Surah An Naziat (Ayah 20-26) Earlier we began the story of Musa السالم,عليه when he spoke with Firawn with a gentle approach. ف أ ر اه اآل ي ة ال ك ب ر ى -20 Ayah Then [Musa (Moses)] showed him the great sign (miracles)..(ابصر بعينه) means to see with the eyes رأي The word.(العالمة املعجزة العبرة) means a sign, a miracle, a lesson اآلية The word.(العظمى املتميز) means something great and special الكبرى The word.(جنس اآلية الكبرى فال ينافي تعددها) The signs are of a great kind and it is not restricting to only one sign Tafsir Saadi did not specifically mention the signs, but Ibn kathir mentions them. أظهر له موسى مع هذه) truth. showed and made apparent with these signs that his dawah is the عليه السالم Musa He showed him a convincing, strong argument and a clear evidence to show that his dawah is.(الدعوة الحق.(حجة قوية ودليال واضحا على صدق ما جاء به ( truth the.عليه السالم The sign is the stick and hand of Musa But [Fir'aun (Pharaoh)] belied and disobeyed; With the strong ayah, Firawn needed to believe but he belied and disobeyed. أخبر عن الشيء بخالف ما هو عليه) means to speak about something contrary to what it is in reality كذ ب The word.(مع العلم بحقيقته.(خرج من الطاعة) means to exit from obedience عصى The word ف ك ذ ب و ع ص ى - 21 Ayah.(األمر) the command (و ع ص ى) disobeyed and he (بالحق) the truth (ف ك ذ ب ) He denied He needed to accept belief which is ال إله إال اهلل in the heart and obey the commands which is is do do tazkiya and to have khashya. He did not do the inner and outer actions. Even though the truth affected him, his arrogance stopped him from reacting and accepting the truth. He belied in his heart قلبه).(كفر That is why he did not show his reaction to Musa عليه السالم whether hidden or apparent. ينفعل ملوسى بباطنه وال بظاهره) (فلم. Even though he knows in his heart- the knowledge is the knowledge of the heart املعرفة علم القلب).(ألن This is arrogance- the problem is in his heart. Faith is the.(وهو االنقياد للحق والخضوع له) truth. It is to submit and surrender to the.(واإليمان عمل القلب) heart. action of the -1-
ث م أ د ب ر ي س ع ى - 22 Ayah Then he turned his back, striving hard (against Allah)..(ول ى وهرب) means to turn away and flee ادبر The word.(يمشى وقام يقضي امره وعمل) means to flee, walk away, striving to do something else يسعى The word In Surah Al-Abasa, Allah سبحانه وتعالى told the Prophet صلى اهلل عليه وسلم to give more attention to the blind.(و أ م ا م ن ج اء ك ي س ع ى ( ٨ ) و ه و ي خ ش ى ((٩) khashya. man- to the one who is striving and has The ayat should make Firawn to obey but he turned away and strove against it..(يجتهد في مبارزة الحق واملحاربته) He is striving to fight and defeat the truth جمع) by gathering the magicians (مقابلة الحق بالباطل) Firawn is striving to change the truth to falsehood truth. The next ayah explains how he strove to fight and defeat the.(السحرة ف ح ش ر ف ن اد ى -23 Ayah Then he gathered his people and cried aloud,.(جمع) means to gather حشر The word The word نادى means to call out. This word was also mentioned in ayah 16. He collected his army and gathered them جنوده وجمعهم).(حشر From other ayat we know that his army drowned with him..(في قومه) He gathered and called his people ف ق ال أ ن ا ر ب ك م األ ع ل ى - 24 Ayah Saying: "I am your lord, most high",.عليه السالم Firawn felt insecure when his kingdom was being threatened because of the great signs of Musa In reality the louder a person becomes, it shows his weakness. We don't need to announce the state of our heart to others- I am patient, I am great, etc. The more one talks about oneself it shows his insecurity. The strong person does not talk about himself- his strength is apparent- he doesn t need to say. For example, an insecure mother will say to her children that she is the one taking care of them- though she doesn t need to say this. -2-
Firawn transgressed by not believing and continued his transgression by declaring he was the Rabb- the one providing the people. He was making the people dependent on him and make them feel he was the one taking care of them and providing them- as if they would be nothing without him. He attributed the actions of providing and taking care to himself- this is what deceived the people into believing him. Firawn really deceived the people, when he said this- the people surrendered to him and accepted his (فأذعنوا له وأقروا بباطله حني استخفهم) falsehood. In the end, all the followers of Firawn are in hellfire because they didn't think for themselves even though they saw the great signs. This shows the danger of blindly following a leader, it was as if they were hypnotised. Firawn had declared earlier- علمت لكم من إله غيري).ما I know not that you have an ilah (a god) other than me Surah Al Qasas 28:38). He attributed Uloohiyah to himself. After forty years he made another declaration- to attribute Ruboobiyah to himself. فرعون بعد الكلمة االولى بأربعني سنة).(قالها After he saw the great sign, the declared Ruboobiyah to himself, instead of submitting and surrendering the the great sign. This is very dangerous. When the Dajjal will come, the people will be deceived by him because of his actions- he will provide, give life, etc- but it is actually by the permission of Allah وتعالى.سبحانه This is very scary and dangerous. It صلى اهلل عليه is easy to be deceived and fall into his trap when one sees his actions. That is why the Prophet advised to stay indoors at home if one hears that the dajjal has come. This also shows that the dajjal وسلم can roam around everywhere- except Mecca and Medina. Allah سبحانه وتعالى assigned angels around Mecca and Medina to guard it. There will be a great shake in Medina and all the hypocrites will run away because Allah سنحانه وتعالى wants to purify the city. Most of the followers of dajjal are women- they go to dajjal to feed their hungry children. May Allah سبحانه وتعالى protect us and our families from falling into fitnah. Ameen. The impact of this ayah is that we need to take the truth when it comes to us and not justify yourself for the people for them to believe you. ف أ خ ذ ه اهلل ن ك ال اآل خ ر ة و األ ول ى - 25 Ayah So Allah, seized him with punishment for his last [i.e. his saying: "I am your lord, most high")] and first [(i.e. his saying, "O chiefs I know not that you have a god other than I"] transgression. This ayah is about the actions of Allah وتعالى -سبحانه how He dealt with Firawn. The word أخذ means seized. The word نكال means punishment His punishment is evidence and a lesson that clearly shows the punishment in the duniya and in the.(صارت عقوبته دليال وزاجرا ومبينة لعقوبة الدنيا واآلخرة) akhirah. -3-
انتقم اهلل منه وجعله عبرة) seized him in punishment and made him a lesson for the rebellious سبحانه وتعالى Allah.(المثاله من املتمردين Allah سبحانه وتعالى seized him in punishment because of these two words- attributing divinity and lordship to himself. إ ن ف ي ذ ل ك ل ع ب ر ة مل ن ي خ ش ى - 26 Ayah Verily, in this is an instructive admonition for whosoever fears Allah. The word عبره means looking at the situation, then take it as a lesson. The one without fear of Allah with knowledge (khashya) will not benefit from the lesson. The one who fears Allah سبحانه وتعالى with knowledge (has khashya) is the one who will benefit from the signs and lessons من يخشى اهلل هو الذي ينتفع باآليات والعبر).(فإن The one who does not fear Allah وتعالى,سبحانه will not benefit. By seeing the punishment of Firawn, the one who is arrogant, disobedient and challenged the great King- فإذا رأى عقوبة فرعون عرف ( next. will know what the punishments of such actions are in this world and in the.(أن كل من تكبر وعصى وبارز امللك األعلى عاقبه في الدنيا واآلخرة The punishment of the duniya for firawn is drowning. Also his body is still preserved- it is so humiliating that everybody is watching him. Anybody who is a tyrant in the life, they have a humiliated end. People didn't believe Firawn could die, but Allah سبحانه وتعالى showed them the humiliating end of Firawn. Only one with khashya will take lessons and the way to develop khashya is to learn more about Allah.سبحانه وتعالى (.ملن يتعظ وينزجر ( lesson. This is about those who will take a In Surah Al Qasas, Allah سحانه وتعالى tells us: و ج ع ل ن اه م أ ئ م ة ي د ع ون إ ل ى الن ار و ي و م ال ق ي ام ة ال ي نص ر ون And We made them leaders inviting to the Fire, and on the Day of Resurrection, they will not be helped.(surah Al Qasas 28:41) Allah سبحانه وتعالى made Firawn and his people a leader calling people to hellfire- they will not get victory on the day of judgement. They will be fleeing from each other. -4-
The word كبرى in the Qur an ل ن ر ي ك م ن آي ات ن ا ال ك ب ر ى "That We may show you (some) of Our Greater Signs. Surah Taha 20:23 This is about the great signs that Allah س بحان ه وت عال ى gave Musa الس الم.ع ليه His stick turned into a snake. and Allah س بحان ه وت عال ى told him, don t be afraid, just hold onto this running snake it will turn back to stick. It is a training for Musa ع ل ي ه ال س الم to face and overcome his fears. He will face firawn and he needed to overcome that weakness. In many places in the story of Musa الس الم,ع ليه Allah س بحان ه وت عال ى told him Don t be afraid. ي و م ن ب ط ش ال ب ط ش ة ال ك ب ر ى إ ن ا م نت ق م ون On the Day when We shall seize you with the greatest grasp. Verily, We will exact retribution. Surah Ad Dukhan 44:16 This is about the day of judgement. ل ق د ر أ ى م ن آي ات ر ب ه ال ك ب ر ى Indeed he (Muhammad SAW) did see, of the Greatest Signs, of his Lord (Allah). Surah An Najm 53:18 This is about the great ayat that they Prophet صلى اله عليه وسلم saw on Al Israa wal Mai raj. The word عصى in the Qur an ف أ ك ال م ن ه ا ف ب د ت ل ه م ا س و آت ه م ا و ط ف ق ا ي خ ص ف ان ع ل ي ه م ا م ن و ر ق ال ج ن ة و ع ص ى آد م ر ب ه ف غ و ى Then they both ate of the tree, and so their private parts appeared to them, and they began to stick on themselves the leaves from Paradise for their covering. Thus did Adam disobey his Lord, so he went astray. Surah Taha 20:121 This is about Adam السالم.عليه He did not belie, but he disobeyed. Firawn belied and disobeyed. ف ع ص ى ف ر ع و ن الر س ول ف أ خ ذ ن اه أ خ ذ ا و ب يال But Fir'aun (Pharaoh) disobeyed the Messenger [Musa (Moses)], so We seized him with a severe punishment. Surah Al Muzzamil 73:16 This is about Firawn. There is a huge difference between the disobedience of Adam عليه السالم and Firawn. The word أدبر in the Qur an ت د ع و م ن أ د ب ر و ت و ل ى Calling: "[O Kafir (O disbeliever in Allah, His angels, His Book, His Messengers, Day of Resurrection and in Al-Qadar (Divine Preordainments), O Mushrik (O polytheist, disbeliever in the Oneness of Allah)] (all) such as turn their backs and turn away their faces (from Faith) 70:17 The hellfire will call anybody who turns away from the truth. This includes Firawn and the dwellers of Hellfire. -5-
ث م أ د ب ر و اس ت ك ب ر Then he turned back and was proud; Surah Al Muddhathir 74:23 This is about Waleed ibn Mugheerah- a disbeliever and father of Khalid ibn Waleed اهلل ع ن ه.رض ي He accused the Prophet صلى اهلل عليه وسلم of being a magician. و الل ي ل إ ذ أ د ب ر And by the night when it withdraws, Surah Al Muddhathir 74:33 Allah سبحانه وتعالى swears by the night when it departs. The word يسعى in the Qur an و ج اء ر ج ل م ن أ ق ص ى امل د ين ة ي س ع ى ق ال ي ا م وس ى إ ن امل أل ي أ ت م ر ون ب ك ل ي ق ت ل وك ف اخ ر ج إ ن ي ل ك م ن الن اص ح ني And there came a man running, from the farthest end of the city. He said: "O Musa (Moses) Verily, the chiefs are taking counsel together about you, to kill you, so escape.truly, I am to you of those who give sincere advice. Surah Al Qasas 28:20 ع ليه الس الم killed an innocent person unintentionally. Later a man came running to Musa ع ليه الس الم Musa telling him to run away. He was innocent and he asked Allah س ب ح ان ه وت ع ال ى to help him from the wrongdoers. و ج اء م ن أ ق ص ى امل د ين ة ر ج ل ي س ع ى ق ال ي ا ق و م ات ب ع وا امل ر س ل ني And there came running from the farthest part of the town, a man, saying: "O my people Obey the Messengers; Surah Yaseen 36:20 Three messengers were sent to a town, yet the people did not believe. So a man came running from far advising them to believe. ي و م ت ر ى امل ؤ م ن ني و امل ؤ م ن ات ي س ع ى ن ور ه م ب ني أ ي د يه م و ب أ ي م ان ه م ب ش ر اك م ال ي و م ج ن ات ت ج ر ي م ن ت ح ت ه ا األ ن ه ار خ ال د ين ف يه ا ذ ل ك ه و ال ف و ز ال ع ظ يم On the Day you shall see the believing men and the believing women their light running forward before them and by their right hands. Glad tidings for you this Day Gardens under which rivers flow (Paradise), to dwell therein forever Truly, this is the great success Surah Al Hadid 57:12 This is about the believer on the day of judgement- their light will be running in front of them. -6-
ي ا أ ي ه ا ال ذ ين آم ن وا ت وب وا إ ل ى اهلل ت و ب ة ن ص وح ا ع س ى ر ب ك م أ ن ي ك ف ر ع نك م س ي ئ ات ك م و ي د خ ل ك م ج ن ات ت ج ر ي م ن ت ح ت ه ا األ ن ه ار ي و م ال ي خ ز ي اهلل الن ب ي و ال ذ ين آم ن وا م ع ه ن ور ه م ي س ع ى ب ني أ ي د يه م و ب أ ي م ان ه م ي ق ول ون ر ب ن ا أ ت م م ل ن ا ن ور ن ا و اغ ف ر ل ن ا إ ن ك ع ل ى ك ل ش ي ء ق د ير O you who believe Turn to Allah with sincere repentance It may be that your Lord will remit from you your sins, and admit you into Gardens under which rivers flow (Paradise) the Day that Allah will not disgrace the Prophet (Muhammad SAW) and those who believe with him, their Light will run forward before them and with (their Records Books of deeds) in their right hands they will say: "Our Lord Keep perfect our Light for us [and do not put it off till we cross over the Sirat (a slippery bridge over the Hell) safely] and grant us forgiveness. Verily, You are Able to do all things. Surah At Tahrim 66:8 This is about the believer on the day of judgement- their light will be running in front of them. The يسعى in Surah An Naziat is a dispraised one- the rest are good ones. The word نادى in the Qur an إ ذ ن اد ى ر ب ه ن د اء خ ف ي ا When he called out his Lord (Allah) a call in secret, Surah Maryam 19:3.سبحانه وتعالى when he called out to Allah عليه السالم This is about Zakariya و ن وح ا إ ذ ن اد ى م ن ق ب ل ف اس ت ج ب ن ا ل ه ف ن ج ي ن اه و أ ه ل ه م ن ال ك ر ب ال ع ظ يم And (remember) Nuh (Noah), when he cried (to Us) aforetime. We listened to his invocation and saved him and his family from great distress. Surah Al Anbiya 21:76.سبحانه وتعالى when he called out to Allah عليه السالم This is about Nuh و أ ي وب إ ذ ن اد ى ر ب ه أ ن ي م س ن ي الض ر و أ نت أ ر ح م الر اح م ني And (remember) Ayyub (Job), when he cried to his Lord: "Verily, distress has seized me, and You are the Most Merciful of all those who show mercy. Surah Al Anbiya 21:83.سبحانه وتعالى when he called out to Allah عليه السالم This is about Ayyub و ذ ا الن ون إ ذ ذ ه ب م غ اض ب ا ف ظ ن أ ن ل ن ن ق د ر ع ل ي ه ف ن اد ى ف ي الظ ل م ات أ ن ال إ ل ه إ ال أ نت س ب ح ان ك إ ن ي ك نت م ن الظ امل ني And (remember) Dhan-Nun (Jonah), when he went off in anger, and imagined that We shall not punish him (i.e. the calamites which had befallen him) But he cried through the darkness (saying): La ilaha illa Anta [none has the right to be worshipped but You (O Allah)], Glorified (and Exalted) are You [above all that (evil) they associate with You]. Truly, I have been of the wrong-doers. Surah Al Anbiya 21:87.سبحانه وتعالى when he called out to Allah عليه السالم This is about Yunus و ز ك ر ي ا إ ذ ن اد ى ر ب ه ر ب ال ت ذ ر ن ي ف ر د ا و أ نت خ ي ر ال و ار ث ني And (remember) Zakariya (Zachariah), when he cried to his Lord: "O My Lord Leave me not single (childless), though You are the Best of the inheritors. Surah Al Anbiya 21:89.سبحانه وتعالى when he called out to Allah عليه السالم This is about Zakariya -7-
و اذ ك ر ع ب د ن ا أ ي وب إ ذ ن اد ى ر ب ه أ ن ي م س ن ي الش ي ط ان ب ن ص ب و ع ذ اب And remember Our slave Ayub (Job), when he invoked his Lord (saying): "Verily Shaitan (Satan) has touched me with distress (by losing my health) and torment (by losing my wealth) Surah Sad 38:41.سبحانه وتعالى when he called out to Allah عليه السالم This is about Ayyub ف اص ب ر ل ح ك م ر ب ك و ال ت ك ن ك ص اح ب ال ح وت إ ذ ن اد ى و ه و م ك ظ وم So wait with patience for the Decision of your Lord, and be not like the Companion of the Fish, when he cried out (to Us) while he was in deep sorrow. (See the Quran, Verse 21:87). Al Qalam 68:48.سبحانه وتعالى when he called out to Allah عليه السالم This is about Yunus Notice that all the other ayat are about the messengers calling out to Allah وت عال ى.س بحان ه The ayah is Surah An Naziat is about Firawn calling out to his people. The word نكال in the Qur an ف ج ع ل ن اه ا ن ك اال مل ا ب ني ي د ي ه ا و م ا خ ل ف ه ا و م و ع ظ ة ل ل م ت ق ني So We made this punishment an example to their own and to succeeding generations and a lesson to those who are Al- Muttaqun. Surah Al Baqarah 2:66 This is about the punishment of the people of Sabt. و الس ار ق و الس ار ق ة ف اق ط ع وا أ ي د ي ه م ا ج ز اء ب م ا ك س ب ا ن ك اال م ن اهلل و اهلل ع ز يز ح ك يم Cut off (from the wrist joint) the (right) hand of the thief, male or female, as a recompense for that which they committed, a punishment by way of example from Allah. And Allah is All-Powerful, All-Wise. Surah Al Maeda 5:38 This is the punishment of the duniya for those who steal. The word عبرة in the Qur an ق د ك ان ل ك م آي ة ف ي ف ئ ت ني ال ت ق ت ا ف ئ ة ت ق ات ل ف ي س ب يل اهلل و أ خ ر ى ك اف ر ة ي ر و ن ه م م ث ل ي ه م ر أ ي ال ع ني و اهلل ي ؤ ي د ب ن ص ر ه م ن ي ش اء إ ن ف ي ذ ل ك ل ع ب ر ة أل ول ي األ ب ص ار There has already been a sign for you (O Jews) in the two armies that met (in combat i.e. the battle of Badr): One was fighting in the Cause of Allah and as for the other (they) were disbelievers. They (the believers) saw them (the disbelievers) with their own eyes twice their number (although they were thrice their number). And Allah supports with His Victory whom He pleases. Verily, in this is a lesson for those who understand. Surah Ale Imran 3:13 Those with insight will take a lesson. -8-
و إ ن ل ك م ف ي األ ن ع ام ل ع ب ر ة ن س ق يك م م م ا ف ي ب ط ون ه م ن ب ني ف ر ث و د م ل ب ن ا خ ال ص ا س ائ غ ا ل لش ار ب ني And verily In the cattle, there is a lesson for you. We give you to drink of that which is in their bellies, from between excretions and blood, pure milk; palatable to the drinkers. Surah An Nahl 16:66 There is a lesson in the cattle. و إ ن ل ك م ف ي األ ن ع ام ل ع ب ر ة ن س ق يك م م م ا ف ي ب ط ون ه ا و ل ك م ف يه ا م ن اف ع ك ث ير ة و م ن ه ا ت أ ك ل ون And Verily In the cattle there is indeed a lesson for you. We give you to drink (milk) of that which is in their bellies. And there are, in them, numerous (other) benefits for you, and of them you eat. Surah Al Mu minoon 23:21 There is a lesson in the cattle. ي ق ل ب اهلل الل ي ل و الن ه ار إ ن ف ي ذ ل ك ل ع ب ر ة أل ول ي األ ب ص ار Allah causes the night and the day to succeed each other (i.e. if the day is gone, the night comes, and if the night is gone, the day comes, and so on). Truly, in these things is indeed a lesson for those who have insight. Surah An Nur 24:44 Those with insight and khashya will take lessons from the signs and stories. -9-