Paticca-Samuppada
Namo Tassa Bhagavato Arahato Sammasambuddhassa (3 times)
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1 st Week After Enlightenment - Under the Bodhi Tree During the first week after enlightenment, the Buddha sat under the bodhi tree experiencing the happiness of freedom and peace. At the end of the week, during the first watch, the Buddha arose from the state of Concentration and thoroughly reflected on the Dependent Origination (Paticca Samuppada) in direct order. During the middle watch of the night, He thoroughly reflected on the Dependent Origination (Paticca Samuppada) in reverse order. During the last watch of the night, He fully contemplated on the Cause and Effect of conditional phenomena both in their direct and reverse order.
Pa icca-samupp da The Paticca-Samuppada explains the conditional and dependent nature of the uninterrupted flux of the manifold mental and physical phenomena of existence. Paticca = dependent upon Samuppada = arising or origination The method of the Paticca-Samuppada should be understood as follows: Dependent on A arises B. Dependent on B arises C. When there is no A, there is no B. When there is no B, there is no C.
Ignorance Decay, death, sorrow, lamentation pain, grief and despair Kammic formations Birth Becoming Clinging The Cycle of Dependent Origination twelve links Consciousness Mind & Matter Six Sense Bases Cravings Feelings Contact
Ignorance (avijj ) Characteristic Function Manifestation Mental blindness or unknowing (knowing wrongly) To confuse Conceal the true nature of objects If I make more money, I will be the happiest person in the world!! Ignorance is the deep delusion wherein we are here so long circling around said the Buddha.
Ignorance (avijj ) Mental Blindness or 1. The Truth of Suffering 2. The Origin of Suffering 3. The Cessation of Suffering Unknowing: 4. The Path Leading to the Cessation of Suffering 5. The past Five Aggregates 6. The future Five Aggregates 7. The past and the future Five Aggregates together 8. Specific conditionality and conditionally-arisen states including kamma and its consequences.
Kammic formations - (Sa kh ra) Sa kh ra signifies immoral,moral and imperturbable volitions which constitute Kamma and causes rebirth. It includes all moral and immoral thoughts, words and deeds. Actions (good and bad) which are rooted in ignorance and which must produce their due effects, tend to prolong wandering in Samsara. Non Greed Hatred Non Delusion (wisdom) Non Hatred Delusion Greed
Kammic Formations (Sa kh ra) 1. The volition in the 12 types of unwholesome consciousness (8 rooted in greed, 2 rooted in anger, 2 rooted in delusion). 2. The volition in the 8 types of sense-sphere wholesome consciousness & 4 associated with knowledge and 4 dissociated from knowledge. 3. The volition in the 5 types of wholesome consciousness pertaining to the fine-material sphere. 4. The volition in the 4 types of wholesome consciousness pertaining to the immaterial sphere.
How does ignorance condition karmic formations? Not knowing the noble truth of suffering (birth, ageing, sickness, death, separation from whom you love, associate from whom you do not like, cannot get what you want.) in round of rebirth, wrongly perceive suffering in the round of rebirth to be pleasant Formation of demerit Formation of merit Formation of imperturbable = 4
How does ignorance condition karmic formations? Not knowing craving is origin of suffering, they wrongly think pleasure or craving is origin of happiness Formation of demerit Formation of demerit Formation of merit Formation of imperturbable = 4
How does ignorance condition karmic formations? unknowing about the Cessation of the suffering, one misperceives the Cessation of Suffering to be in some particular destiny (such as heaven or Brahma world)[1] Formation of demerit Formation of demerit Formation of merit Formation of imperturbable = 4
How does ignorance condition karmic formations? Not knowing the Path noble 8 fold path, misperceives the Path as in animal or human sacrifice or worshiping the God, trees, fire or certain rite and ritual Formation of demerit Formation of demerit Formation of merit Formation of imperturbable = 4
Consciousness (Viñ ñ a) (refers to resultant consciousness) 1. Rebirth linking consciousness. (sense-sphere, finematerial-sphere, immaterial-sphere) 2. In the course of an individual existence
How do karmic formations condition consciousness?
Consciousness - Viññ a It is so called because it links the past with the present, and it is the initial consciousness one experiences at the moment of conception. The foetus in the mother s womb is formed by the combination of this relinking-consciousness with the sperm and ovum cells of the parents. In this consciousness are latent all the past impressions, characteristics and tendencies of that particular individual life-flux.
How Do Karmic Formations Condition Consciousness at Rebirth? B B B M J J J J J Dh B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 Rb B16
How Do Karmic Formations Condition Consciousness During Course of Existence? B B B M J J J J J Dh B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 Rb B8 DH
How Consciousness Conditioned Mind and Matter? Consciousness MIND feeling, perception formations.. MATTER 4 Great Element Derived Matter
How Consciousness Conditioned Mind and Matter (for Human)? B B B M J J J J J Dh B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 Rb B8 o 1 Citta + 33 cetasikas B16 o 30 Matter o Sex decad kalà pa o Body decad kalà pa o Heart- base decad kalà pa
How Consciousness Conditioned Mind and Matter (for Spontaneous Birth)? B7 B6 B5 B8 V A M J J B4 B3 B2 B1 J J J Dh Rb B16 1citta and 3 (feeling,perception and formation) Kamma-born Matter Eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, sex and heart base decad kalapa.
How Consciousness Conditioned Mind and Matter? Sense-sphere beings (spontaneous rebirth) Eye Decad Feeling Heart Base Ear Decad Sex Decad feeling, perception, MATTER formations Nose Decad MIND Perception Formation Body Decad Tongue Decad
Womb-Born Beings (Human) B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 Rb B8 o o 1 Citta + 33 cetasikas 30 Matter o Sex decad kalà pa o Body decad kalà pa B16 o Heart- base decad kalà pa M J J J J J J J B Dh
Brahma in Fine-material Sphere Eye Decad Feeling Life-Nonad MATTER Ear Decad MIND Perception Formation Heart Base
4. Dependent on Mind-and- Matter, Six Sense Bases Arise Six Sense Bases
Six Sense Bases - Sal yatana During the embryonic period, the six sense-bases gradually evolve. Over a period of time, the small embryo develops into a complex six sensesmachine. All the six organs (eye, ear, nose, tongue, body and mind), collide with their respective objects (forms, sounds, odours, sapids, tangibles and mental objects) giving rise to six types of consciousness.
6 Sense Bases (Sal yatana) 1. Eye-base (cakkh yatana) 2. Ear-base (sot yatana) 3. Nose-base (gh n yatana 4. Tongue-base (jivh yatana) 5. Body-base (k y yatana) 6. The mind base (man yatana = consciousness)
1. N ma-paccay Mental Factors 2. N ma-paccay Consciousness + MF 3. Rūpa-paccay 4 Elements+Life+Nutriment 4. Rūpa-paccay 5 Sense-Bases 5. N marūpa-paccay MF+5 Sense Bases Man yatana Consciousness Rūp yatana 5-Sense Bases Rūp yatana 5-Sense Bases Man yatana Consciousness Man yatana Consciousness
5. Dependent on Six Sense Bases Arise, Contact Arise 6 sense bases 6 sense objects
6. Dependent on Contact Feelings Arise It is this feeling that experiences the desirable and undesirable fruits of an action done in this or in a previous birth. Feeling (or sensation) is a mental state common to all types of consciousness. What precious jewels!! I am going to be rich!!
Feeling (Vedan ) When the six sense objects impinge on the respective six sense bases, six classes of feeling are formed: 1. Feeling born of eye-contact 2. Feeling born of ear-contact 3. Feeling born of nose-contact 4. Feeling born of tongue- contact 5. Feeling born of body-contact 6. Feeling born of mind-contact.. like a bubble, perishing immediately after it forms
Feeling (Vedan ) MIND 1. Feeling born of eye-contact 2. Feeling born of ear-contact 3. Feeling born of nose-contact 4. Feeling born of tongue- contact 5. Feeling born of body-contact 6. Feeling born of mind-contact 1. Pleasurable 2. Painful 3. Neutral
7. Dependent on Feelings Craving Arises Tanha includes all forms of greed, desire, lust, yearning, longing, affection. C = being a cause of suffering; F = to delight; M= as insatiability
7. Dependent on Feelings Craving Arises 6 Mental Objects 1 Visible Objects 5 Tangible Objects 6 kinds of C R A V I N G 2 Sounds 4 Tastes 3 Smells
Where Does Craving Arise and Take Root? Where there is delightful and the pleasurable, there craving arises and takes root. Forms Sounds,smell, taste, tangible objects and mental object are delightful and pleasurable, then craving arises and take root. The most powerful factors in the Wheel of Life are ignorance and craving. Ignorance is shown as the past cause that conditions the present; and craving, the present cause that conditions the future.
8. Dependent on craving arises clinging I want to remain Chairman Characteristic Function Manifestation Seizing Not to release Strong form of craving ad as view Depending on craving is grasping which is intense craving. Tanha is like groping in the dark to steal an object. Upadana corresponds to the actual stealing of the object.
Clinging (up d na) = Intense Craving 1. Sensual pleasure 2. False views 3. Rites and rituals 4. Doctrine of self
9. Dependent on clinging arises becoming Becoming (bhava) Characteristic Function Manifestation Being kamma kamma-result Make become and to become Wholesome, unwholesome and indeterminate
9. Dependent on Clinging Arises Becoming Becoming is 2 fold 1. Kamma process becoming (kamma-bhava) = volitions (Both moral and immoral actions which constitute Kamma.) 2. Resultant rebirth process becoming (Upapattti-bhava) = aggregates generated by kamma The difference between Sa kh ra (kammic formation) and bhava becoming) is that the former pertains to the past and the latter to the present life.
10. Dependent on Becoming Arises Birth Birth (j ti) The first manifestation of any aggregates in a new existence
10. Dependent on Becoming Arises Birth The first manifestation of any aggregates in a new existence It is the arising of the psycho-physical phenomena (khandhanam patubhavo).
11. Dependent on Birth Arises Aging Death Birth leads to - Decay - bodily deterioration such as loss of teeth, grey hair, wrinkles, loss of memory, etc. Death breakup of aggregates Sorrow burning in the mind Lamentation crying out after loss Pain pain in the body Grief pain in mind Despair extremely burning in the mind, loss of hope Thus arises the whole mass of suffering
Three Periods of Time Past Present Future Past cause Ignorance Kammic formations Present effect Consciousness Mind & Matter 6 sense bases Contact Feeling Present causes Craving Clinging Becoming Future effect Birth Decay Death Sorrow Lamentation Pain Grief Despair
Three Periods of Time Past Present Future Past cause Ignorance Kammic formations (Craving Clinging Becoming) Present effect Conciousness Mind & Matter 6 sense bases Contact Feeling Present causes Craving Clinging Becoming (Ignorance & Kammic formations) Future effect Birth Decay Death Future causes Craving Clinging Becoming (Ignorance & Kammic formations)
The 3 Rounds Round of defilement (Ignorance, craving, clinging) Round of KAMMA (Kammic formations, becoming) Round of Result (Consciousness, mind-matter, 6 sense bases, contact, feeling)
Saÿsāra
Attainment of (Arahant) Path and Fruition Knowledge Ignorance ceases The whole chain of Dependent Origination breaks down Ignorance ceases kammic formations cease consciousness ceases mind & matter cease 6 sense bases cease contact ceases feelings cease craving ceases clinging ceases becoming ceases birth does not arise decay, death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, despair do not arise
Paticca Samuppada This process of cause and effect continues ad infinitum. A beginning of this process cannot be determined as it is impossible to conceive of a time when this life-flux was not encompassed by ignorance. But when this ignorance is replaced by wisdom and the life-flux realises the Nibbana Dhatu, then only does the rebirth process terminate.
What is the path leading to the cessation of all suffering? The Noble Eightfold Path
The Noble Eightfold Path 1. Right Understanding (sammà-diññhi) 2. Right Thought (sammà-saïkappa) 3. Right Speech (sammà-vàcà) 4. Right Action (sammà-kammanta) 5. Right Livelihood (sammà-àjãva) 6. Right Effort (sammà-vàyama) 7. Right Mindfulness (sammà-sati) 8. Right Concentration (sammà-samàdhi)
The Noble Eightfold Path Right Understanding of Four Noble Truth The Noble Truth of suffering. The Noble Truth of origination of suffering The Noble Truth of cessation of suffering. The Noble Truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering
The Noble Eightfold Path Right Thought Renunciation (nekkhama) Non ill-will (abyàpàda) Non cruelty (avihimsa)
The Noble Eightfold Path Right Speech Abstaining from telling lies Abstaining from backbiting Abstaining from harsh speech Abstaining from frivolous talk
The Noble Eightfold Path Right Action Abstaining from killing Abstaining from stealing Abstaining from sexual misconduct
The Noble Eightfold Path Right Livelihood Abstaining from dealing in weapons Abstaining from dealing in slaves Abstaining from dealing in animals for slaughter Abstaining from dealing in poison Abstaining from dealing intoxicants
The Noble Eightfold Path Right Effort The effort to discard evil states that have arisen The effort to prevent the arising of unarisen evil states The effort to arouse unarisen wholesome states The effort to bring to perfection arisen wholesome states
The Noble Eightfold Path Right Mindfulness Mindfulness in contemplation of the body Mindfulness in contemplation of feelings Mindfulness in contemplation of consciousness Mindfulness in contemplation of mental objects
The Noble Eightfold Path Right Concentration 1 st Jhana 2 nd Jhana 3 rd Jhana 4 th Jhana
The Noble Eightfold Path Right Understanding Right Thought Right Speech Right Action Right Livelihood Right Effort Right Mindfulness Right Concentration Wisdom training Morality training Concentration training
May you attain the end of all suffering Sadhu Sadhu Sadhu