Sahabi e Rasool Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah Compiled through the blessing of Ghaus-ul-Waqt Huzoor Mufti-e-Azam Hind By a humble servant of ALLAH Muhammad Afthab Cassim Al-Qaadiri Razvi Noori Published by Imam Mustafa Raza Research Centre Durban South Africa 1
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this publication may be produced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopying or otherwise without the prior permission of the Copyright Owner. Name of Book: Sahabi e Rasool Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah Compiler: Muhammad Afthab Cassim Qaadiri Razvi Noori The Publishers Imam Mustafa Raza Research Centre P.O. Box 70140, Overport, 4067 Durban, South Africa Visit our Offices at: 28 Clayton Road, Overport, Durban Tel/Fax: 031 2081045 Email: noori@noori.org Website: www.noori.org CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS A NOBLE CAUSE: Our Banking Details are as follows for those brothers and sisters who wish to contribute towards our work Name: IMAM MUSTAFA RAZA RESEARCH CENTRE BANK: NEDBANK ACCOUNT NO: 2034044606 BRANCH: SYDENHAM CODE: 103409 SPONSOR THE PRINTING OF A BOOK Contact us if you wish to sponsor the publication of a book for the Esaale Sawaab of the marhooms in your family. Sponsor the printing of a book and send the Sawaab to your marhoom family members. This is Sawaab-e-Jaariyah and a means of educating the Ummat. Knowledge is Power!
Compiler s Note All Praise is due to Almighty Allah. Peace a Blessings and Salutations upon the Beloved Rasool and upon his Noble Family and Honourable Companions, who have all been promised Paradise from the Court of Allah. Peace and Blessings upon the Awliyah e Kaamileen and the Ulama e Deen who have always endeavoured to repel the malicious attacks against the Companions of The Beloved Rasool. The 22 nd of Rajab marks the date of the passing of Sahabi e Rasool Hazrat Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah. However, it is unfortunate that this date is somewhat forgotten by many. The shia and the Tafdeelis have also played an important role in trying to divert the hearts and minds of the unsuspecting Sunnis away from this beloved Companion of Nabi Kareem by referencing certain incidents in History which they manipulate to mislead the true believers. Some years back a mischievous person here in South Africa also attempted to use words of disrespect when addressing Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah and while mentioning incorrect statements on some other practices of the Ahle Sunnat, to which I responded to. I also presented a defense to the Tafdeeli view in which Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah is slandered in an indirect manner, and is even called a Rebel, the context of which they attribute to reputable scholars, but fail to explain that the word is inapplicable in today s context when addressing a Sahabi. 3
Thus, I have decided to compile this booklet, part of which was an earlier refutation of the mischievous person some years back. I have added more information and attempted to clarify the use of certain words, while also presenting the true position of Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah. It is my humble Dua that this booklet will be a means of benefit for all those who read it. I would like to thank all those who assisted in proofing this document and making other valuable suggestions, also those who assisted in making this publication a success, especially Brother Rukhsar Husain who proofed the language in very short notice. I pray that Allah rewards you all with the best of rewards. Aameen. Sag e Mufti e Azam Muhammad Afthab Cassim Qaadiri Razvi Noori Imam Mustafa Raza Research Centre (IMRRC) Durban, South Africa
Allah s Name (we) begin with, The Compassionate Most Merciful As Salaatu Was Salaamu Alaika Ya Rasool Allah A Brief Introduction Hazrat Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah is the son of Hazrat Abu Sufyan. Both Hazrat Amir Mu awiyah and his father accepted Islam on the day of Fateh Makkah (The Grand Victory at Makkah). They then partook in the Battle of Hunain. He used to be one of the opponents of Islam, but later became a steadfast and true Muslim. A Scribe of The Sacred Court Sayyiduna Imam Jalaalud deen As Suyuti mentions that Hazrat Mu awiyah was one of the trusted scribes of the sacred court of the Beloved Nabi. This alone shows the excellence of Sayyiduna Mu awiyah and proves that he was trusted in the Court of Sayyiduna Rasoolullah ; for he was appointed a scribe in the Court of The Beloved Rasool. 5
A Distinguished Narrator of Prophetic Tradition According to Imam Suyuti Hazrat Sayyiduna Mu awiyah narrated one hundred and sixty three Hadith from the Beloved Rasool. Numerous Sahaba reported (took) Hadith on his authority. Amongst the Sahaba who narrated Hadith on his authority were Hazrat Ibn Ab bas, Hazrat Ibn Umar, Hazrat Ibn Zubair, Hazrat Abu Dardah, Hazrat Jareer Al Bajali and Hazrat Nu man bin Bashir, etc. It is also well-known that some Tabi een also reported (took) Hadith from him. Some of the Tabi een who reported from him were Hazrat Ibn Al.رضوان االله ليهم اجمعين Musayyab and Hazrat Humaid bin Abdur Rahman etc His Excellence Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah was very prominent due to his knowledge, wisdom and fortitude. There are numerous Ahadith which have been mentioned about his excellence. It has been mentioned in the Hadith Shareef that he is from رضوان االله عا عليم amongst the illustrious Sahaba-e-Kiraam
It is mentioned in Sahih Tirmizi Shareef on the authority of Abdur Rahman Abu Umair that Rasoolullah made Dua for him and said, اللهم اجعل هاديا مهديا واهد ب O Allah, make him a guide and one who is guided, and guide (the people) through him. [Jaame Tirmizi, Vol.2] Imam Ahmed has reported in his Musnad from Irbaaz bin Saariyah. He says, I heard Nabi Kareem saying, O Allah! Give Mu awiyah the knowledge of calculations, and save him from torment. It is reported that Hazrat Amir Mu awiyah was very tall and handsome, and a commanding personality. Hazrat Umar e Farooq would look at him and say, He is the Kisra (Chosroe) of Arabia. It is reported that Hazrat Ali said, Do not think bad of Mu awiyah, for when he is taken away from amongst you, that many heads will be separated from their bodies (i.e. there will be much killing). Qubaisa bin Jabir says, I spent much time in his company and I have not seen (in that time) anyone as commanding, wise and intelligent as him. 7
The Tafdeeli Attack on Sayyiduna Mu awiyah It is sad that there are those today who act like Sunnis but in reality are Tafdeelis. They mislead the Sunnis and even go to the extent of labelling Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah as a Rebel (Allah Forbid) in the context of the modern meaning of the word Rebel. These sheep in wolves skin claim that they are taking the name of Hazrat Mu awiyah with respect, and also say that we should not abuse a Sahabi. They also say that we should remain silent in such issues; but still some of these people continue over the course of their lectures to paint Hazrat Ameer Mu awiyah in the worst picture possible by explaining many issues that should not be discussed. Instead of doing this, if they really had true love for Hazrat Mu awiyah, they would have discussed only the Fadilat (virtues) of this blessed Sahabi of Rasoolullah, rather than trying to slander him in a cunning manner.
Do not Discuss Differences between the Sahaba There are certain issues in History which took place between the Sahaba-e-Kiraam (Ridwaanullahi Ta aala Alaihim Ajma een) which should remain only in the pages of history, as a reference for the learned scholars of Islam. These issues should not be brought onto the lips of those who cannot understand the Maqaam of these blessed personalities. It must be known that we have been commanded by the pious predecessors not to discuss the differences between the Sahaba-e-Kiraam, but we should simply remain silent and concentrate on the fact that these are those sacred and most fortunate personalities who were blessed with the opportunity of being in the company of the Greatest of Allah s Creation, Hazrat Muhammadur Rasoolullah. These people try discussing issues that are not to be addressed and falsely attribute statements to great scholars of Deen. Instead of discussing these issues and calling a great Sahabi like Hazrat Ameer Mu awiyah a Rebel and then trying to evidence this from great scholars, they should rather discuss the love which Ameer Mu awiyah had for Sayyiduna Rasoolullah. 9
Treacherous Tactics of the Tafdeelis This manner used by Tafdeelis is a deceitful style of bringing in the so-called good actions of the shias as evidence of their sympathy and leaning towards shi aism. No Sunni Sahih ul Aqida will deliver a lecture, trying to establish that a Sahabi is a Rebel. The idea of them giving evidence to substantiate something like this means that they are trying their level best to prove a point and drive home what they believe. If this is not the case, then there is no need to present so-called proof and evidence to support such discussions. It is clear that one of their ploys and objectives is to create an erroneous belief, that Hazrat Ameer Mu awiyah should not be remembered as being one of the blessed scribes and trusted individuals in the Court of Sayyiduna Rasoolullah. Or the fact that he was the beloved Brother-in-law of Rasoolullah or that he is amongst the very important Raawis (Narrators) of Hadith-e- Rasool, but rather these Tafdeelis try to paint the picture that Hazrat Mu awiyah should be remembered as a Rebel, and the one who should be made responsible for the actions of yazeed.
What Should A True Sunni Really Do? A true Sunni would present the incidents in the life of Hazrat Mu awiyah which would direct our hearts towards him, for in reality, every companion of our Nabi is the Spiritual Qibla of love. When we direct our attention towards their love for the beloved Rasool, we find ourselves at the sacred feet of our beloved Master Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa. As those who love Sayyiduna Rasoolullah and as beggars at the doorpost of the Sahaba-e-Kiraam (Allah is pleased with them all), we have no right with our limited knowledge to discuss any of the disagreements or lapses of the beloved Companions of Sayyiduna Rasoolullah. Great Imams of their time explained certain issues in books of History, but these modern day Tafdeelis who portray themselves as Sunnis try to dupe the unsuspecting masses into misinterpreting these incidents, and use this to accuse a Companion of Sayyiduna Rasoolullah. 11
The Sahaba e Kiraam Are these people who slander a Sahabi really aware of the honour that has been afforded to these blessed companions of Sayyiduna Rasoolullah? It does not seem like they do, because if they did, they would never insinuate negative views about a beloved Sahabi of Sayyiduna Rasoolullah. Huzoor Qadi Sadrush Shariah (Alaihi Rahma) states as follows in Bahaar-e-Shariat Kitaabul Aqaa id, Volume 1, as follows: The Sahaba-e-Kiraam are neither Ambia عليم السلام nor are they Angels and are thus not Maasum. Some of them had certain mishaps, but to hold them in contempt because of this is against the command of Allah and His Rasool. When addressing the companions in the Holy Qur an, Almighty Allah addressed them in two categories; those before the Great Victory at Makkah and those after the Great Victory at Makkah (Fateh Makkah).
Almighty Allah says: ح س وع د االله ال كلا و And to all of them, Allah has promised a heavenly reward [Surah Al Hadeed (57), Verse 10] Almighty Allah says in regards to the Companions: ب ير خ لو ن ع م ا ت بم االله و And Allah Knows well what you do. [Surah Al Hadeed (57), Verse 10] The fact that Allah says that He is aware of all their actions and He has promised Jannat to them without any reckoning, does not give anyone else the right to say anything against the Sahaba-e-Kiraam. Do those who speak against the companions want to establish a manner different from that which Allah has ordained? 13
All The Sahaba are Virtuous Personalities Huzoor Sadrush Shariah (Alaihir Rahma) further states: of the beloved Rasool are virtuous ر%$ االله عا# عنم All the companions and just people. We should always address them with the utmost respect and dignity, as to do so is Fard upon us. To think ill of any Sahabi is a sign of being a bud-madhab (heretic) and a misguided person. Such a person is deserving of the fire of hell. To think ill of a Sahabi is to harbour ill-feelings against the Beloved Nabi. Those who do this are Raafdis, even if he accepts the Khulafa-e-Raashideen and claims to be a Sunni. To insult Hazrat Ameer Mu awiyah, his father Hazrat Abu Sufyan, and his mother Hazrat Hind is not acceptable. To discuss the issues or disagreements that took place between the Sahaba-e-Kiraam is absolutely and totally Haraam (forbidden). All Muslims need to do, is to accept that they are all the companions of the Beloved Rasool and His true followers, who were always willing to sacrifice their lives in His love.
All The Sahaba e Kiraam Are Jannati All the companions of the Beloved Rasool are Jannatis. They will not even come close to experiencing the intense heat of Jahannam (Hell). They will always live in happiness and comfort. The frightening situation on the day of reckoning will cause them no grief or sadness. The Angels will welcome them, giving them glad tidings that this is the day that has been promised to them. All this has been explained in the Holy Qur an in detail. It is recorded in Mawahib ul Laduniya: Remain silent when you hear the names of my Ashaab! Do not make statements which are not suitable to their honour! 15
Refutation of Using The Word Rebel In Modern Context At this stage, I must make a point to clarify why the use of the word Rebel for Hazrat Mu awiyah in the modern day context is forbidden. It must first be noted that the word Baaghi is not taken in its actual meaning as is the case today, where the word Baaghi is merely translated to mean rebel in the sense of a tyrant or open transgressor. The great scholars have clarified that the word Baaghi cannot be used in the sense of the word rebel in current times, because that word has undergone a change, and it has a completely negative meaning. Those past scholars who used the term baaghi used it in its lexical form, wherein one of the meanings of the word baaghi is claimant or demander and in this case, Hazrat Mu awiyah did whatever he did in demanding and claiming justice in regards to those who were responsible for the martyrdom of Hazrat Uthmane-Ghani. Also, he felt he was right in doing this, even though we believe that Hazrat Sayyiduna Ali was correct in his decision.
However, Hazrat Mu awiyah was a Mujtahid, and a Mujtahid is given margin for oversight in regards to his decisions based on Itjihaad. Huzoor Sadrush Shariah mentions in this regard that: Hazrat Ameer Mu awiyah was a Mujtahid (One who has been blessed with special authority with regards to decision making in Religious Affairs). There is a narration of Hazrat Abdullah ibn Ab bas reported in Sahih Bukhari which says, A Mujtahid does virtuous deeds and can also make a miscalculation. These miscalculations (inaccuracies) are of two types: Inaadi (Inaccuracies with ill intent): These are inaccuracies which are pre-meditated and with ill intent. Inaccuracies of this type are not possible for a Mujtahid. Khata-e-Ijtihaadi (inaccuracies committed without motive in Managing Affairs): These are not pre-meditated. If a Mujtahid is liable for such inaccuracies, then they are not held accountable for this in the Court of Allah. 17
In regards to calling Hazrat Mu awiyah a Rebel, Huzoor Qadi Sadrush Shariah (Alaihir Rahma) says: To be regarded as a rebel means to openly go against the appointed Imam with or without intent. The supporters of Hazrat Ameer Mu awiyah used to be referred to as baaghi (rebels) in a particular time, but now since the meaning of the term Rebel has undergone a change and has a negative meaning, its use in respect of any Sahaba is prohibited. Concerning the disagreements between the Companions and the manner in which we should conduct ourselves in this regard, Huzoor Ghauth-e-Azam Shaykh Muhiyud deen Abdul Qaadir Al Jilani Al Baghdadi says: و افق ا 7 ل الس. نة ع 4 # وجوب ا 2 كف.. عما شجر ب*نم والامسال عن مساديم و اظار فضاÒلمو محاسنموسليمامر 7 ما# االلهعز.و جل.ع 4 #ماEانوجوىمناختلاف ع #4 و عاÒشةومعاويةو طلحة والزبLM ر%$االلهعنمع 4 # ما قد.منابيانI واعطاء Eل. ذىفضل فضلIكماقالااللهعا # وال.ذين جXا ءV وامن Uعد 7 مTقولونربنااغQلنا الخ
The entire Ahl-e-Sunnat is in agreement with this, that we should abstain from becoming involved in assessing (i.e. discussing) the differences of the Sahaba-e-Kiraam, and we should abstain from speaking ill of them. We should rather present their virtues and their goodness, and we should leave the issues of these blessed personalities to Allah; such as the disagreements which took place between, Hazrat Ali and Hazrat A isha, Mu awiyah, Talha and Zubair which I have already discussed earlier; and every virtuous ر%$ االله عنم person will be given the right of his virtue, for Almighty Allah says (as follows) in regards to the believers, Those Muslims who came after them (the Sahaba) say, O Our Rub, Forgive us. [Ghuniyatut Taalibeen] It must be noted that after examining the above statement of Huzoor Ghauth e Azam, no true Muslim would dare to use any such word in regards to any companion of Rasoolullah which is not befitting their dignity. 19
The Ruling of The Great Mujad did Aala Hazrat Imam Ahl-e-Sunnat was questioned in regards to Ameer Mu awiyah being called a rebel and he mentioned: The error (oversight) of Ameer Mu awiyah was Khata-e-Ijtihaadi, and to make Ta an (i.e. malign, slander or challenge him) on the basis of this Itjihaad is not permissible. [Fatawa Razviyah, Vol.29] He further makes it very clear that it is Haraam for us to get involved in this, and pursue such issues or differences which took place between the companions. Sayyidi Aala Hazrat Imam Ahl-e-Sunnat further states that it is mentioned in the Hadith of Sayyiduna Rasoolullah اذا ذ[ اصحا] فامسكوا When my companions are being mentioned (i.e. when their issues are being discussed), then hold your tongues. [Fatawa Razviyah with reference to Al Mu jam Al Kabeer]
Sayyidi Aala Hazrat further mentions another Hadith wherein the Holy Beloved Rasool said: ستكونلاصحا] UعدزلةTغQهاااللهلهم لساUقتهمثميا`منUعدهم قوميكبهمااللهع 4 مناdهم c النار It is near that my companions will commit certain lapses, which Almighty Allah will forgive, through that previous contact (which they have in my Court). Then thereafter, will come those whom Allah will have thrown, nose first into Jahannam. [Fatawa Razviyah with reference to Al Mu jam Al Awsat] Sayyidi Aala Hazrat after quoting the above Hadith says, these are the ones who will challenge the Sahaba-e-Kiraam due to these mishaps. For those miscreants who (Allah Forbid) slander Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah and label him a rebel, it must be known that if Hazrat Mu awiyah was regarded as a Baaghi in its true sense, i.e. as a Haqeeqi Baaghi (in its true context), then Hazrat Imam Hasan would have never made unity with Hazrat Mu awiyah and he would never have taken the Bay ah at the hands of Hazrat Mu awiyah. 21
It is in Fatawa Razviyah that: Undoubtedly, Imam (Hasan) Mujtaba handed over the Khilaafat to Ameer Mu awiyah, and the aim was to stop the hostilities and to bring peace. Allah and His Rasool were pleased with this reunion and passing on of the Khilaafat. Sayyiduna Rasoolullah (once) took Hazrat Imam Hasan in His Holy Lap and said: انابe $هذا سيدولعلااللهانTصلحببfMفي تfMعظمتfMمنالمسلمfM (Verily) This son (i.e. grandson) of mine is a Sayyid (A True Leader of the People). I have full faith, that through him, Allah will bring peace between two huge groups of Muslims. [Sahih Al Bukhari] After presenting this Hadith, the Great Mujad did Aala Hazrat Imam Ahl-e-Sunnat says, If Ameer Mu awiyah was not worthy and deserving of the Khilaafat, then Imam (Hasan) Mujtaba would never have passed on the Khilaafat on to him, and nor would Allah and His Rasool have accepted this. [Fatawa e Razviyah, Vol.29] For those who slander Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah, let it be known that Alhamdulillah, we are able to go on presenting evidence in support of Hazrat Mu awiyah and his blessed virtues,
but this is sufficient for one who wishes to accept the truth. We Salute this blessed Companion of the Beloved Rasool and it is sufficient for us to know and believe that he is from amongst the illustrious companions. Allama Shahabuddin Khafaji Alaihir Rahma has mentioned in Naseemur Riyadh, the explanatory notes of Ash Shifa of Qadi Iyaad as follows: ومنيكونيطعن c معاويةفذالEnلبميںkبالoاوية One who slanders Sayyiduna Ameer Mu awiyah is a dog from amongst the dogs of hell. [Naseemur Riyadh, Vol.3] Sayyiduna Rasoolullah said: منqذاهمفقدqذا rومنqذا rفقدqذی االلهومنqذیااللهيوشnانياخذہ One who hurts (offends) them (my companions), he has hurt (offended) me, and the one who has hurt (offended) me, has displeased Allah, and one who displeases Allah, then it is near that Allah will seize him. [Jaame Tirmizi, Vol.2] 23
His Final Wasiyah Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah is that beloved Sahabi of Rasoolullah whose final Wasiyah was one that spiritually awakens the true love of a true Aashiq-e-Rasool : لما حyہ الموت اوw $ ان يكفن c قميص Eان علي افضل الصل وة والسلام كساہ اياہ وان جعل مماي 4 جسدہ وEان عندہ قلامة اظفارہ علي افضل الصل وة والسلام فاوw $ ان سحق وتجعل c ع*ني وفم وقال افعلوا ذلn وخلوبيe $ وبfM ارحم الراحمfM When his (Hazrat Ameer Mu awiyah ) final moments neared, he made a Wasiyah that he should be shrouded (given Kafan) in the Qamees (Upper Garb) which was blessed to him by Nabi, and this should be kept close to his body. He had few blessed clippings of the sacred fingernails of Rasoolullah and in regards to these, he made a Wasiyah, that they should be made fine and placed on his eyes and mouth. He said, you should implement this (which I have requested) and then release me to the Most Merciful of those who show Mercy. [Fatawa Razviyah, Vol.9 furthered reference to Asad Al-Ghaba fi Ma rifatis Sahaba] Allahu Akbar! Observe the love that Hazrat Ameer Mu awiyah possessed for our Beloved Rasool. Beloved Readers! A true Sunni
Sahih ul Aqida would emphasise the above information about Sayyiduna Mu awiyah and instil the love of Hazrat Mu awiyah as a Sahabi into the hearts of the people, rather than using words that are totally inappropriate to be used for a Sahabi. His Wisaal Sayyiduna Amir Mu awiyah passed from this world in Rajab 60 Hijri. The date commonly attributed to his wisaal is the 22 nd of Rajab. He passed away at the age of seventy seven in Syria. 25