CHAPTER V THE GROWTH OF CRIME RATES IN MAHARASHTRA 5.1: Introduction: The rapidly increasing crimes & the spatical concentration of them have been the most disturbing factors in industrial society. The literacy state is high in the wean society; the criminal tendency is so dominate there. According to Mishap (1967), the increasing the crimes & social conflicts as being external discontents, arrive from the political observation of government with economics growth and a neglect of the social consequence accompanying such politics. In the words of Harries, (1974).The public opinion Pre- indicates that crime is very important issue in the urban complex. Table 5.1 Cognigable Crimes in Maharashtra (1984-2004) Name of the crime 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1997 2004 Murder 1580 2179 2248 2772 3121 2826 2696 Attempt murder to 580 837 956 1298 1587 1322 1463 Rape 428 690 781 869 1145 1246 1388 Dacoity 633 632 687 812 772 716 629 Robbery 3222 3224 3346 3496 3367 2783 2229 House breaking theft. 14947 14035 14707 15008 15626 15968 14659 Theft. 51587 53156 56153 57795 52192 46233 43952 Roit. 3765 4831 3766 3847 4401 6871 5980 Hurt. 17361 25938 29280 31078 29697 31332 30122 1
of Crime Rate in Maharashtra (1981 to 2004) No. of Cognigible Crime 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1997 2004 Year Figure 5.1: of crime rate in Maharashtra Murder Attempt to Murder Rape Dacoity Figure 5.2: of crime rate in Maharashtra 2
Table 5.2 Non cognigable crime Name the crime of 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1997 2004 Gambling 39520 48743 42923 38954 37932 15033 21331 Prohibition 157053 153549 160398 141333 128737 105584 121028 Fig 5.3: of Crime rate in Maharashtra (Non cognigable crimes) 3
The state of Maharashtra is one of the fore runners states in terms of economical industrial and agricultural field in India. Similarly, the growth of population is very tremendous. Though we find tremendous development and progress in Maharashtra, we also noticed the rate of crime has gone up equally speedly. The crime have been classified in two different types, cognigeable and non cognigeable. Table no 5.1 shows that the growth of different cognigible crimes in Maharashtra during period of 1981-2004. It indicates that the growth of murder, attempts to murder, rape and theft has been increased from 1981 upto 1993. But from 1997-2004, the growth of these crimes has decreased. The growth rate of dacoity robbery and house breaking theft has been increased from 1981-1990 however after 1990 the growth of these crimes has decreased. The increasing trend of the crime of riot is shown contunuosely. Similarly the growth of crime hurt also increased upto 1997. It reveals that the general increasing growth pattern of all crimes is shown upto 1993 and it has been declared from 1997. Table no 5.2 indicates that the growth of non-ccognigible crimes in Maharashtra. The two crimes of gambling and prohibition are included in this category. The growth of these two crimes was bery high in different periods from 1981to 1987. The rate of these crimes is increased but in 1990 to 2004 it is decreasing. This chapter deals with the growth of the crime of murder in the state of Maharashtra in the year 1981, 1984, 1987,1990,1993,1997 & 2004. The discussion confines to district level to identity. The districts with the high concentration of murder & the areas with negligible amount of such cases. 5.2 The of Crime of Murder: (1984-2004) Murder can be defined as a crime of Taking some ones life by killing a relative a friends of any person with whom the offender has same enmity of has a desire to plunder someone for money or property am act of murder is performed due to some strong inner forces, sometime consciously & sometimes unconsciously. Its implications remain more complex than in other crimes. We read in newspapers the stereo-type motives behind According to Indian Penal Code, it is an act of causing death of a human being with requisite knowledge & intention. This is definition has a 4
number of loopholes, by the murder cases mostly published to create sensation the different newspaper express different motives behind the same cases. The Crime of Murder: It is almost beyond the knowledge of the criminal, and he is not conscious of also of the inner forces that make him do an act murder, and its implications are implicating more in complexity than any other crime, However, the newspaper make the news their and publish murders than every nook and corner in a stereo type of publicity, the news items of murder in the newspaper s indicate diversities of motives in ale the murder cases. Every year hundreds of murders are committed in Maharashtra majority of murder are found to be due to party politics, sexual intrigues, language and trouble making. Only a few murders are such that they are done for pens and gain and whim. The cause for murder has psychological roof in the aggressive killer who takes resort to attack and defense. A state like Maharashtra, which is rapidly increasing in population, so naturally life is cheap which can be destroyed accepted violently or in a normal way. Such things like murder are accepted by the public with a usual sense of resignation The persons who assaults or moment homicides and the situations under which they act are more varied than the categories of murder man slaughter and assaults homicidal personal and violent way. This homicidal person in negligent and his behavior is serious assaults over the victim. Many of these criminals have an international setting and a role of career of killing concept. They have another background of social class, with a family back ground having peerage group of association and defending agencies. The definition of murder according to the Indian penal code is that it is an act of causing death of a human being with requisites knowledge and intention. There are a number of loop holes in the low by which the degree of murder is reduced and even free the culprit from the blame and its consequences. Murder is a major cognizable offence in the pen code. Yet, in Maharashtra, the case of murder are prevalent in a wide spread way. The statistics of murders cases show that the murder incidents are increasing since 1981 in Maharashtra. Temporal and Ecological characteristics of murder: 5
In Philadelphia, murder cases were studied and it was found homicides occurred frequently on week ends was found homicides occurred frequently on weekends 66 percent murder happened between Friday and Sunday and 32% murders happened on Saturday only. (Wolfgang, patterns of criminal Homicide; pp 96-119). Bensing and Schroeder found that 62percent of the homicides occurred in cleveland on the same three days (Being and Schroeder, Homicides in an urban community pp; 8-10)while locating occurrence of the act of violence, more particularly in both Philadelphia and Cleveland cases, it was found that the criminal events commonly took place between 8.00 pm and 2.00 am. (Ref:- Bensing and Scherodes, Homicides in an urban community pp 8-10, Wolfgang Patterns of criminal Homicides pp 96 119 ). In every case, the unsteady state of the mind of the criminal in doing violence was observed and they had relations to the particular days of the week labour and weekend leisure Proximity of persons increased the use of drinks by which the weekends served to increase the potential for their violent out burst. The murder percentage has double the span of 25 years in Maharashtra. According to the rate of percentage, we can divide them into three categories as under: High crime regions in Maharashtra Medium crime regions in Maharashtra Low crime regions in Maharashtra 1. High crime regions in Maharashtra: The district level data (Table No.5.3) between 1981 to 2004 shows that the bulk of murders have gone up in most districts of Maharashtra from 1981 2004. In the districts of Osmanabad (Solapur rural, Thane rural and Thane city, Ahamednagar, Nasik rural, the murders are much more in 1981. Murder is a big problem in solapur rural and Thane rural area. Similarly Ahamadnagar Nasik and Thane rural have reported increase in the bulk of murder cases. A part of central Maharashtra has high proportion of crimes in the state from 1981 to 2004. It is very remarkable that this area in ranked high in most of the cognizable crimes. In 1981, the rate of crimes was high in districts namely. Thane city 4.55 percent, Nasik rural 4.30 percent, Ahamednagar 4.05 percent, Solapur rural 6.51 percent highest in the state Osmanabad 4.30 percent 6
In 1984, only Solapur rural, Thane rural, Thane city and Bombay city were the high criminal regions. In Bombay city 13.14 percent, Thane city 4.55 percent, Thane rural 4.37 percent and Solapur rural 6.51 percent. In 1987, Solapur had 4.31 percent, Thane rural 4.53percent, Nagpur 4.53 percent, Thane city 6.58 percent and Bombay 12.67 percent, in 1990, the reported percentage of murder crimes were: Solapur rural 5.19 percent, Thane rural 5.48 percent, Nagpur 4.32 percent and Bombay city 15.76 percent, in the year 1993 only three districts are found to be highest in murder crimes Thane rural 4.61 percent, Thane city 4.54 percent, Bombay city 22.01 percent, in the year 1997, Thane rural 4.63 percent, Nagpur city 4.67 percent, Thane city 5.34 percent, and Bombay city 10.19 percent murders were respectively. In the year 2004 the murder crimes recorded were Pune 4.90 percent, Thane rural 5.34 percent, Nagpur city 4.15 percent, Bombay city 9.38 percent. During last ten years the bulk of murder crimes have slowly decreased in Thane rural Thane city and Bombay city. These are usually high crimes regions in Maharashtra. Due to factors the above regions were classified as crime regions. Those factors can be enumerated as below.many crime areas are of hot temperature and the scarcity of rains we may include them drought areas.in these parts property disputes are numerous which lead to numbers.the areas characteristics of their frontiers which does not allow a stable social mould capable of meaningfully enclosing the individual and the group behavior.the political competition and participation of the youth. Communalism, castism, class conflict, sexual dealings and personal recourses to vengeance (bloodthirsty) Jealousy in partnership arising out of frustrated love. Aggressive type of murders belongs to a separate category in which the most frequent murders are due alcoholic condition. In Maharashtra drunkenness plays a big part in murders, assaults and rioting. These are the motivations for murder. In particular parts of Maharashtra the murder crime rate is high. Every year hundred of murder is committed on Maharashtra state. Majority of them are found to have been committed due to reasons like party fends sexual intrigues, revenge, earning easy money, usurping areas property, either for more enjoyment or 7
for earning name & publicity or just to spread dread. In a few areas, murder is committed for some personal gains & for killing. Often psychological roots have been observed in an aggressive murder that resorts to attack & defend him. A state of Maharashtra here population has been increasing so rapidly, life seems it have lost its value. If has became so cheap that can be destroyed easily. Now murders are accepted by the public with a general of resignation. Temporal & Ecological Characteristics of Murders: In Philadelphia, murder cases were studied & it was found that homicides occurred frequently on weekends. Of the total 66 percent murders happened only on Saturdays. Bemusing & Schroeder discovered that 62 percent of the total homicides occurred in Cleveland on the some there day. While locating occurrence of the act of violence more particularly in both, Philadelphia & Cleveland, it was found that the criminal events commonly took place between 8.00 pm & 2.00 am. In every case, the unsteady state of criminal mind engaged in violence was observed. According to which, it became clear that the particular days of the week of labor & weekend leisure had a peculiar association. Proximity of persons increased the use of drinks by which the weekends served increase the potential for the violent outbursts of crimes. Table 5.3 shows that the actual number of murder cases has increased in Maharashtra from 1580 in 1981 to 2178 in 1984. During this period, the decline in rainfall & consequential low agricultural production might have severely affected the various communities. As has been discovered, more the financial problems, higher are the rate of crimes. It also has been found that the growths of murder cases at district level ranges from the minimum of 1.79% in Kolhapur district to the maximum of 3.04% in Ratanagiri district. In contrast to this observation the substantial decline in the growth rate of murder cases also has been seen in the year 1984 in Akola, Beed, Nanded, Jalgaon, Sangli & Thane districts. While the same rate has been observed below 0% in Satara, Pharbhani, Yavatmal, Solhapur,Osmanabad,Buldhana districts. The average growth rate in Maharashtra state has been 37.91 percent. In the year 1987, 2248 murder cases were in the Maharashtra. The overall increase indicated is 3.17% over the previous percentage recorded in 1984. The highest of it was registered in Parbhani district (71.79%). While the lowest of it was found in 8
Osmanabad district (2.98%). The high growth rate of murder cases was discovered in Nagpur, Kolhapur,Yavatmal, Buldhana, Satara, Dhule, Beed & Bhandara. Of these eight districts, Kolhapur and Satara are well developed & well settled, economically, industrially & politically. The political brawls & discontents, envy about one s superiority have been the reasons behind these cases in these two districts. On the other hand, the hot climate prevalence of drought, desire to earn easy money, Poverty, financial crises have been the responsible facts for such cases in Yavatmal, Buldhana, Dhule, Beed and Bhanadara districts. Converse to this, the districts like Mumba, Thane, Sangli, Raigad, Naded, Aurangabad & Ratanagiri, registered this crime cases below 0 % (Minimum 0 %). In the year 1990, the total number of murder crimes registered was 2772, which indications on overall increase of 23.31% over that of registered in 1987. The growth rate of murder cases at district level ranges from the minimum of 3.54 % in Satara district to the maximum of 66% in Chandrapur district. Out of the total districts of Maharashtra, 21 districts indicate high growth rate of murder crime, & the remained ones except for Yavatmal, Amaravati, Sangli, Vardha and Pharabhani where it is negative show the positive growth trend. From the year 1990 to 1993, it appears that the growth rate of murder cases has taken towards ascending tendency. The highest number of cases was registered in the district of Mumbai, Yavatmal, Sangli, Beed, Amaravati, Parabhani, Nanded, Nagapur, Jalgaon & Chandrapur. In Mumbai district, the murder crime increased to 57.21%, & in the district of Yavatmal, it increased to 33.33% in the year 1993. The total number of cases registered was 3121 in all the districts of Maharashtra, Which indicate the overall growth rate at 12.59% many districts such as Nashik, Ahamadnagar, Thane, Buldhana, Dhule, Kolhapur, Akola, Bhandara, Satara and Solapur indicate the growth rate below 0%. The table 3.1 reveals one striking feature that is in 1993, the great number of murder happened for no specific motives or cases. 9
Sr. No. 1981-1984 1984-1987 Table No 5.3 of Crime Rate in Specific Period of Murder 1987-1990 1990-1993 1993-1997 1 Ratnagiri 90.40 Parbhani 71.79 Chandrapur 66.00 G. Bombay 57.21 Akola 57.14 Osmanabad 57.35 2 Akola 78.95 Nagpur 25.00 Nagpur 60.00 Yavatmal 33.33 Bhandara 54.10 Raigad 38.64 3 Beed 77.27 Kolhapur 24.56 G. Bombay 53.33 Sangli 25.86 Buldhana 43.14 Nasik 36.62 4 Nanded 35.42 Yavatmal 20.00 Thane 49.02 Beed 25.00 Satara 41.51 Pune 33.33 5 Jalgaon 33.33 Buldhana 18.18 Solapur 48.45 Amravati 22.37 Nagpur 15.12 Aurangabad 20.98 6 Sangli 32.69 Satara 16.36 Nanded 47.06 Parbhani 21.43 Amravati 12.90 Parbhani 10.00 7 Thane 31.76 Dhule 16.18 Pune 44.12 Nanded 21.33 Dhule 10.11 Thane 9.92 8 Wardha 24.32 Beed 15.38 Buldhana 43.59 Nagpur 19.44 Yavatmal 9.72 Sangli 7.81 9 Aurangabad 22.89 Bhandara 15.09 Beed 33.33 Jalgaon 18.18 Chandrapur 8.16 Ahmadnagar 3.16 10 Amravati 22.81 Amravati 12.86 Ahmadnagar 31.51 Chandrapur 18.07 Nanded 7.69 Solapur 1.05 11 Pune 13.79 Jalgaon 12.50 Kolhapur 25.35 Osmanabad 14.66 Parbhani 2.94 Akola 0.00 12 Nasik 13.24 Solapur 8.99 Dhule 24.05 Wardha 8.70 Ahmadnagar 2.15 Chandrapur 0.00 13 Raigad 11.32 Wardha 8.70 Jalgaon 22.22 Raigad 5.36 Solapur -1.04 Yavatmal 0.00 14 Nagpur 9.09 Ahmadnagar 7.35 Bhandara 18.03 Pune 5.10 Pune -3.88 G. Bombay -2.78 15 Dhule 7.94 Nasik 6.49 Akola 15.79 Aurangabad 2.27 Jalgaon -7.09 Nanded -7.14 16 Chandrapur 6.52 Pune 3.03 Nasik 14.63 Ratnagiri 2.27 Wardha -8.00 Wardha -8.70 17 Ahmadnagar 6.25 Chandrapur 2.04 Osmanabad 11.94 Nasik -1.06 Thane -9.03 Beed -10.94 18 Bhandara 6.00 Osmanabad 2.98 Aurangabad 11.39 Ahmadnagar -3.13 Aurangabad -10.00 Kolhapur -12.90 19 Kolhapur 1.79 G. Bombay -2.73 Raigad 7.69 Thane -5.26 Sangli -12.33 Jalgaon -13.54 20 Satara -1.79 Thane -8.93 Ratnagiri 7.31 Buldhana -8.93 Beed 14.67 Satara -21.33 21 Parbhani -2.50 Sangli -10.14 Satara 3.13 Dhule -9.18 Osmanabad -20.93 Ratnagiri -25.71 22 Yavatmal -4.26 Raigad -11.86 Yavatmal 0.00 Kolhapur -11.24 Kolhapur -21.52 Nagpur -28.28 23 Solapur -13.59 Akola -16.18 Amravati -3.80 Akola -15.15 Ratnagiri -22.22 Dhule -31.67 24 Osmanabad -33.67 Nanded -21.54 Sangli -6.45 Bhandara -15.28 Nasik -23.66 Buldhana -34.25 25 Buldhana -36.54 Aurangabad -22.54 Wardha -8.00 Satara -19.70 Raigad -25.42 Amravati -42.86 26 G. Bombay NA Ratnagiri -58.16 Parbhani -16.42 Solapur -33.33 G. Bombay -52.98 Bhandara -47.87 Tot al Maharashtra 37.91 3.17 Maharashtra 23.31 12.59 Maharashtra -9.45-4.60 1997-2004 10
The table further reveals that the volume of murder cases has decreased during the period of years 1997 to 2004. The year 1997 registered 2826 as the total number of murder cases which indicate the overall decrease of -9.45% over that of in 1993. In this year, the maximum growth rate was seen in Akola district which was 57.14% followed by Bhandara where it was 54.10% the minimum was found in Ahamadnagar which amounted to 2.15%. The positive growth rate was found in 12 districts while 26 districts indicate negative trend. In the year 2004, the total number of murder cases registered was 2696, which shows an overall decrease by -4.60% the maximum growth rate of the cases was 57.35% found in Osmanabad district, followed by Pune with 33.33% & Aurangabad with 20.98%. Parabhani showed 10.00%, Thane 9.92%, Sangli 7.81%, Ahamadnagar 3.16% and Solapur just 1.05%. But Akola, Chandrapur & Yavatmal registered 0% and the rate of the 13 districts indicate negative trend. Though the years 1997 and 2004, indicate the overall decrease in the number murder cases, the shocking thing found is, the more crimes occur in the urban areas which are agriculturally & industrially well developed as well as in the areas which are drought proned. The data collected reveals that there had been the decreases in murder cases (from -9.45% in 1997 to 4.60% in 2004). The reasons for such descending trend could be the following ones: 1) The person who communist such an act of murder knows very well how imminently dangerous it can be, that may probably cause physical Injury of death. Perhaps, the knowledge & the awareness about the sequences prior to the act have reduced the growth rate of murder cases during the period mentioned above. 2) Higher percentage of literacy has definite close association with the lower occurances of such crimes. Maharashtra has some district like Pune, kolhapur, Nagpur, Ahmadnagar & Satara with high literacy percentage.consequently there low growth of crime of murder. 3) The district having overall development economically sound conditions & even cultural richness have contributed to bring down the crime rate. 4) The low growth rate of crime in districts like Akola, Aurangabad, Satara, Sangli., Buldhana, Ratnagiri, Nashik, Raigad, Jalgaon & Dhule can be attributed to the increasing awareness among the masses regarding avaricious act of murder. 11
5.3 Attempts to Murder: (1984-2004) The second major & serious, cognizable crime is an attempt to murder. According to Indian penal code(ipc), an attempt to murder is, whoever does any act with an intention to cause death would be held guilty & shall be punished with imprisonment of either 104 for a term which may be extended to ten year, & shall also be liable to fine, & if, hurt is caused to any person by such an act, the offender shall be liable either to 104 ( imprisonment for life) or to such punishment as is herein before mentioned. A person involved in an attempt to murder case is psychologically unbalanced, disturbed person, who suffers from certain phobia, & jealousy emerging out of family feuds & brawls & hence, the culprit attempt to remove the one whom he holds his opponent. Under such circumstance, he seems to have lost his senses, his wit & hence, beyond understanding the seriousness of punishment his crime may incur. The offence of attempting to murder is equivalent to actual murder. Sometime such crimes are done by persons at the commands of some politically influential persons or some landlords, where, it is done to gain some money for meeting the daily need. Sometimes, it is done under the effect of mob psychology. At such occasions, the culprit, whether literate or illiterate, doesn t matter. The offence sometimes is committed unceasingly under the influence of uncontrollable anger, superiority complex, person s prejudices etc. In Maharashtra, it is observed that the crime of attempt to murder has occurred in the areas which are drought prone as well the areas which have ample rainfall. The majority of the criminals involved in this crime are found to be the youngsters who are swayed away by the false impact of T.V. programs & hot scenes in films. The influence of weather, the climatic conditions & geographical features also affect the minds of the inhabitants of peculiar districts which induce them to commit crimes such as attempt to murder. Table 4.4 In the year 1981, the total number of cases of attempt to murder in Maharashtra registered was 580 & in the year 1984, it was 837. The average percentage of the growth rate of this crime in Maharashtra was 4.31%. The highest percentage was recorded in Bhandara district which amounted to 6.25% & the minimum of it was found in Kolhapur district which was as low as 4.76% and Pune 4.00%. The growth 12
Table No 5.4 of Crime Rate in Specific Period of Attempts to murder Sr. No. 1981-1984 1984-1987 1987-1990 1990-1993 1993-1997 1 Bhandara 625.00 Yavatmal 141.67 Bhandara 120.00 Buldhana 116.67 Solapur 67.86 Parbhani 107.41 2 Yavatmal 300.00 Satara 122.22 Solapur 103.85 Beed 96.30 Pune 59.26 Yavatmal 106.67 3 Wardha 127.27 Solapur 116.67 Chandrapur 100.00 Osmanabad 85.18 Sangli 28.57 Nanded 86.36 4 Beed 83.33 Sangli 100.00 Nanded 88.89 Parbhani 78.57 Thane 20.69 Nasik 86.36 5 Raigad 68.75 Nagpur 100.00 Bombay 88.66 Nanded 73.53 Nagpur 6.00 Kolhapur 68.75 6 Chandrapur 62.5 Chandrapur 61.53 Jalgaon 75.00 Nagpur 61.29 Chandrapur 2.04 Dhule 65.00 7 Parbhani 61.57 Beed 63.64 Sangli 71.43 Satara 58.62 Kolhapur 0.00 Ahmadnagar 32.56 8 Dhule 60.00 Aurangabad 54.83 Nasik 64.29 Yavatmal 51.85 Satara 0.00 Aurangabad 34.21 9 Thane 48.48 Akola 52.38 Ratnagiri 60.00 Akola 46.39 Wardha -3.70 Chandrapur 36.00 10 Aurangabad 34.78 Amravati 31.43 Parbhani 55.56 Jalgaon 38.78 Akola -10.00 Beed 27.27 11 Akola 31.25 Ahmadnagar 26.09 Beed 50.00 Bombay 25.08 Raigad -11.76 Thane 25.71 12 Nagpur 30.77 Bombay 16.27 Ahmadnagar 41.38 Ahmadnagar 24.39 Ahmadnagar -15.69 Akola 22.22 13 Nasik 27.55 Osmanabad 12.5 Dhule 30.77 Raigad 21.43 Buldhana 7.11 Jalgaon 21.88 14 Ahmadnagar 21.05 Raigad 11.11 Buldhana 28.57 Chandrapur 16.66 Ratnagiri 11.11 Buldhana 9.38 15 Osmanabad 20.00 Kolhapur 9.09 Akola 28.13 Wardha 17.39 Bhandara -19.44 Osmanabad 2.70 16 Jalgaon 08.00 Dhule 8.23 Wardha 27.78 Aurangabad 14.63 Nanded -25.42 Sangli -3.70 17 Kolhapur 4.76 Pune 3.85 Kolhapur 20.83 Kolhapur 10.34 Aurangabad -19.14 Wardha -3.85 18 Pune 4.00 Jalgaon 7.07 Pune 18.52 Ratnagiri 12.5 Osmanabad -26.00 Raigad -6.67 19 Nanded -13.04 Ratnagiri 0.00 Thane 17.65 Bhandara 9.09 Amravati -26.67 Solapur -8.51 20 Buldhana -28.57 Buldhana -6.67 Amravati 6.52 Dhule -5.88 Yavatmal -26.83 Amravati -15.15 21 Amravati -30.00 Nanded -10.00 Osmanabad 0.00 Amravati -8.16 Nasik -37.14 Bhandara -24.14 22 Satara -35.71 Parbhani -14.29 Yavatmal -6.90 Sangli -12.50 Dhule -37.50 Satara -25.93 23 Sangli -50.00 Wardha -28.00 Nagpur -8.82 Pune -15.63 Beed -37.74 Bombay -22.81 24 Ratnagiri -52.38 Nasik -24.32 Aurangabad 14.58 Nasik -23.91 Parbhani -46.00 Pune -27.91 25 Solapur -52.00 Thane -30.61 Satara -15.00 Thane -27.60 Jalgaon -52.94 Nagpur -49.06 26 Bombay NA Bhandara -48.28 Raigad 53.53 Solapur -47.17 Bombay -41.44 Ratnagiri -93.75 Tot al Maharashtra 44.31 14.22 Maharashtra 35.77 22.27 Maharashtra 1997-2004 -16.70 10.67 13
rate of this crime registered in other districts was as follows: Yavatmal 300%, Vardha 127.27%, Beed 83.33%, Raigad 68.75%, Chandrapur 62.5%, Parbhani 61.54% & Dhule 60%. The district such as Yavatmal, Beed, Parbhani belong to not climatic belt, while Bhandra, Raigad, Chandrapur and Dhule belong to tribal populated belt, where illiteracy prevails & hence, disregard to law & order gains. The rest of the district such as Thane, Aurangabad, Akola, Nagpur, Ahamednagar, Osmanabad, Jalgaon, Kolhapur and Pune show the negative growth rate of this crime. The comparision between the growth rates of this crime case recorded in 1987 with that of in 1984, it is observed that there is reductions in the cases by 14.22%.In the year 1987, the maximum percentage of this crime was recorded upto 141.67%.In Yavatmal districts & the minimum of it to 7.70% in Jalgaon district. Ratnagiri district recorded 0% growth & the district like Buldhana, Nanded, Parbhani, Vardha, Nashik, Thane and Bhandara showed the negative trend. The total number of cases of attempt to murder registered on Maharashtra in 1990 was 1298. The average growth rate amounts to 35.77% out of 26 districts, 11 districts indicate the high growth rate which is above 50%. The other 11 districts show the range of it between 6.52% to 43.38%. The remaining 4 district show shows the negative trend. However, the comparison of the growth rate in 1990 with that of in 1987 appears almost doubled, which perhaps was due to political fends, elections clashes, financial disputes, unemployment etc. The year 1993, the average growth rate came down 22.27%. However, some district like Buldhana (116.67%), Beed (96.30%), Osmanabad (85.18%), Parbhani (78.57%), Nanded (73.53%) Nagpur(61.29%) & Satara (58.62%) registered the high growth rate. Akola, Jalgaon, Mumbai, Ahmednagar, Raigad, Chandrapur, Vardha, Aurangabad, Kolhapur, Ratnagiri & Bhandara district etc. Registered the cases ranging from 9.09% to 46.39%. The rest of them, such as Sangli, Solapur, etc. showed the negative trend. In the years 1997 & 2004, again, it is observed that the growth rate has declined.in the year 1997, the highest of it was registered in Solapur district which was 67.86% followed by Pune ( 59.26%). Sangli registered 28.57%, Thane 20.64%, Nagpur 6.00% and Chandrapur, just 2.04% Kolhapur & Satara had 0% the remaining 16 districts indicated the negative rate. 14
In the year of 2004, the maximum growth rate of these cases was seen in Parabhani (107.41%) the medium of it in Osmanabad (2.70%). The 10 districts registered the minus growth rate.in comparison to the previous years, this year recorded the lesser cases of attempt to murder. The reasons could be educational, financial & industrial developments, awareness towards civilized outlook & knowledge of law & order among the masses. 5.4 Rate of Dacoits (1984-2004) Dacoits, now-a- days on increasing crime, is certainly very harmful to the social life. Dacoits, though, earn their livings through this act; they cause a lot of suffering, physical & mental to those whom they loot. They cause serious injuries, sometimes, permanent disabilities. Family lives are destroyed. In India different kinds of dacoits are found. Some of them are professional worked out by gangs. Some create terror in particular regions taking advantage of specific geographical conditions. These dacoits exploit the people in the areas. In such cases, they target women & weak people. Recently, it also has been discovered that the dacoits create disturbances at wedding ceremonies & rob the wealth, ornaments & money off & run away with young girls & women. The state of Maharashtra also has witnessed this serious offence. 15
Sr. No. 1981-1984 Table No 5.5 of Crime Rate in Specific Period of Dacoity 1984-1987 1987-1990 1990-1993 1993-1997 1 Pune 1450.00 Wardha 200.00 Ratnagiri 500.00 Chandrapur 542.85 Akola 191.66 Nasik 233.33 2 Chandrapur 175.00 Yavatmal 168.75 Wardha 300.00 Sangli 450.00 Buldhana 133.33 Ratnagiri 200.00 3 Yavatmal 77.77 Parbhani 155.00 Mumbai 95.38 Bhandara 220.00 Nanded 93.44 Bhandara 166.66 4 Buldhana 63.63 Jalgaon 95.45 Ahmadnagar 72.22 Osmanabad 152.00 Pune 71.42 Raigad 160.00 5 Thane 48.64 Nagpur 90.00 Amravati 71.42 Beed 100.00 Bhandara 62.50 Osmanabad 103.12 6 Nasik 44.00 Akola 81.81 Nasik 64.70 Ratnagiri 80.00 Satara 33.33 Satara 100.00 7 Jalgaon 37.50 Aurangabad 72.22 Dhule 57.14 Dhule 68.18 Aurangabad 28.94 Nanded 89.13 8 Nagpur 25.00 Osmanabad 68.42 Thane 42.85 Nanded 52.50 Solapur 28.57 Aurangabad 63.26 9 Raigad 12.90 Amravati 55.55 Solapur 33.33 Nagpur 46.66 Jalgaon 23.52 Jalgaon 57.14 10 Akola 10.00 Satara 50.00 Kolhapur 30.00 Solapur 31.25 Thane 17.94 Thane 54.34 11 Dhule 4.00 Nanded 43.75 Pune 26.08 Ahmadnagar 12.90 Yavatmal 0.00 Pune 47.22 12 Aurangabad 0.00 Sangli 42.85 Osmanabad 21.42 Parbhani 08.69 Parbhani -04.00 Buldhana 9.92 13 Bhandara 0.00 Beed 41.66 Aurangabad 19.35 Thane -02.5 Wardha -14.28 Kolhapur -9.09 14 Kolhapur -6.66 Bhandara 25.00 Satara 16.66 Mumbai -7.87 Mumbai -15.38 Nagpur -15.38 15 Beed -7.69 Ahmadnagar 20.00 Buldhana 15.00 Raigad -10.52 Sangli -18.18 Wardha -16.66 16 Sangli -22.22 Chandrapur 15.38 Akola 10.00 Satara -14.28 Kolhapur -22.22 Chandrapur -26.66 17 Nanded -27.27 Mumbai 14.03 Bhandara 00.00 Amravati -16.66 Amravati -25.00 Sangli -33.33 18 Parbhani -44.44 Buldhana 11.11 Raigad -9.52 Jalgaon -26.08 Nagpur -40.90 Solapur -44.44 19 Ratnagiri -50.00 Pune -25.80 Nanded -13.04 Pune -27.58 Dhule -43.24 Yavatmal -46.15 20 Solapur -52.00 Kolhapur -28.57 Beed -14.70 Nasik -28.57 Ratnagiri -44.44 Beed -53.12 21 Osmanabad -53.65 Raigad -40.00 Nagpur -21.05 Kolhapur -30.76 Beed -44.82 Amravati -53.33 22 Ahmadnagar -55.88 Dhule -46.15 Jalgaon -46.51 Yavatmal -31.57 Ahmadnagar -48.57 Akola -57.14 23 Satara -65.21 Thane -49.09 Chandrapur -53.33 Wardha -41.66 Nasik -55.00 Mumbai -57.57 24 Wardha -75.00 Solapur -50.00 Parbhani -54.90 Akola -45.45 Chandrapur -66.66 Ahmadnagar -66.66 25 Amravati -155.55 Nasik -52.00 Yavatmal -55.81 Aurangabad -48.64 Osmanabad -69.76 Parbhani -70.83 26 Mumbai NA Ratnagiri -100.00 Sangli -80.00 Buldhana -60.86 Raigad -70.98 Dhule -66.66 Tot al Maharashtra Maharashtra 1997-2004 16
In the year 1984, 632 dacoity crime cases were registered under IPC in Maharashtra. It is observed that during the period of 1981 to 1984, the number of dacoity case has increased. Pune district registered 145% the highest growth rate, while Dhule did the lowest of it 4.00%. Chandrapur recorded 175 % dacoit cases, Yavatmal 77.77%, Buldhana 63.63% cases. The moderate growth rate of dacoity was observed in Thane(48.64%), Nasik(44.00%), Jalgaon(37.50%), Nagpur(25.00%), Raigad(12.90%), Aurangabad & Bhandara districts had 0% growth rate of dacoity & the rest of the 14 districts indicated the negative trend. The year 1987 registered 687 dacoit cases which clearly show the increase over the cases registered in 1984. The Maximum dacoits took place in Aurangabad & Yavatmal district & the minimum of them took place in Bhandara districts. Pune, Kolhapur, Ratnagiri, Raigad, Dhule, Thane, Solapur & Nasik district registered negative growth rate. However, in the year 1990, the growth rate of this crime increased so high amounting to 500%. The highest was found in Ratnagiri (500%) followed by Wardha (300%), Mumbai registered the medium growth rate. The average of it all over Maharashstra was found at about 60%.The year 1993, too, recorded the high growth rate in specific regions. Chandrapur had 542.80% cases recorded followed by Sangli (450%), Bhandara (220%,) Beed (100%), The Northern Maharashtra & the vidharbha region recorded the highest dacoit cases, 13 districts fell under negative trend amounting to 60% of the total district in Maharashtra. In the year 1997, the highest growth rate of dacoit was recorded in 10 districts Akola (191.66%), Buldhana (133.33), Nanded (93.44%), Pune (71.42%) & Bhandara (62.50%). The medium growth rate was observed in Satara (33.33%), Aurangabad (28.94%), Solapur (28.57%), Jalgaon (23.52%) & Thane (17.94%). The 16 districts recorded 0% growth rate of dacoit. The last year considered for study, i.e. year 2004, also recorded the increase in the growth rate of dacoit. Nasik registered the highest rate. About 6 districts registered the growth rate above 100% while 14 districts recorded the negative trend. 5.5 Rate of Robbery: The crime of robbery, though stated as minor one under Indian Penal code, because it is performed forcibly by one individual or a group of same Individuals, it effects 17
losses of wealth, money, jewelry, grains, utensils & such & causes mental & sometimes physical sufferance to those concerned, & hence, it also must be taken seriously. Robbers, if obstructed from their doings, may go to the extremes of serious hurting, even murdering & enforcing rapes on women. Robbers can have no religion, nor a tribe. They range from any age group & sex. Particularly, it found that, these days the people are involved in this crime. The most striking reason behind has been the growing unemployment problem & the frustration it has created among the educated youngsters. The high growth rate of robbery cases were registered in the year 1984 in three districts of Bhandara(54.54%), Buldhana (33.33%) & Thane(25.77%). In Akola and Parabhani districts, the moderate growth rate was registered. The remaining 80% of districts indicated the minus growth rate. In the year 1987, crime of robbery increased Yavatmal recorded 72.34%, Aurangabad 48.29%, Nanded 45.09%, Mumbai 38.54%, Chandrapur 36.58%, Sangli 29.03 & Kolhapur 28.12%. Three districts- Beed (19.38%), Akola (11.11%) & Nagapur(10%) recorded the moderate growth rate. In the year 1990, the highest growth rate of robbery was found in Dhule (100%), Chandrapur (75.00%) & Ratnagiri (28.00%). The moderate growth was discovered in Mumbai (19.81) & Nanded (14.18%). The remaining about 75% districts indicated either low or minus growth rate of robbery. In the year 1993, the growth rate appeared increased.the high of it was found in pune, Raigad (83.33%), Vardha(76.66%), Osmanabad(90.87%), Jalgaon(35.08%), Beed(31.91%) 18
Sr. No. 1981-1984 Table no 5.6 of Crime Rate in Specific Period of robbery 1984-1987 1987-1990 1990-1993 1993-1997 1 Bhandara 54.54 Yavatmal 72.34 Dhule 100.00 Pune 105.12 Bhandara 25.71 Jalgaon 416.12 2 Buldhana 33.33 Aurangabad 48.29 Chandrapur 75.00 Raigad 83.33 Ahmadnagar 19.58 Chandrapur 265.45 3 Thane 25.77 Nanded 45.09 Ratnagiri 28.00 Wardha 76.66 Satara 12.50 Nasik 176.92 4 Akola 16.12 Mumbai 38.54 Mumbai 19.81 Osmanabad 50.87 Buldhana 9.52 Pune 170.58 5 Parbhani 10.08 Chandrapur 36.58 Nanded 14.18 Jalgaon 35.08 Thane 5.40 Satara 159.25 6 Amravati -0.59 Sangli 29.03 Solapur 9.23 Beed 31.91 Parbhani -0.90 Thane 143.58 7 Raigad -8.33 Kolhapur 28.12 Nasik 8.43 Bhandara 25.00 Aurangabad -3.30 Aurangabad 79.48 8 Nagpur -15.38 Beed 19.38 Nagpur 3.33 Parbhani 19.35 Beed -9.67 Osmanabad 69.33 9 Jalgaon -15.62 Akola 11.11 Ahmadnagar 2.06 Nagpur 14.51 Osmanabad -12.79 Nanded 49.09 10 Kolhapur -20.00 Nagpur 9.09 Kolhapur -2.43 Yavatmal 13.72 Sangli -14.81 Raigad 48.14 11 Aurangabad -25.00 Buldhana 8.57 Bhandara -6.66 Ahmadnagar 00.00 Pune -15.00 Kolhapur 47.82 12 Satara -25.39 Amravati 5.35 Amravati -6.77 Akola -2.46 Mumbai -16.38 Sangli 21.73 13 Nasik -25.43 Parbhani 4.58 Aurangabad -7.79 Kolhapur -5.00 Raigad -18.18 Ratnagiri 13.33 14 Yavatmal -26.56 Jalgaon -2.27 Thane -14.01 Mumbai -9.74 Nasik -22.00 Buldhana -17.39 15 Pune -26.66 Nasik -2.35 Beed -19.65 Buldhana -10.63 Nanded -24.65 Bhandara -22.72 16 Ahmadnagar -27.38 Osmanabad -9.63 Osmanabad -24.00 Dhule -10.71 Solapur -25.00 Yavatmal -23.25 17 Dhule -28.12 Thane -12.29 Satara -29.20 Nanded -13.60 Akola -25.31 Dhule -28.12 18 Nanded -28.67 Satara -12.76 Wardha -30.23 Satara -17.24 Yavatmal -25.80 Amravati -29.16 19 Solapur -29.93 Pune -13.63 Pune -31.57 Thane -19.56 Chandrapur -28.57 Solapur -50.00 20 Ratnagiri -32.00 Ahmadnagar -16.66 Parbhani -32.11 Solapur -21.12 Nagpur -30.98 Nagpur -51.02 21 Sangli -43.63 Raigad -21.81 Akola -32.50 Chandrapur -21.42 Amravati -35.13 Akola -54.23 22 Osmanabad -44.66 Ratnagiri -26.47 Jalgaon -33.72 Sangli -27.02 Dhule -36.00 Mumbai -56.16 23 Beed -46.15 Wardha -28.33 Buldhana -32.85 Amravati -32.72 Kolhapur -39.47 Wardha -62.06 24 Wardha -46.42 Dhule -39.13 Yavatmal -37.03 Ratnagiri -37.50 Wardha -45.28 Ahmadnagar -64.55 25 Chandrapur -48.75 Solapur -40.90 Raigad -58.13 Aurangabad -39.80 Ratnagiri -50.00 Beed -65.17 26 Mumbai NA Bhandara -41.17 Sangli -75.00 Nasik -44.44 Jalgaon -59.74 Parbhani -71.81 Tot al Maharashtra Maharashtra 1997-2004 19
& Bhandara(25.00%). Parabhani, Nagapur & Yavatmal recorded the moderate growth rate & while the rest of the districts registered either 0% or the minus ones. The year 1997 also recorded the high growth rate of robbery in Bhandara (25.72%). Satara, Ahamadnagar & Buldhana recorded the moderate growth rate, while the remaining 21 districts (about 85% the total) recorded minus growth rate of robbery which means, the growth rate of robbery is on decline. 5.6 Rate of Crime of House Breaking Theft: (1984-2004) The crime of house-breaking is a little different from other crimes. It is not much serious such as murder, but accidentally, may cause injuries or even murders if opposed while committing this offence. Mostly, the home breaking thefts are committed during night time when the household members are absent. Very rarely, such acts are committed even though the family members are asleep sometimes, during day time also, the house breaking thefts take place. Generally, the criminals keep watch on certain houses, they observe when the family members go out & return, the surrounding etc. & when they find the situations conductive to them, they dare house breaking. In the part, the criminals used to break the houses to gain corn & money & jewelry. Today they don t seem to limit them. Same have adopted house- breaking as a profession on to earn their livelihood. Growing unemployment & differences in the society are some of the reasons behind the crime of house-breaking thefts. However, in Maharashtra, the numbers of cases of this crime are very limited in comparison to other crimes. 20
Table No 5.7 of Crime Rate in Specific Period of House breaking theft Sr. No. 1981-1984 1984-1987 1987-1990 1990-1993 1993-1997 1 Parbhani 12.71 Yavatmal 43.44 Dhule 80.11 Osmanabad 67.61 Amravati 925.58 Solapur 90.8 2 Thane 2.07 Aurangabad 28.37 Amravati 71.10 Beed 38.97 Thane 48.78 Nasik 9.58 3 Solapur -43.92 Ratnagiri 18.13 Ahmadnagar 42.10 Jalgaon 27.90 Bhandara 47.67 Mumbai 8.8 4 Ratnagiri -37.67 Amravati 13.71 Aurangabad 24.42 Raigad 22.68 Satara 23.40 Pune 8.43 5 Osmanabad -35.38 Pune 12.84 Nanded 24.22 Mumbai 21.28 Ratnagiri 22.14 Sangli 1.26 6 Amravati -33.64 Thane 12.41 Ratnagiri 16.74 Nagpur 20.78 Chandrapur 11.05 Osmanabad 0 7 Sangli -33.60 Sangli 11.83 Chandrapur 14.88 Dhule 19.15 Raigad 9.58 Chandrapur 0 8 Wardha -33.52 Nanded 8.78 Nasik 14.63 Sangli 17.22 Parbhani 6.93 Beed -2 9 Dhule -31.73 Mumbai 6.06 Beed 12.39 Nanded 16.75 Mumbai 6.26 Parbhani -3.7 10 Jalgaon -31.26 Akola 1.74 Nagpur 4.09 Wardha 16.49 Nagpur 3.95 Thane -5.36 11 Akola -28.08 Kolhapur 1.22 Satara 3.91 Ratnagiri 7.96 Aurangabad 2.06 Dhule -5.88 12 Satara -27.19 Buldhana 0.00 Wardha 1.78 Kolhapur 3.98 Nanded 1.71 Ahmadnagar -7.25 13 Yavatmal -26.42 Ahmadnagar -19.94 Osmanabad 1.44 Pune 1.16 Buldhana 0.34 Raigad -7.5 14 Bhandara -24.69 Dhule 19.71 Mumbai 1.16 Amravati -94.77 Dhule -49.04 Jalgaon -8.78 15 Beed -22.94 Wardha -18.84 Raigad -54.23 Aurangabad -52.33 Solapur -48.82 Akola -14.7 16 Kolhapur -22.56 Satara -17.35 Buldhana -15.92 Nasik -44.68 Jalgaon -37.92 Wardha -14.84 17 Nanded -20.00 Jalgaon -11.66 Thane -15.66 Solapur -34.86 Nasik -35.20 Satara -16.55 18 Aurangabad -19.57 Raigad -13.04 Bhandara -12.16 Yavatmal -29.49 Sangli -24.28 Nanded -16.84 19 Nagpur -16.82 Parbhani -10.67 Kolhapur -8.78 Akola -23.95 Beed -20.63 Yavatmal -17.66 20 Chandrapur -14.67 Nasik -10.42 Pune -6.77 Satara -19.52 Yavatmal -17.32 Bhandara -19.28 21 Buldhana -14.50 Beed -7.63 Akola -6.11 Thane -11.66 Osmanabad -16.77 Kolhapur -24.2 22 Nasik -14.26 Solapur -4.54 Parbhani -4.77 Bhandara -10.52 Wardha -14.75 Nagpur -28.18 23 Pune -10.41 Chandrapur -4.30 Solapur -4.39 Buldhana -9.62 Ahmadnagar -14.47 Aurangabad -30.9 24 Ahmadnagar -6.56 Nagpur -3.93 Yavatmal -3.04 Ahmadnagar -4.44 Akola -12.67 Ratnagiri -31.11 25 Raigad -0.66 Bhandara -3.74 Sangli -2.55 Parbhani 1.79 Kolhapur -9.58 Buldhana -37.32 26 Mumbai NA Osmanabad -2.12 Jalgaon -0.66 Chandrapur -0.48 Pune -4.59 Amravati -65.41 Tot al Maharashtra Maharashtra 1997-2004 21
During the period of 1981-1984 it was almost inconsiderable. Only two districts Parabhani (12.71%) & Thane (2.07%) recorded positive growth rate. All the other districts recorded the minus growth rate of house-breaking. In the year 1987, the crime cases increased. The highest growth rate was found in Yavatmal district (43.44%). Aurangabad (28.37%), Pune (12.84%) Sangli (11.83%), Ratnagiri (18.13%), Thane (12.41%), Akola (11.74%) & Mumbai (6.06%) recorded the positive growth rate. The rest of the districts recorded the minus growth rate. The year 1990, recorded a little increase in the crime. Dhule registered the highest percentage 80.11, follwed by Amaravati (71.10%), Ahamadnagar (42.00%) Nanded (24.22%) & Aurangabad (24.22%), Mumbai (1.16%) Wardha (1.78%), Satara (3.91%), Osmanabad(1.44%), Nagapur(4.09%) showed the law growth rate. While about 12 districts registered minus growth rate. In the year 1993, the highest growth rate of house-breaking was discovered in Osmanabad district (67.61%), followed by Beed (38.97%), Jalgaon (27.90%), Raigad (22.68%), Mumbai (21.28%), Nagpur (20.78%), Dhule (19.15%), Sangli (11.22%), Nanded (16.75%), Vardha (16.49%), Ratnagiri( 7.96% ), Kolhapur (3.98%), & Pune rural (1.16%) recorded moderate growth rate. The other 13 districts recorded minus growth rate. In the year 1997, Bhandara 47.67%, Thane 48.78%, Satara 23.40% & Ratnagiri 22.14% registered the high growth. Kolhapur, Pune, Nanded, Vardha & Sangli Recorded moderate ones & the remaining 13 districts were found having minus growth rate. The year 2004, recorded the comparatively less number of cases of this crime.only the district of Solapur registered the high of 90.80% cases. Pune, Nasik, Mumbai & Sangli had a few cases & The remaining districts were discovered with minus growth rate of house breaking crime cases. 5.7 Rate of Theft: (1984-2004) Theft is supposed to be a simple & common crime, but when considered from the point of view of the sufferer, it should be treated seriously. A sufferer is a person whose money, jewelry & such things are thieved. He or she spends months & years together in accumulating the valuable & within no time everything is lost. In the year 1984, the districts of Sangli & Dhule had the highest record of thefts. The districts of Kolhapur, Satara, Solapur, Beed, Jalgaon, Amaravati & Yavatmal 22
followed the above two. The moderate growth rate was found in Osmanabad, Akola, Chandrapur, Nagpur, Bhandara, Nanded, Buldhana, Aurangabad & Ratnagiri, while Raigad & Parbhani recorded very low growth rate of this crime. The year 1987 found a little increase in the growth rate of theft. The districts of Sangli, Jalgaon, and Akola & Yavatmal recorded the maximum growth rate. The reasons were either the well development or the hot & dry climatic conditions. Pune, Beed, Osmanabad, Aurangabad, Buldhana, Vardha, Nagpur & Chandrapr registered the moderate growth rate. These districts having been under the hot climate limited sources of income poverty & infected by naxalite activities & tribal population, the growth rate is still moderate. About 13 districts comprising of 50 percent of the total, show the 0% growth rate. 23
Sr. No. 1981-1984 Table No 5.8 of Crime Rate in Specific Period of Theft 1984-1987 1987-1990 1990-1993 1993-1997 1 Sangli -48.50 Sangli 35.32 Beed 47.59 Osmanabad 34.57 Chandrapur 32.69 Aurangabad 364.04 2 Dhule -45.80 Yavatmal 32.99 Osmanabad 44.51 Raigad 29.24 Mumbai 12.76 Pune 224.34 3 Satara -37.80 Akola 18.46 Aurangabad 33.38 Pune 28.61 Bhandara 3.65 Satara 104.3 4 Beed -35.71 Mumbai 14.90 Nasik 25.73 Dhule 28.36 Beed -75.43 Osmanabad 79.68 5 Wardha -34.57 Amravati 12.17 Ratnagiri 24.39 Ahmadnagar 21.64 Dhule -62.10 Solapur 33.49 6 Amravati -34.21 Buldhana 8.90 Dhule 21.33 Nagpur 15.54 Pune -40.31 Sangli 20.34 7 Kolhapur -33.85 Nagpur 8.66 Satara 17.22 Beed 14.68 Yavatmal -40.26 Ahmadnagar 18.45 8 Solapur -31.84 Chandrapur 8.07 Parbhani 16.61 Ratnagiri 11.76 Nasik -38.66 Raigad 12.69 9 Jalgaon -31.83 Pune 6.58 Nanded 14.83 Wardha 8.49 Amravati -37.79 Thane 7.22 10 Pune -29.52 Beed 3.44 Amravati 14.70 Chandrapur 4.50 Solapur -36.31 Nasik 6.69 11 Akola -25.34 Wardha 2.07 Ahmadnagar 9.81 Bhandara 1.05 Nanded -36.20 Buldhana 6.6 12 Ahmadnagar -24.64 Aurangabad 1.96 Sangli 5.35 Kolhapur 0.68 Akola -34.49 Chandrapur 4.96 13 Osmanabad -24.58 Osmanabad 0.62 Nagpur 2.60 Nasik -62.46 Osmanabad -33.13 Akola 2 14 Chandrapur -23.15 Raigad -34.96 Jalgaon 2.07 Aurangabad -56.23 Ahmadnagar -33.22 Jalgaon -5.23 15 Nasik -22.25 Nanded -24.29 Raigad -56.82 Solapur -41.71 Sangli -31.65 Yavatmal -8.02 16 Bhandara -19.09 Dhule -21.80 Solapur -24.44 Satara -39.13 Jalgaon -31.54 Ratnagiri -11.2 17 Nanded -18.92 Jalgaon -19.61 Bhandara -17.00 Akola -26.83 Buldhana -31.32 Nagpur -19.65 18 Yavatmal -16.89 Parbhani -17.05 Buldhana -14.90 Yavatmal -24.11 Kolhapur -26.35 Wardha -21.04 19 Buldhana -16.50 Satara -15.83 Yavatmal -14.90 Amravati -19.02 Ratnagiri -25.65 Mumbai -24.22 20 Aurangabad -15.49 Nasik -15.04 Pune -10.54 Thane -16.86 Parbhani -22.12 Dhule -29.41 21 Ratnagiri -13.60 Ratnagiri -13.91 Wardha -7.83 Parbhani -15.94 Wardha -19.22 Parbhani -32.47 22 Nagpur -13.54 Bhandara -11.94 Akola -5.91 Buldhana -12.92 Aurangabad -16.51 Beed -35.12 23 Thane -11.93 Kolhapur -10.97 Thane -5.63 Mumbai -11.17 Satara -15.21 Bhandara -38.03 24 Raigad -3.32 Ahmadnagar -9.47 Chandrapur -4.40 Sangli -4.06 Nagpur -13.45 Amravati -52.05 25 Parbhani -3.05 Thane -6.77 Kolhapur -1.47 Nanded -3.71 Thane -7.18 Nanded -53.51 26 Mumbai NA Solapur -4.00 Mumbai -1.26 Jalgaon -2.71 Raigad -5.10 Kolhapur -62.93 Tot al Maharashtra Maharashtra 1997-2004 24
In the year 1990, an increase in the growth rate of theft was discovered. About 6 districts registered the maximum, 8 districts the moderate & 11 districts the minus growth rate of theft. The year 1993 also recorded an increase in the growth rate. 5 were found having maximum, seven districts having moderate while 14 districts having low growth rate of theft. In the year 1997, Chandrapur district recorded the high growth rate of theft. Nagpur & Mumbai district registered the moderate growth rate. The remained districts had the low of it. 5.8: rate of Riot: (1984-2004) Riots happen due to various reasons, such as political, religious, communal, electoral differences. Riots, generally, cause loses to public wealth & private properties. Some people lose their lives or suffer disabilities. In social point of view, this crime should be considered the most destructive, physically & psychologically. The social psyche once wounded, requires & lot of time for healing. It creates enmity, especially between two different religions communities & an unhealthy view continues ensuing another riots.. A vicious circle continues. 25
Sr. No. 1981-1984 1984-1987 Table No 5.9 of Crime Rate in Specific Period of riot 1987-1990 1990-1993 1993-1997 1 Beed 288.89 Aurangabad 51.76 Nanded 87.39 Bombay 206.34 Amravati 312.35 Bhandara 106.67 2 Wardha 122.22 Sangli 50.00 Dhule 72.09 Beed 128.99 Yavatmal 151.56 Nasik 92.76 3 Thane 114.17 Parbhani 39.34 Nagpur 41.82 Raigad 106.52 Parbhani 124.55 Raigad 82.50 4 Chandrapur 100.00 Osmanabad 39.21 Solapur 35.77 Wardha 105.71 Nagpur 122.95 Beed 76.13 5 Raigad 84.07 Buldhana 10.75 Bombay 36.95 Osmanabad 70.28 Sangli 103.75 Jalgaon 56.48 6 Nasik 58.37 Ahmadnagar 0.77 Ahmadnagar 27.48 Nagpur 56.41 Aurangabad 95.67 Ratnagiri 53.16 7 Nagpur 58.33 Ratnagiri -2.08 Satara 25.26 Akola 54.95 Chandrapur 88.88 Satara 48.00 8 Kolhapur 48.20 Kolhapur -2.43 Chandrapur 25.00 Bhandara 45.83 Bhandara 71.43 Dhule 47.17 9 Ratnagiri 47.69 Jalgaon -17.78 Parbhani 11.76 Ratnagiri 42.16 Buldhana 69.88 Thane 25.32 10 Yavatmal 38.67 Chandrapur -12.48 Amravati 9.01 Chandrapur 16.47 Akola 57.45 Bombay 19.23 11 Buldhana 36.76 Akola -18.10 Aurangabad 6.19 Parbhani 15.79 Osmanabad 48.93 Pune 17.09 12 Pune 34.68 Wardha -18.33 Thane 0.99 Kolhapur 13.29 Satara 44.23 Solapur 13.82 13 Jalgaon 34.33 Beed -18.86 Yavatmal 0.00 Dhule 7.43 Nanded 28.57 Akola -1.35 14 Akola 26.09 Amravati -19.57 Nasik 0.00 Ahmadnagar 6.59 Pune 25.81 Wardha -2.99 15 Nanded 8.53 Pune -19.76 Beed -2.82 Yavatmal 3.23 Jalgaon 22.73 Nanded -3.29 16 Solapur 8.42 Nanded -20.71 Akola -4.21 Sangli -6.98 Ahmadnagar 19.10 Buldhana -7.09 17 Amravati 6.98 Thane -21.01 Sangli -4.44 Nanded -9.13 Nasik 4.11 Aurangabad -2.93 18 Bhandara 6.98 Satara -24.00 Buldhana -4.85 Pune -9.71 Thane 2.67 Osmanabad -8.00 19 Satara 5.04 Nasik -27.34 Bhandara -11.11 Jalgaon -13.73 Solapur 1.65 Ahmadnagar -17.45 20 Dhule 0.00 Nagpur -27.63 Ratnagiri -2.08 Buldhana -15.31 Wardha -6.94 Chandrapur -18.71 21 Ahmadnagar -0.76 Dhule -35.34 Kolhapur -13.93 Thane -26.83 Raigad -15.79 Kolhapur -19.62 22 Sangli -15.49 Yavatmal -40.38 Pune -23.13 Solapur -27.54 Kolhapur -19.39 Parbhani -22.27 23 Parbhani -28.24 Bhandara -41.30 Wardha -28.57 Aurangabad -32.5 Beed -29.75 Sangli -25.15 24 Osmanabad -25.00 Raigad -43.28 Jalgaon -31.08 Amravati -33.06 Dhule -33.33 Yavatmal -46.58 25 Aurangabad -44.81 Solapur -58.45 Raigad -75.79 Nasik -35.11 Ratnagiri -33.05 Nagpur -52.94 26 Bombay NA Bombay -45.88 Osmanabad -2.81 Satara -36.30 Bombay -66.32 Amravati -71.56 Tot al Maharashtra 28.31-22.05 Maharashtra 2.15 14.40 Maharashtra 1997-2004 56.12-12.97 26