ESSAYS IN HONOR OF CARL G. HEMPEL

ESSAYS IN HONOR OF CARL G. HEMPEL

SYNTHESE LIBRARY MONOGRAPHS ON EPISTEMOLOGY, LOGIC, METHODOLOGY, PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE, SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE AND OF KNOWLEDGE, AND ON THE MATHEMATICAL METHODS OF SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Editors: DONALD DAVIDSON, Princeton University J AAKKO HINTIKKA, University of Helsinki and Stanford University GABRIEL NUCHELMANS, University of Leyden WESLEY C. SALMON, Indiana University

ESSAYS IN HONOR OF CARL G. HEMPEL A Tribute on the Occasion of his Sixty-Fifth Birthday DONALD DAVIDSON FREDERIC B. FITCH ADOLF GRONBAUM JAAKKO HINTIKKA RICHARD C. JEFFREY JAEGWON KIM Essays by ROBERT NOZICK PAUL OPPENHEIM HILARY PUTNAM W. V.QUINE WILFRID SELLARS NICHOLAS RESCHER WESLEY C. SALMON Edited by Nicholas Rescher on behalf of the Editorial Committee: ALAN ROSS ANDERSON PAUL BENACERRAF ADOLF GRONBAUM GERALD J. MASSEY NICHOLAS RESCHER RICHARD S. RUDNER SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

1969 Springer Science+ Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland in 1969 No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher ISBN 978-90-481-8332-6 ISBN 978-94-017-1466-2 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-1466-2

CARL G. HEMPEL

PREFACE The eminent philosopher of science Carl G. Hempel, Stuart Professor of Philosophy at Princeton University and a Past President of the American Philosophical Association, has had a long and distinguished academic career in the course of which he has been professorial mentor to some of America's most distinguished philosophers. This volume gathers together twelve original papers by Hempel's students and associates into a volume intended to do homage to Hempel on the occasion of his 65th year in 1970. The papers are grouped around the unifying topic of Hempel's own interests in logic and philosophy of science, the great majority dealing with issues on inductive logic and the theory of scientific explanation - problems to which Hempel has devoted the bulk of his outstandingly fruitful efforts. With the approach of 'Peter' Hempel's 65th birthday, an editorial committee sprang into being by an uncannily spontaneous process to prepare to commemorate this event with an appropriate Festschrift. The editors were pleased to receive unfailingly prompt and efficient cooperation on the part of all contributors. The responsibility of seeing the work through the press was assumed by Nicholas Rescher. The editors are grateful to all concerned for their collaboration. ALAN ROSS ANDERSON PAUL BENACERRAF ADOLF GRUNBAUM GERALD J. MASSEY NICHOLAS RESCHER RICHARD S. RUDNER

TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE PAUL OPPENHEIM: Reminiscences of Peter 1 w. v. QUINE: Natural Kinds 5 JAAKKO HINTIKKA: Inductive Independence and the Paradoxes of Confirmation 24 WESLEY c. SALMON: Partial Entailment as a Basis for Inductive Logic 47 WILFRID SELLARS: Are There Non-Deductive Logics? 83 RICHARD c. JEFFREY: Statistical Explanation vs. Statistical Inference 104 ROBERT NOZICK: Newcomb's Problem and Two Principles of Choice 114 ADOLF GRUNBAUM: The Meaning of Time 147 NICHOLAS RESCHER: Lawfulness as Mind-Dependent 178 JAEGWON KIM: Events and Their Descriptions: Some Considerations 198 DONALD DAVIDSON: The Individuation of Events 216 HILARY PUTNAM: On Properties 235 FREDERIC B. FITCH: A Method for Avoiding the Curry Paradox 255 PUBLICATIONS {1934-1969) BY CARL G. HEMPEL INDEX OF NAMES V 266 271