeed! The intention, it is the deed. 13 الكافي. 4 /13 :2 14 Al Kafi V 2 The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 43 H 5 8 out of 59
ث ت ال ق و ل ه ع ز و ج ل ق ل ك ل ي ع م ل ع لى شاك ل ت ه ي ع ن ع ل ى ن ي ت ه. Then he asws recited the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: [17:84] Say: Every one acts according to his own disposition Meaning, upon his intention. 15 علي بن إبراهيم قال: حدث ن أيب عن جعفر بن إبراهيم عن أيب احلسن الرضا )عليه السالم( قال:»إذا كان يوم القيامة أوقف املؤمن بني يديه فيكون هو الذي يتوىل حسابه فيعرض عليه عمله يف صحيفته فأول ترتعش فرائصه و تفزع نفسه ما يرى سيئاته فيتغري لذلك لونه و Ali Bin Ibrahim said, My father narrated to me, from Ja far Bin Ibrahim, From Abu Al-Hassan Al-Reza asws having said: When it will be the Day of Judgment, a Momin would be paused in front of Him azwj, and He azwj will happen to be in charge of his Reckoning. So, his deeds would be displayed to him in his parchment, and the first of what he will see would be his sins, and his colour will change due to that, and his limbs would tremble, and his self would panic. ث يرى حسناته فتقر عينه و تسر نفسه و تفر روحه ث ينظر إىل ما أعطاه اهلل من الثواب فيشتد فرحه Then he will see his good deeds, and his eyes would be delighted, and his self would be cheerful, and his soul would be happy. Then he would look at what Allah azwj has Given him from the Rewards, so his happiness would intensify. ث يقول اهلل للمالئكة: هلموا الصحف اليت فيها األعمال اليت ل يعملوها- قال- فيقرءوهنا ث يقولون: و عزتك إنك لتعلم أنا ل نعمل منها شيئا فيقول: صدقتم نويتموها فكتبناها لكم ث يثابون عليها«. Then Allah azwj will be Saying to the Angels: Bring the parchment in which are the deeds which he did not do! So he would be reading it, then he would be saying, By Your azwj Mighty! You azwj Know I did not do anything from these. He azwj would be Saying: You speak the truth. You intended these, so We azwj Wrote these for you, then We azwj will be Rewarding upon these. 16 العياشي: عن حاد عن صاحل بن احلكم قال: مسعت أبا عبد اهلل )عليه السالم( يقول و قد سئل عن الصالة يف البيع و الكنائس فقال:»صل فيها فقد رأيتها و ما أنظفها!«. Al-Ayyashi, from Hamad, from Salih Bin Al-Hakam who said, I heard Abu Abdullah asws saying, and he asws had been asked about the Salat in the synagogues and the churches? So he asws said: Pray Salat in these, I asws have seen how clean these are! قال: فقلت: اصلي فيها و إنكانوا يصلون فيها فقال:»صل فيها و إن كانوا يصلون فيها أما تقرأ القرآن: ق ل ك ل ي ع م ل ع لى شاك ل ت ه ف ر ب ك م أ ع ل م ب ن ه و أ ه دى س ب يال صل إىل القبلة و دعهم«. 15 Al Kafi V 2 The Book Of Belief and Disbelief CH 11 H 4 16 تفسير القم ي 26 2: 9 out of 59
He (the narrator) said, I said, Shall I pray Salat therein and if they are praying in these? He asws said: Pray in these, and even if they are praying therein. Have you not read the Quran: Say: Every one acts according to his own disposition; so your Lord is more Knowing of the one who is better Guided on the Way [17:84]. Pray Salat towards the Qiblah and leave them. 17 VERSE 85 و ي س أ ل ون ك ع ن الر و ق ل الر و م ن أ م ر ر يب و م ا أ وت يت م م ن ال ع ل م إ ل ق ل يال }85{ And they are asking you about the Spirit. Say: The Spirit is from a Command of my Lord, and you are not Given from the knowledge (of it) except a little [17:85] علي بن إبراهيم: و ذلك أن اليهود سألوا رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( عن الرو فقال:»الرو من أمر ريب و ما أوتيتم من العلم إل قليال«. قالوا: حنن خاصة قال:»بل الناس عامة«. Ali Bin Ibrahim And that the Jews asked Rasool-Allah saww about the Spirit, so he saww said: The Spirit is from a Command of my Lord, and you are not Given from the knowledge (of it) except a little [17:85]. They said, Us in particular? He saww said: But, the people in general. قالوا: فكيف يتمع هذان- يا حممد- تزعم أنك ل تؤت من العلم إل قليال و قد أوتيت القرآن و أوتينا التوراة و قد قرأت و م ن ي ؤ ت احل ك م ة و هي التوراة ف ق د أ و ت خ ري ا ك ث ريا They said, So how can these two be (reconciled) together O Muhammad saww You saww are alleging that you saww have not been Given from the Knowledge except for a little, and have been Given the Quran, and we have been Given the Torah, and I have read: and the one who is Given the Wisdom [2:269], and it is the Torah, so he has been Given abundant good? فأنزل اهلل تعاىل: و ل و أ ن ما يف األ ر ض م ن ش ج ر ة أ ق الم و ال ب ح ر ي د ه م ن ب ع د ه س ب ع ة أ ب ر ما ن ف د ت ك ل مات الل ه يقول: علم اهلل أكثر من ذلك و ما أوتيتم كثري فيكم قليل عند اهلل. So Allah azwj the Exalted Revealed: And if every tree in the earth was a pen and the oceans to ink it, from after it seven (more) oceans, the Words of Allah would not run out [31:27]. He saww said: The Knowledge of Allah azwj is more than 17 تفسير العي اشي. 157 /316 :2 10 out of 59
that, and whatever has been Given to you is a lot among you, but is little in the Presence of Allah azwj. 18 عن عمرو بن مشر عن جابر عن أيب جعفر )عليه السالم( يف قول اهلل: و ما أ وت يت م م ن ال ع ل م إ ل ق ل يال قال: الباطن أنه ل يؤت العلم إل أناس يسري فقال: و ما أ وت يت م م ن ال ع ل م إ ل ق ل يال منكم«.»تفسريها يف From Amro Bin Shimr, from Jabir, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja far asws regarding the Words of Allah azwj : and you are not Given from the knowledge (of it) except a little [17:85]. He asws said: Its explanation in the esoteric is that the knowledge has not been Given except to people it is easy for, so He azwj Said: and you are not Given from the knowledge (of it) except a little [17:85] (to a few) from among you. 19 The Spirit other than Jibraeel as and Mikaeel as ع ل ي ع ن أ ب يه ع ن اب ن أ يب ع م ري ع ن أ يب أ ي وب اخل ز از ع ن أ يب ب ص ري ق ال مس ع ت أ ب ا ع ب د الل ه ( عليه السالم ) ي ق ول ي س ئ ل ون ك ع ن ج ب ر ئ يل و م يك ائ يل ل ي ك ن م ع أ ح د م ن م ض ى غ ري حم م د ( صلى اهلل عليه وآله ) الر و ق ل الر و م ن أ م ر ر يب ق ال خ ل ق أ ع ظ م م ن و ه و م ع األ ئ م ة ي س د د ه م و ل ي س ك ل م ا ط ل ب و ج د. Ali, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ayoub Al Khazzaz, from Abu Baseer who said, I heard Abu Abdullah asws saying: And they are asking you about the Spirit. Say: The Spirit is from the Commands of my Lord [17:85]. He asws said: A creature more magnificent than Jibraeel as and Mikaeel as. It did not happen to be with anyone from the past apart from Muhammad saww, and it is with the Imams asws, protecting them asws, and it isn t so that everything what is sought, it found. 20 حدثنا ا حد بن حممد بن احلسني بن سعيد عن فضالة بن ايوب عن عمر بن ابان الكلىب عن اىب بصري قال قلت ليب عبد اهلل عليه السالم يسئلونك عن الرو قل الرو من امر رىب وما اوتيتم من العلم ال قليال قال هو خلق اعظم من جربئيل وميكائيل كان مع رسول اهلل يوفقه وهو معنا اهل البيت. It has been narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Al-Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazaalat Bin Ayub, from Umar Bin Abaan Al-Kalby, from Abu Baseer who said: I said to Abu Abdullah asws : The Spirit is from the Commands of my Lord, and you are not Given from the knowledge (of it) except (to) a few [17:85]. He asws said: It is a creation greater than Jibraeel as and Mikaeel as. It was with Rasool-Allah saww, serving him saww, and it is with us asws, the People asws of the Household. 21 18 تفسير القمي 166 2: 19 تفسير العي اشي. 164 /317 :2 20 Al Kafi V 1 The Book Of Divine Authority CH 56 H 4 21 Basaair Al Darajaat P 9 Ch 18 H 5 11 out of 59
و عنه: عن حممد بن يىي عن حممد بن احلسني عن علي بن أسباط عن احلسني بن أيب العالء عن سعد ا لسكاف قال: أتى رجل أمري املؤمنني )عليه السالم( يسأله عن الرو أليس هو جربئيل فقال له أمري املؤمنني )عليه السالم(:»جربئيل )عليه السالم( من املالئكة و الرو غري جربئيل«. فكرر ذلك على الرجل فقال له: لقد قلت عظيما من القول ما أحد يزعم أن الرو غري جربئيل. And from him, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Muhammad Bin Al Husayn, from Ali Bin Asbaat, from Al Husayn Bin Abu Al A la, from Sa ad Al Askaaf who said, A man came up to Amir-Al-Momineen asws asking him asws about the Spirit, is it not Jibraeel as? So Amir-ul-Momineen asws said to him: Jibraeel as is from the Angels, and the Spirit is other than Jibraeel as. He asws re-iterated it on the man, so he said to him asws, You asws said a great word. There is no one who claims that the Spirit is other than Jibraeel as! فقال له أمري املؤمنني )عليه السالم(: أ م ر الل ه ف ال ت س ت ع ج ل وه س ب حان ه و ت عاىل ع م ا ي ش ر ك ون ي ن ز ل ال م الئ ك ة ب الر و»إنك ضال تروي عن أهل الضالل يقول اهلل عز و جل لنبيه )صلى اهلل عليه و آله(: أ تى و الرو غري املالئكة«. So Amir-Al-Momineen asws said to him: You have strayed, reporting from the people of error. Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying to His azwj Prophet saww : The Command of Allah will come, therefore do not hasten it. Glorious is He and Exalted from what they are associating [16:1] He Sends down the Angels with the Spirit [16:2]. And the Spirit is other than the Angels. 22 ع ل ي ب ن إ ب ر اه يم ع ن حم م د ب ن ع يس ى ع ن ي ون س ع ن اب ن م س ك ان ع ن أ يب ب ص ري ق ال س أ ل ت أ ب ا ع ب د الل ه ( عليه السالم ) ع ن ق و ل الل ه ع ز و ج ل ي س ئ ل ون ك ع ن الر و ق ل الر و م ن أ م ر ر يب ق ال خ ل ق أ ع ظ م م ن ج ب ر ئ يل و م يك ائ يل ك ان م ع ر س ول الل ه ( صلى اهلل عليه وآله ) و ه و م ع األ ئ م ة و ه و م ن ال م ل ك وت. Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Baseer who said, I asked Abu Abdullah asws about the Words of Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic: And they are asking you about the Spirit. Say: The Spirit is from the Commands of my Lord, and you are not Given from the knowledge (of it) except (to) a few [17:85]. He asws said: A creature more magnificent than Jibraeel as and Mikaeel as. It was with Rasool-Allah saww and it is with the Imams asws, and it is from the Dominion (of Allah azwj ). 23 22 الكافي. 6 /215 :1 23 Al Kafi V 1 The Book Of Divine Authority CH 56 H 3 12 out of 59
Jibraeel as the Trustworthy Spirit ث قال الطربسي يف )الحتجاج( عقيب اخلطبة: روي عن الصادق )عليه السالم( أنه قال:»ملا فرغ رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( من هذه اخلطبة روي يف الناس رجل مجيل هبي طيب الريح فقال: تاهلل ما رأيت حممدا كاليوم قط ما أشد ما يؤكد لبن عمه! و إنه عقد عقدا ل يله إلكافر باهلل العظيم و برسوله ويل طويل ملن حل عقده. The Al Tabarsy said in Al Ihtijaj (As for what happened immediately after the sermon), it is reported from Al- Sadiq asws having said: When Rasool-Allah saww was free from this sermon, a man roamed among the people, being of beautiful image, perfumed aroma, and he said, By Allah azwj! I have not seen Muhammad saww like today at all! How intense he asws is in emphasising for his saww cousin, and he saww has tied such a knot that none would loosen it except for a Kafir with Allah azwj the Magnificent, and with His azwj Rasool saww. A lengthy woe be upon the one who loosens his saww knot. قال: فالتفت إليه عمر حني مسع كالمه فأعجبته هيئته ث التفت إىل الن ب )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( و قال: أما مسعت ما قال هذا الرجل! قال كذا و كذا. He asws said: So Umar turned towards him when he heard his speech and his body astounded him. Then he turned towards the Prophet saww and said: Did you saww hear what this man said? He said such and such! فقال )صلى اهلل عليه و آله(: يا عمر أ تدري من ذلك الرجل قال: ل. قال: ذلك الرو األمني جربئيل فإياك أن حتله فإنك إن فعلت فاهلل و رسوله و مالئكته و املؤمنون منك براء«. So he saww said: O Umar! Do you know who that man is? He said, No. He saww said: That is the Trustworthy Spirit Jibraeel as, therefore beware of loosening it, for if you were to do so, then Allah azwj and His azwj Rasool saww, and His azwj Angels, and the Momineen would be disavowed from you. 24 و قال مولنا و إمامنا الصادق )عليه السالم(:»إن حقوق الناس تعطى بشهادة شاهدين و ما اعطي أمري املؤمنني )عليه السالم( حقه بشهادة عشرة آلف نفس«يع ن يوم غدير خم»إن هذا إل ضالل عن احلق املبني. And our Master and our Imam Al-Sadiq asws said: The rights of the people are given by the testimony of two witnesses, and Amir Al-Momineen asws was not given his asws right (even) after the witnessing of ten thousand people - meaning on the Day of Ghadeer Khumm - This is nothing but straying from the clear Truth. 25 24 25 االحتجاج:. 66 المناقب. 26 :3 13 out of 59
عن جابر بن أرقم عن أخيه زيد بن أرقم قال: إن جربئيل الرو األمني نزل على رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( بولية علي بن أيب طالب )عليه السالم( عشية عرفة فضاق بذلك صدر رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( خمافة تكذيب أهل ا لفك و النفاق فدعا قوما أنا فيهم فاستشارهم يف ذلك ليقوم به يف املوسم From Jabir Bin Arqam, from his brother Zayd Bin Arqam who said, Jibraeel as the Trustworthy Spirit descended unto Rasool-Allah saww with the Wilayah of Ali asws Bin Abu Talib asws on the evening of Arafaat. So the chest of Rasool- Allah saww was constrained by it, fearing the belying of the people of the lies and hypocrisy. So he saww called a group, (and) I was among them, and he saww consulted them regarding that, to stand with it during the season (of Al-Hajj). 26 The Spirit in the people and animals عن أيب بصري عن أحدمها )عليهما السالم( قال سألته عن قوله: و ي س ئ ل ون ك ع ن الر و ق ل الر و م ن أ م ر ر يب ما الرو قال:»اليت يف الدواب و الناس«. قلت: و ما هي قال:»هي من امللكوت من القدرة«. From Abu Baseer, From one of the two (5 th or 6 th Imam asws ), he (the narrator) said, I asked him asws about His azwj Words: And they are asking you about the Spirit. Say: The Spirit is from the Commands of my Lord [17:85]. He asws said: That which is in the animals and the people. I said, And what is it? He asws said: It is from the Dominion, from the Power (of Allah azwj ). 27 The Spirit (soul) of the human body و يف كتاب الحتجاج للط ربسي- ر حه الل ه-: عن أيب عبد الل ه- عليه الس الم- حديث طويل و فيه قال الس ائل: أخرب ن عن الس راج إذا انطفأ أين يذهب نوره قال: يذهب فال يعود. And in the book Al Ihtijaj of Al Tabarsy From Abu Abdullah asws, a lengthy Hadeeth, and in it the questioner said, Inform me about the lantern when it is extinguished, where does its light go? He asws said: It (just) goes, and does not return. قال: فما أنكرت أن يكون ا لنسان مثل ذلك إذا مات و فارق ]الرو أبدا إذا انطفأ ] البدن ل يرجع إليه أبدا كما ل يرجع ضوء الس راج إليه 26 27 (Extract) تفسير العي اشي 10 /141 :2 شواهد التنزيل 368 /272 :1 تفسير العي اشي. 163 /317 :2 14 out of 59
He said, So what would make you asws deny that the human being happens to be similar to that, when he dies and the soul separates from the body, it does not return to it, ever, just as the illumination of the lantern does not return to it, ever, when it is extinguished? قال: ل تصب القياس ألن الن ار يف األجسام كامنة و األجساد قائمة بأعياهنا كاحلجر و احلديد فإذا ضرب أحدمها باآلخر سطعت من بينهما نار يقتبس منها ]سراج[ له ضوء فالن ار ثابتة يف أجسامها و الض وء ذاهب و الر و جسم رقيق قد البس قالبا كثيفا و ليس بنزلة الس راج ال ذي ذكرت He asws said: Do not strike the analogy, because the fire is latent in the objects, and the bodies are standing by its support, like the rocks and the iron. So when one of the two is struck with the other, fire shines from between the two. The lantern borrows the illumination from it. So the fire is affirmed in the two bodies and the illumination goes away. And the soul is a superfine body which has worn a thick mould, and it isn t at the status of that which you mentioned. إن ال ذي خلق يف الر حم جنينا من ماء صاف و رك ب فيه ضروبا خمتلفة من عروق و عصب و أسنان و شعر و عظام و ذلك هو يييه بعد موته و يعيده بعد فنائه. غري Surely the One azwj Who Created in the womb a foetus from clear water, and installed in it a broad spectrum of veins, and nerves, and teeth, and hair, and bones, and other than that, He azwj would Revive it after its death, and Repeat it after its perishing. قال: فأين الر و قال: يف بطن األرض حيث مصرع البدن إىل وقت البعث. He said, So where is the soul? He asws said: In the belly of the earth where the dead body is, up to the time of the Resurrection. قال: فمن صلب أين روحه قال: يف كف امللك ال ذي قبضها ح ت يودعها األرض. He said, So from a backbone, where would be its soul? He asws said: In the palm of the Angel which captured it, until the earth takes possession of it. قال: فأخرب ن عن الر و أغري الد م قال: نعم الر و على ما وصفت لك ماد تا من الد م ]و من الد م[ رطوبة ا جسم و صفاء الل ون و حسن الص وت و كثرة الض حك فإذا مجد الد م فارق الر و البدن. He said, So inform me about the soul, is it other than the blood? He asws said: Yes. The soul is upon what I asws described to you. Its substance is from the blood, and from the blood is the moisture of the body, and the clearness of the colour, and the beautiful voice, and abundance of the smiling. So when the blood coagulates, the soul separates from the body. 15 out of 59
قال: فهل توصف خبف ة و ثقل و وزن قال: الر و بنزلة الر يح ]يف الز ق[ إذا نفخت فيه امت ل الز ق منها فال يزيد يف وزن الز ق و ولوجها فيه و ل ينقصه خروجها منه كذلك الر و ليس هلا ثقل و ل وزن. said: So, can it be described by lightness, and heaviness, and weight? He asws said: The soul is as the status of the wind in the skin. When it is blown into it, the skin gets filled up from it, therefore it does not increase in the skin in weight and its access in it, nor does it reduce it, its exiting from it. Similar to that is the soul. There is neither a heaviness for it nor any weight. 28 He asws Miscellaneous Ahadeeth about the Spirit حدثنا ا حد بن حممد ويعقوب بن يزيد عن احلسن بن على بن فضال عن اىب مجيله عن حممد احلل ب عن اىب عبد اهلل عليه السالم يف قوله عزوجل يسألونك عن الرو قل الرو من امر رىب قال ان اهلل تبارك وتعاىل احد صمد والصمد الشئ الذى ليس له جوف وامنا الرو خلق من خلقه له بصر وقوة وتأييد يعله اهلل يف قلوب الرسل واملؤمنني. It has been narrated to us by Ahmad Bin Muhammad, and Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from Al-Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Abu Jameela, from Muhammad Al-Halby, who has narrated: Abu Abdullah asws regarding the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And they are asking you about the Spirit. Say: The Spirit is from the Commands of my Lord [17:85]. He asws said that: Allah azwj Blessed and Exalted is One, Absolute (Samad), and the Absolute (Al-Samad) is a thing which does not have a cavity for it, and as for the Spirit, it is a creature from His azwj creatures, it has for it the vision, and strength, and support. Allah azwj has Made it to be in the hearts of the Rasools as and the Momineen. 29 العياشي: عن زرارة قال: سألت أبا جعفر )عليه السالم( عن قول اهلل عز و جل: ي س ئ ل ون ك ع ن الر و ق ل الر و م ن أ م ر ر يب قال:»خلق من خلق اهلل و اهلل يزيد يف اخللق ما يشاء«. Al Ayyashi, from Zurara who said, I asked Abu Ja far asws about the Words of Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic: And they are asking you about the Spirit. Say: The Spirit is from the Commands of my Lord [17:85]. He asws said: A creature from the creatures of Allah azwj, and Allah azwj Increases in the creation whatever He azwj so Desires to. 30 28 ( )4 االحتجاج/ -349 350. 29 Basaair Al Darajaat P 9 CH 18 H 2 30 تفسير العي اشي 159 /316 :2 16 out of 59
VERSE 86 و ل ئ ن ش ئ ن ا ل ن ذ ه ب ب ال ذ ي أ و ح ي ن ا إ ل ي ك ث ل ت د ل ك ب ه ع ل ي ن ا و ك يال }86{ And if We so Desired, We would Take away that which We have Revealed to you, then you will not find for yourself with it, any protector against Us [17:86] ابن بابويه قال: حدثنا أبو حممد جعفر بن علي بن أ حد الفقيه )رضي اهلل عنه( قال: أخربنا أبو حممد احلسن بن حممد بن علي بن صدقة القمي قال: حدث ن أبو عمرو حممد بن عمر بن عبد العزيز األنصاري الكجي قال: حدث ن من مسع احلسن بن حممد النوفلي يقول يف حديث طويل: أن سليمان املروزي متكلم خراسان قال لإلمام الرضا )عليه السالم( يف ا لرادة: قد وصف نفسه بأنه مريد. Ibn Babuwayh said, It was narrated to us by Muhammad Bin Ja far Bin Ali Bin Ahmad the jurist, from Abu Muhammad Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Sadaqa al Qaummy, from Abu Amro and Muhammad Bin Umar bin Abdul Aziz Al Ansary Al Kakhy, from one who hear Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Al Nowfaly in a lengthy Hadeeth: - Suleyman Al-Marouzy spokesman of Khurasan said to Al-Imam Al-Reza asws regarding the Intention (of Allah azwj. Has He azwj Described Himself azwj that He azwj is the Intender? قال الرضا )عليه السالم(:»ليس صفته نفسه أنه مريد إخبارا عن أنه إرادة و ل إخبارا عن أن ا لرادة اسم من أمسائه«. Al-Reza asws said: He azwj hasn t Described Himself azwj that He azwj is the Intender with a news about that it is an Intention, nor any news about that the Intention is a Name from His azwj Names. قال سليمان: ألن إرادته علمه.قال الرضا )عليه السالم(:»فإذا علم الشيء فقد أراده «. قال سليمان: أجل. قال )عليه السالم(:»فإذا ل يرده ل يعلمه«قال سليمان: أجل. Suleyman said, Because His azwj Intention is His azwj Knowledge. Al-Reza asws said: So when He azwj Knows the thing so He azwj has Intended it? Suleyman said, Yes. He asws said: So when He azwj does not Intend it, He azwj does not Know it? Suleyman said, Yes. قال )عليه السالم(:»من أين قلت ذلك و ما الدليل على أن إرادته علمه و قد يعلم ما ل يريده أبدا و ذلك قوله عز و جل: و ل ئ ن ش ئ نا ل ن ذ ه ب ب ال ذ ي أ و ح ي نا إ ل ي ك فهو يعلم كيف يذهب به و هو ل يذهب به أبدا«. He asws said: From where do you say that, and what is the evidence upon that His azwj Intention is His azwj Knowledge? And He azwj has Known what He azwj will not be Intending, ever, and these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic: And if We so Desired, We would Take away that which We have Revealed to you [17:86]. So 17 out of 59
He azwj Knows how He azwj would Taking it away, and He azwj would not be Taking it away, ever! 31 VERSE 87 إ ل ر ح ة م ن ر ب ك إ ن ف ض ل ه ك ان ع ل ي ك ك ب ري ا }87{ except for a Mercy from your Lord - surely His Grace would always be great upon you [17:87] الطربسي يف )جممع البيان(: عن ابن عباس يف قوله تعاىل: إ ن ف ض ل ه كان ع ل ي ك ك ب ري ا. قال: يريد حيث جعلك سيد ولد آدم و ختم بك النبيني و أعطاك املقام احملمود. Al Tabarsy From Ibn Abbas, regarding the Words of the Exalted: surely His Grace would always be great upon you [17:87] said, Intending where He azwj Made you saww a son of Adam as and Ended the Prophets as with you saww and Gave you the 32. (المقام المحمود) Praiseworthy Position VERSE 88 ق ل ل ئ ن اج ت م ع ت ا ل ن س و ا ج ن ع ل ى أ ن ي أ ت وا ب ث ل ه ذ ا ال ق ر آن ل ي أ ت ون ب ث ل ه و ل و ب ع ض ه م ل ب ع ض ظ ه ري ا }88{ ك ا ن Say: If the humans and the jinn were to combine together to come with the like of this Quran, they would not (be able to) come with the like of it, and even if they were backers of each other [17:88] ج ل:»ا ل ذل ك ال ك تاب ل ر ي ب ف يه - ق ال ا ل م ام ع: ك ذ ب ت ق ر ي ش و ال ي ه ود ب ال ق ر آن و ق ال وا: س ح ر م ب ني ت ق و ل ه ف ق ال الل ه ع ز و ه دى ل ل م ت ق ني «أ ي ي ا حم م د ه ذ ا ال ك ت اب ال ذ ي أ ن ز ل ت ه ع ل ي ك - ه و ]ب[ احل ر وف ال م ق ط ع ة ال يت م ن ه ا: أ ل ف ل م م يم و ه و ب ل غ ت ك م و ح ر وف ه ج ائ ك م»ف أ ت وا ب ث ل ه إ ن ك ن ت م ص اد ق ني «و اس ت ع ين وا ع ل ى ذ ل ك ب س ائ ر ش ه د ائ ك م. The Imam (Hassan Al-Askari asws ) said: The Quraysh and the Jews belied the Quran and they said, It is clear magic you saww are saying it. So Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: Alif Lam Meem [2:1] That is the Book. There is no doubt in it (and it) is Guidance for the pious [2:2] i.e., O Muhammad saww! This Book which is 31 32 التوحيد. 451 مجمع البيان 676 6: 18 out of 59
Revealed unto you saww, it is of the abbreviated letters, from which are: - Alif, Lam, Meem, and it is in your language and letters of your Alphabet, so come with the like of it if you are truthful, and seek assistance upon that with the rest of your witnesses. ث ب ني أ ن ه م ل ي ق د ر ون ع ل ي ه ب ق و ل ه : ب ع ض ه م ل ب ع ض ظ ه ريا ق ل ل ئ ن اج ت م ع ت ا ل ن س و ا ج ن - ع لى أ ن ي أ ت وا ب ث ل هذ ا ال ق ر آن ل ي أ ت ون ب ث ل ه و ل و كا ن Then He azwj Clarified that they would not be able upon it, by His azwj Words: Say: If the humans and the jinn were to combine together to come with the like of this Quran, they would not (be able to) come with the like of it, and even if they were backers of each other [17:88]. 33 أ ن اب ن أ يب ال ع و ج اء و ث ل ث ة ن ف ر م ن الد ه ر ي ة ات ف ق وا ع ل ى أ ن ي ع ار ض ع ب د الل ه ع ل ي ه الس ال م ك ل يف اخل ر ائ ج و ا ج ر ائ ح يف أ ع ال م أ يب و اح د م ن ه م ر ب ع ال ق ر آن و ك ان وا ب ك ة و ع اه د وا ع ل ى أ ن ي يئ وا ب ع ار ض ت ه يف ال ع ام ال ق اب ل In (the book) Al Kharaij Wal Jaraih Fil A laam Fi Abu Abdullah asws Ibn Abu Al-Awja a and three persons from the eternalists formed a consensus upon that each one of them would go against a quarter of the Quran, and they were at Makkah, and they made a pact upon that they would be getting together during the following year. ف ل م ا ح ال احل و ل و اج ت م ع وا يف م ق ام إ ب ر اه يم ع ل ي ه الس ال م أ ي ضا ق ال أ ح د ه م : إ ن ل م ا ر أ ي ت ق و ل ه :»يا أ ر ض اب ل ع ي ماء ك و يا مس اء أ ق ل ع ي و غ يض ال ماء «ك ف ف ت ع ن ال م ع ار ض ة So when the year turned and they gathered at the Standing Place of Ibrahim as (by the Kabah) again, one of them said, I, when I saw His azwj Words: O earth, swallow down your water, and O sky, clear away! And the water abated [11:44], I stopped from the opposition. و ق ال اآل خ ر : و ك ذ ا أ ن ا ل م ا و ج د ت ق و ل ه :»ف ل م ا اس ت ي أ س وا م ن ه خ ل ص وا ن ي ا«أ ي س ت م ن ال م ع ار ض ة And another one said, And similar to that, when I found His azwj Words: So when they had despaired from him, they concluded whispering [12:80], I despaired from the opposition. و ك ان وا ي س ت ر ون ذ ل ك إ ذ م ر ع ل ي ه م الص اد ق ع ل ي ه الس ال م ف ال ت ف ت إ ل ي ه م و ق ر أ ع ل ي ه م :»ق ل ل ئ ن اج ت م ع ت ا ل ن س و ا ج ن ع لى أ ن ي أ ت وا ب ث ل هذ ا ال ق ر آن ل ي أ ت ون ب ث ل ه «ف ب ه ت وا. And they were concealing that, when Al Sadiq asws passed by them, and he asws turned towards them as recited to them: Say: If the humans and the jinn were to 33 Tafseer Imam Hassan Al Askari asws S 32 (Extract) 19 out of 59
combine together to come with the like of this Quran, they would not (be able to) come with the like of it [17:88]. 34 VERSE 89 و ل ق د ص ر ف ن ا ل لن اس يف ه ذ ا ال ق ر آن م ن ك ل م ث ل ف أ ىب أ ك ث ر الن اس إ ل ك ف ور ا }89{ And We have Explained for the people in this Quran, from every kind of example, but most of the people refused (to accept) except for the denying [17:89] The Altered Verse حممد بن يعقوب: عن أ حد عن عبد العظيم عن حممد بن الفضيل عن أيب حزة عن أيب جعفر )عليه السالم( قال: جربئيل هبذه اآلية هكذا: ف أ ىب أ ك ث ر الن اس بولية علي إ ل ك ف ورا «.»نزل Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ahmad, from Abdul Azeem, from Muhammad Bin Al Fazeyl, from Abu Hamza, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja far asws having said: Jibraeel as descended with this Verse like this: but most of the people refused (to accept) the Wilayah of Ali, except for the denying [17:89]. 35 حممد بن العباس )ر حه اهلل( قال: حدثنا علي بن عبد اهلل بن أسد عن إبراهيم الثقفي عن علي بن هالل األ حسي عن احلسن بن وهب بن علي بن برية عن جابر عن أيب جعفر )عليه السالم( يف قول اهلل تعاىل: ف أ ىب أ ك ث ر الن اس إ ل ك ف ورا قال:»نزلت يف ولية علي )عليه السالم(«. Muhammad Bin Al Abbas, from Ali Bin Abdullah Bin Asad, from Ibrahim Al Saqafy, from Ali Bin Hilal Al Ahmasy, from Al Hassan Bin Wahab Bin Ali Bin Baheera, from Jabir, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja far asws regarding the Words of Allah azwj the Exalted: but most of the people refused (to accept) except for the denying [17:89], he asws said: It was Revealed regarding the Wilayah of Ali asws. 36 [ احلاكم احلسكا ن ] قرأت يف التفسري العتيق قال: حدثنا العباس بن الفضل عن حممد بن فضيل عن أيب حزة الثمايل عن أيب جعفر حممد بن علي بن احلسني يف قوله تعاىل: * )فأىب أكثر الناس إل كفورا( * قال [ يف تأويله: يع ن ] بولية علي يوم أقامه رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه وآله(. 34 35 36 H 444 تفسير نور الثقلين ج 3 ص: 221 الكافي. 64 /351 :1 تأويل اآليات 30 /290 :1 شواهد التنزيل. 482 /353 :1 20 out of 59
Al Hakim Al Haskany recitation in the Tafseer of Al Ateeq, said, Al Abbas Bin Al Fazal narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Fazeyl, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja far asws Muhammad Bin Ali asws Bin Al-Husayn asws regarding the Words of the Exalted: but most of the people refused (to accept) except for the denying [17:89], said in its explanation: It Means (denying) the Wilayah of Ali asws on the day Rasool-Allah saww established him asws (the Imam asws ). 37 VERSES 90-95 و ق ال وا ل ن ن ؤ م ن ل ك ح ت ت ف ج ر ل ن ا م ن األ ر ض ي ن ب وع ا }90{ And they say: We will never believe in you until you cause a spring to gush out for us from the ground as a fountain [17:90] أ و ت ك ون ل ك ج ن ة م ن ن يل و ع ن ب ف ت ف ج ر األ ن ه ار خ ال هل ا ت ف ج ري ا }91{ Or there should happen to be a garden for you of palm trees and grapes, and you cause the rivers to flow in the midst of it with a flowing [17:91] ك سف ا أ و ت أ ت ب الل ه و ال م ال ئ ك ة ق ب يال }92{ أ و ت س ق ط الس م اء ك م ا ز ع م ت ع ل ي ن ا Or you should cause the sky to fall upon us in pieces just as you are claiming or you should come with Allah and the Angels face to face [17:92] أ و ي ك ون ل ك ب ي ت م ن ز خ ر ف أ و ت ر ق ى يف الس م اء و ل ن ن ؤ م ن ل ر ق ي ك ح ت ت ن ز ل ع ل ي ن ا ك ت اب ا ن ق ر ؤ ه ق ل س ب ح ان ر يب ه ل ك ن ت إ ل ب ش ر ا ر س ول }93{ Or there should happen to be for you a house of gold, or you should ascend into the sky, and we will never believe in your ascending until you bring down for us a letter to read. Say: Glorious is my Lord! Are you except a human Rasool? [17:93] و م ا م ن ع الن اس أ ن ي ؤ م ن وا إ ذ ج اء ه م اهل د ى إ ل أ ن ق ال وا أ ب ع ث الل ه ب ش ر ا ر س ول }94{ And what prevented the people from believing when the Guidance came to them except that they were saying: Has Allah Sent a human as a Rasool? [17:94] 37 Tafseer Abu Hamza Al Sumaly - H 189 21 out of 59
ق ل ل و ك ان يف األ ر ض م ال ئ ك ة ي ش ون م ط م ئ ن ني ل ن ز ل ن ا ع ل ي ه م م ن الس م اء م ل ك ا ر س و ل }95{ Say: Had there been in the earth Angels walking about as settlers, We would have Sent down to them from the sky, an Angel as a Rasool [17:95] ق ال احل س ن ب ن ع ل ي ع ف ق ل ت أل يب ع ل ي ب ن حم م د ع: ف ه ل ك ان ر س ول الل ه ص ي ن اظ ر ه م إ ذ ا ع ان ت وه و ي اج ه م ق ال : ب ل ى م ر ارا ك ث ري ة م ن ه ا: م ا ح ك ى الل ه م ن ق و هل م : و قال وا ما هل ذ ا الر س ول ي أ ك ل الط عا م- و ي ش ي يف األ س واق ل و ل أ ن ز ل إ ل ي ه م ل ك إ ىل ق و ل ه ر ج ال م س ح ورا. Al-Hassan asws Bin Ali (Al-Askari asws ) said: I asws said to my asws father asws, Ali asws Bin Muhammad asws : Did Rasool-Allah saww debate with them, when they were insolent, and argue against them? He asws said: Yes, many a times. From these is what Allah azwj has Related about their hearts: And they are saying, What is the matter with this Rasool? He is eating the food, and walks in the markets. If only a great Angel had been Sent down instead of him [25:7] up to His azwj Words a man bewitched [25:8] و قال وا ل و ل ن ز ل هذ ا ال ق ر آن ع لى ر ج ل م ن ال ق ر ي ت ني ع ظ ي م. And they are saying, If only this Quran had been Revealed unto a great man from the two towns [43:31] و قال وا ل ن ن ؤ م ن ل ك ح ت ت ف ج ر ل نا م ن األ ر ض ي ن ب وعا إ ىل ق و ل هك تابا ن ق ر ؤ ه And they say: We will never believe in you until you cause a spring to gush out for us from the ground as a fountain [17:90] - up to His azwj Words: a letter to read [17:93]. ث ق يل ل ه يف آخ ر ذ ل ك : ل و ك ن ت ن ب ي ا ك م وس ى ل ن ز ل ت ع ل ي ن ا الص اع ق ة - يف م س أ ل ت ن ا إ ل ي ك أل ن م س أ ل ت ن ا أ ش د م ن م س أ ل ة ق و م م وس ى ل م وس ى. Then it was said to him saww at the end of that, If you saww were a Prophet as like Musa as, the thunderbolt would have descended upon us during our questioning you saww, because our questioning is more severe than the questioning of the people of Musa as (was) to Musa as. ن ه ي ه. ق ال : و ذ ل ك أ ن ر س ول الل ه ص ك ان ق اع دا ذ ات ي و م ب ك ة ب ف ن اء ال ك ع ب ة إ ذ اج ت م ع مج اع ة م ن ر ؤ س اء ق ر ي ش م ن ه م : ال و ل يد ب ن ال م غ ري ة ال م خ ز وم ي و أ ب و ال ب خ ت ي ب ن ه ش ام و أ ب و ج ه ل ب ن ه ش ام و ال ع اص ب ن و ائ ل الس ه م ي و ع ب د الل ه ب ن أ يب أ م ي ة ال م خ ز وم ي و ك ان م ع ه م مج ع م ن ي ل يه م ك ث ري و ر س ول الل ه ص يف ن ف ر م ن أ ص ح اب ه - ي ق ر أ ع ل ي ه م ك ت اب الل ه و ي ؤ د ي إ ل ي ه م ع ن الل ه أ م ر ه و 22 out of 59
He asws said: And that is, that Rasool-Allah saww was seated one day in Makkah, by the courtyard of the Kabah, when a group of the chiefs of the Quraysh gathered from them were Al-Waleed Bin Al-Mugheira Al-Makhzoumy, and Abu Al-Bakhtary Bin Hisham, and Abu Jahl Bin Hisham, and Al-Aas Bin Wa il Al-Sahmy, and Abdullah Bin Abu Amayya Al-Makhzoumy and with them was a large group of the ones who followed them. And Rasool-Allah saww was among a number of his saww companions reciting to them the Book of Allah azwj, and entrusting to them, on behalf of Allah azwj, His azwj Commands and His azwj Prohibitions. ل أ م ر حم م د و ع ظ م خ ط ب ه ف ت ع ال و ا ن ب د أ ب ت ق ر يع ه و ت ب ك يت ه و ت و ب يخ ه و ا ل ح ت جا ج ف ق ال ال م ش ر ك ون ب ع ض ه م ل ب ع ض : ل ق د اس ت ف ح ع ل ي ه و إ ب ط ال م ا ج اء ب ه - ل ي ه ون خ ط ب ه ع ل ى أ ص ح اب ه و ي ص غ ر ق د ر ه ع ن د ه م ف ل ع ل ه ي ن ز ع ع م ا ه و ف يه م ن غ ي ه و ب اط ل ه و ت ر د ه و ط غ ي ان ه ف إ ن ان ت ه ى و إ ل ع ام ل ن اه ب الس ي ف ال ب ات ر. So the Polytheists said to each other, The matter of Muhammad saww has grown strong, and his sermons (have become) great. Come, let us censure him saww, and reproach him saww, and rebuke him saww, and argue against him saww, and invalidate whatever he saww has come with in order to humiliate his saww sermons upon his saww companions, and belittle his saww worth in their presence. Perhaps he saww would be removed from what he saww is (indulging) in, from his saww error and his saww falsehood, and his saww rebellion and his saww tyranny. So either it ends, or else we shall work with the sharp sword. ق ال أ ب و ج ه ل : ف م ن ]ذ ا[ ال ذ ي ي ل ي ك ال م ه و جم اد ل ت ه ق ال ع ب د الل ه ب ن أ يب أ م ي ة ال م خ ز وم ي : أ ن ا إ ىل ذ ل ك أ ف م ا ت ر ض ا ن ل ه ق ر نا ح س يبا و جم اد ل ك ف ي ا ق ال أ ب و ج ه ل : ب ل ى Abu Jahl la said: So who is that who would follow his saww speech and contest it? Abdullah Bin Abu Amayya Al-Makhzoumy said, I am for that. Are you not pleased with me for as a counterpart to reckon with, a sufficing debater? Abu Jahl la said, Yes. ف أ ت و ه ب أ مج ع ه م ف اب ت د أ ع ب د الل ه ب ن أ يب أ م ي ة ال م خ ز وم ي ف ق ال : ي ا حم م د ل ق د اد ع ي ت د ع و ى ع ظ يم ة و ق ل ت م ق ال ه ائ ال ز ع م ت أ ن ك ر س ول الل ه ر ب ال ع ال م ني و م ا ي ن ب غ ي ل ر ب ال ع ال م ني و خ ال ق اخل ل ق أ مج ع ني- أ ن ي ك ون م ث ل ك ر س ول ل ه! So they came altogether, and Abdullah Bin Abu Amayya initiated, and he said, O Muhammad saww! You saww have claimed a great claim, and you saww said a speech which boggles (the mind). You saww claimed that you saww are a Rasool saww of the Lord azwj of the worlds, and it is not befitting for the Lord azwj of the worlds and Creator of the entire creatures that the likes of you saww should become a Rasool as for Him azwj. ب ش ر م ث ل ن ا ت أ ك ل ك م ا ن أ ك ل و ت ش ي يف األ س و اق ك م ا من ش ي ف ه ذ ا م ل ك الر وم و ه ذ ا م ل ك ال ف ر س ل ي ب عث ان ر س ول إ ل ك ث ري ال م ال ع ظ يم احل ال ل ه ق ص ور و د ور ]و ب س ات ني [ و ف س اط يط و خ ي ام و ع ب ي د و خ د ام و ر ب ال ع ال م ني ف و ق ه ؤ ل ء ك ل ه م أ مج ع ني ف ه م ع ب يد ه و ل و ك ن ت ن ب ي ا ل ك ان م ع ك م ل ك ي ص د ق ك و ن ش اه د ه (You saww are) a person like us, eating just as we eat, and walking in the markets just as we walk. So this is the king of Rome, and this is the king of Persia, they do not 23 out of 59