Prentice Hall Literature Timeless Voices, Timeless Themes Copper Level 2005 District of Columbia Public Schools, English Language Arts Standards (Grade 6) STRAND 1: LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Grades 6-12: Students will have met the grade K-5 standards by the end of Grade 5, although teachers should continue to address the earlier standards as needed and as they apply to more difficult texts. Discussion 6.L.1. 6.L.2. 6.L.3. 6.L.4. Apply understanding of agreed-upon rules and individual roles in order to make decisions, including eliciting and considering suggestions from each group member, defining individuals roles and responsibilities, and for coming to consensus. Relate the speaker's verbal communication (e.g., word choice, pitch, feeling, tone) and nonverbal messages (e.g., posture, gestures). Identify the tone, mood, and emotion conveyed in oral communication. Restate and execute multistep oral instructions and directions. SE/TE: Listening and Speaking Workshops, 94, 174, 262, 344, 426, 524, 606, 698, 756, 810; Extension Activities, 15, 25, 35, 49, 63, 81, 109, 125, 137, 145, 165, 207, 221, 237, 253, 287, 297, 309, 331, 359, 373, 389, 403, 417, 445, 457, 475, 489, 515, 539, 551, 569, 587, 636, 663, 683, 717, 725, 737, 749, 777, 795 SE/TE: Listening and Speaking Activities, 15, 25, 35, 49, 63, 81, 109, 125, 137, 145, 165, 207, 221, 237, 253, 287, 297, 309, 331, 359, 373, 389, 403, 417, 445, 457, 475, 489, 515, 539, 551, 569, 587, 636, 663, 683, 717, 725, 737, 749, 777, 795; Listening and Speaking Workshops, 94, 174, 262, 344, 426, 524, 606, 698, 756, 810 SE/TE: Speech, 63, 109, 34, 359, 635, 745; Presentation, 25, 94, 125, 145, 165, 207, 237, 262, 417, 489, 551, 715, 777; Dramatic Reading, 15, 445; Using Gestures, 94; Drama, 35; Dramatization, 403; Role-Play, 49, 221, 297, 331; Oral Reading, 515, 698, 723, 733; Listening and Speaking Workshops, 94, 174, 262, 344, 426, 524, 606, 698, 756, 810 SE/TE: Oral Directions, 426, 457, 581; Directions, following multiple step, 239, 243 1
Oral Presentation 6.L.5. 6.L.6. Create a rubric (scoring guide) based on categories generated by the teacher and students (content, presentation style) to prepare and assess the presentations listed in this section. Give oral presentations with focus, organization and point of view, matching purpose, message, occasion, voice modulation, and nonverbal elements to the audience. votes on key issues. SE/TE: Listening and Speaking Workshops, 94, 174, 262, 344, 426, 524, 606, 698, 756, 810 SE/TE: Speech, 63, 109, 34, 359, 635, 745; Presentation, 25, 94, 125, 145, 165, 207, 237, 262, 417, 489, 551, 715, 777; Dramatic Reading, 15, 445; Using Gestures, 94; Drama, 35; Dramatization, 403; Role-Play, 49, 221, 297, 331; Oral Reading, 515, 698, 723, 733 Vocabulary Development 6.L.7. 6.L.8. 6.L.9. Determine the meaning of unfamiliar words using knowledge of Greek and Latin roots (annus, aqua) suffixes (e.g., itis, osis), and prefixes (e.g., multi, dis, anti, hyper, syn) Apply such context clues as definition, example, and restatement to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words and words with multiple meanings. Determine the meaning of figurative language, including similes, metaphors, personification, and grade-level-appropriate idioms. SE/TE: Word Roots: Greek, 14; Latin, 568, 552, 682, 794; Prefixes, 48, 136, 220, 236, 330, 358, 360, 372, 488, 538, 635; Suffixes, 24, 62, 108, 190, 252, 732 SE/TE: Context Clues, 3, 37, 155, 156, 160, 163, 578, 585 SE/TE: Figurative Language, 739, 742, 743; Poetry: Figurative Language, 31, 250, 366, 740, 741, 742; Images in Poetry, 29, 33; Images in Drama, 636, 640, 651, 661 6.L.10. Identify the meanings, pronunciations, alternate word choices, and parts of speech of words using dictionaries, glossaries, thesauri (printed and electronic), and other resources. SE/TE: Vocabulary Development Lesson, 14, 24, 34, 48, 62, 80, 108, 124, 136, 144, 164, 190, 206, 220, 236, 252, 286, 296, 308, 330, 358, 372, 388, 402, 416, 444, 446, 474, 488, 514, 538, 550, 568, 586, 635, 662, 682, 716, 724, 736, 748, 776, 794; Vocabulary Development: Words, 5, 17, 29, 37, 51, 65, 101, 111, 127, 139, 155, 181, 193, 209, 223, 245, 271, 291, 301, 317, 353, 367, 381, 393, 407, 433, 447, 473, 477, 495, 33, 543, 555, 573, 613, 636, 665, 707, 719, 729, 743, 765, 797 TE: Vocabulary Development, 5, 17, 29, 37, 41, 51, 53, 65, 101, 103, 111, 116, 127, 131, 139, 153, 159, 181, 187, 193, 209, 216, 223, 245, 269, 271, 289, 291, 299, 315, 351, 365, 379, 384, 391, 405, 433, 447, 459, 477, 495, 511, 531, 535, 541, 543, 553, 555, 571, 613, 615, 616, 636, 637, 665, 705, 709, 717, 725, 739, 763, 772, 779, 786 2
STRAND 2: BEGINNING READING STRAND 3: INFORMATIONAL TEXT Expository Text 6.I.1. 6.I.2. 6.I.3. Identify and analyze main ideas, supporting ideas, and supporting evidence. Identify and use knowledge of common textual features (paragraphs, topic sentences, concluding sentences, glossary, index, bibliography). Identify and use organizational structures in text, including chronological order, compare and contrast, cause and effect, logical order, and classification schemes. SE/TE: Main Ideas, 149, 151, 175, 263, 267, 315, 317, 319, 322, 327, 329, 748, 751 SE/TE: Nonfiction: Essays and Articles, 26, 102, 380, 406, 532, 562, 572, 580; Biographies and Autobiographies, 72, 120, 154, 182, 224, 316, 325, 554, 558; Letters and Journals, 542, 545; 592, 596, 686, 690, 734, 748, 798, 802 SE/TE: Nonfiction: Essays and Articles, 26, 102, 380, 406, 532, 562, 572, 580; Biographies and Autobiographies, 72, 120, 154, 182, 224, 316, 325, 554, 558; Letters and Journals, 542, 545; 592, 596, 686, 690, 734, 748, 798, 802 Document and Procedural Text 6.I.4. Identify the components (e.g., directions, legend, illustrations, diagram, sequence, bold face print, headings) of document and procedural text. SE/TE: 592, 596, 686, 690, 734, 748, 798, 802 Argument and Persuasive Text 6.I.5. Identify the intended effect of persuasive strategies and rhetorical techniques (e.g., peer pressure, emotional appeal, exaggeration, repetition) that the author uses to influence readers' perspectives. SE/TE: Evaluating Persuasive Information: Fact and Opinion, 174; Fact vs. Opinion, 349, 379, 385, 387, 607; Evaluating Persuasive Messages, 174; Persuasive Composition, 340 343; Persuasion, 254, 332, 490, 491, 492, 493 TE: Reading Strategy, 384, 385; Assessment Practice: Fact and Opinion, 536, 548, 566, 564 3
6.I.6. Recognize arguments for and against an issue. SE/TE: Evaluating Persuasive Information: Fact and Opinion, 174; Fact vs. Opinion, 349, 379, 385, 387, 607; Evaluating Persuasive Messages, 174; Persuasive Composition, 340 343; Persuasion, 254, 332, 490, 491, 492, 493 TE: Reading Strategy, 384, 385; Assessment Practice: Fact and Opinion, 536, 548, 566, 564 STRAND 4: LITERARY TEXT Connections 6.LT.1. Analyze the relevance of the setting e.g., time, place, and situation) to the mood and tone of the text. SE/TE: Short Story: Setting, 194, 478, 482; Setting, 127, 135, 198, 205, 357, 477, 480, 483, 485, 487, 624, 629; Identifying Mood, 524; Understanding Tone, Mood, and Emotion, 299, 307 Genre 6.LT.2. Identify the characteristics and structural elements of poetry (e.g., stanza, verse, rhyme scheme, line breaks, alliteration, consonance, assonance, rhythm, repetition, and figurative language). SE/TE: Poetry: Lyric Poetry, 140, 141, 142, 247, 304, 306, 368, 711, 726, 727; Sound Devices, 32, 370, 728, 729, 730; Narrative Poetry, 232, 246, 248, 706, 712; Sensory Language, 30, 106, 300; Other Forms, 718, 719, 720, 726; Figurative Language, 31, 250, 366, 740, 741, 742; Comparing Poetry, 246, 247, 248, 366, 368, 706, 707, 708, 718, 720, 726, 727, 728, 729, 730, 740, 741, 742 Theme 6.LT.3. Apply knowledge of the concept that theme, whether stated or implied, refers to the main idea and meaning of a selection. SE/TE: Short Story: Theme, 66, 352, 496, 505; Defining Theme, 433, 438, 441, 443; Theme, 65, 67, 70, 73, 74, 76, 79, 357, 495, 499, 503, 507, 510, 513, 655; Theme in Drama, 636, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 647, 649, 650, 651, 653, 655, 657, 659, 661; Theme in Oral Tradition, 779, 783, 792, 793; Point of View, 37, 38, 40, 42, 45, 47, 553 Fiction 6.LT.4. Describe incidents that advance plot, explaining how each incident gives rise to the next or foreshadows a future event. SE/TE: Short Story: Plot, 18, 52, 112, 128, 159, 270, 290, 434, 448; Plot, 515, 522, 795; Comparing Conflict, 112, 120 4
6.LT.5. Provide examples of all the aspects of the setting (time, place, situation) in a literary selection. SE/TE: Short Story: Setting, 194, 478, 482; Setting, 127, 135, 198, 205, 357, 477, 480, 483, 485, 487, 624, 629 Literary Nonfiction 6.LT.6. Describe the organization and elements (point of view, themes, supporting ideas, logical connections) of personal essays, speeches, and autobiographical or biographical sketches. SE/TE: Nonfiction: Essays and Articles, 26, 102, 380, 406, 532, 562, 572, 580; Biographies and Autobiographies, 72, 120, 154, 182, 224, 316, 325, 554, 558 Poetry 6.LT.7. Respond to and analyze the effects of figurative language (personification, metaphor, simile, hyperbole) and graphics (capital letters) in order to uncover the meaning of a poem. SE/TE: Poetry: Lyric Poetry, 140, 141, 142, 247, 304, 306, 368, 711, 726, 727; Sound Devices, 32, 370, 728, 729, 730; Narrative Poetry, 232, 246, 248, 706, 712; Sensory Language, 30, 106, 300; Other Forms, 718, 719, 720, 726; Figurative Language, 31, 250, 366, 740, 741, 742; Comparing Poetry, 246, 247, 248, 366, 368, 706, 707, 708, 718, 720, 726, 727, 728, 729, 730, 740, 741, 742 Drama 6.LT.8. Identify author s use of dialogue and description. SE/TE: Drama, 614, 666; Theme in Drama, 636, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 647, 649, 650, 651, 653, 655, 657; Summarizing Drama, 617, 613, 621, 623, 628, 632, 634; Dialogue in Drama, 625, 634, 665, 668, 669, 670, 671, 672, 675, 676, 677, 681 Style and Language 6.LT.9. Identify and analyze the importance of shades of meaning in determining word choice in a piece of literature. SE/TE: Short Story: Plot, 18, 52, 112, 128, 159, 270, 290, 434, 448; Character, 6, 38, 210, 229, 392, 464, 469; Setting, 194, 478, 482; Theme, 66, 352, 496, 505; Point of View, 22, 182, 438; The Oral Tradition: Myths, 784; Fables, 282, 284; Folk Tales, 411, 764, 766, 770, 780, 791; Poetry: Lyric Poetry, 140, 141, 142, 247, 304, 306, 368, 711, 726, 727; Sound Devices, 32, 370, 728, 729, 730; Narrative Poetry, 232, 246, 248, 706, 712; Sensory Language, 30, 106, 300; Other Forms, 718, 719, 720, 726; Figurative Language, 31, 250, 366, 740, 741, 742 TE: Further Reading, 13, 23, 33, 47, 61, 79, 107, 123, 135, 143, 163, 189, 205, 219, 235, 251, 285, 295, 307, 329, 357, 371, 387, 401, 415, 443, 455, 473, 487, 513, 537, 549, 567, 585 5
(Continued) 6.LT.9. Identify and analyze the importance of shades of meaning in determining word choice in a piece of literature. (Continued) TE: Further Reading, 634, 661, 681, 715, 723, 735, 747, 775, 793 Traditional Narrative and Classical Literature 6.LT.10. Identify stylistic elements such as hyperbole, refrain, and simile in traditional literature. Students encounter and identify various stylistic elements in the literature selections in Prentice Hall s Literature: Timeless Voices, Timeless Themes. STRAND 5: RESEARCH (CONTINUE TO ADDRESS EARLIER STANDARDS AS NEEDED) SE/TE: Short Story: Plot, 18, 52, 112, 128, 159, 270, 290, 434, 448; Character, 6, 38, 210, 229, 392, 464, 469; Setting, 194, 478, 482; Theme, 66, 352, 496, 505; Point of View, 22, 182, 438; The Oral Tradition: Myths, 784; Fables, 282, 284; Folk Tales, 411, 764, 766, 770, 780, 791; Poetry: Lyric Poetry, 140, 141, 142, 247, 304, 306, 368, 711, 726, 727; Sound Devices, 32, 370, 728, 729, 730; Narrative Poetry, 232, 246, 248, 706, 712; Sensory Language, 30, 106, 300; Other Forms, 718, 719, 720, 726; Figurative Language, 31, 250, 366, 740, 741, 742; Simile,739 6.R.1. Apply steps for obtaining information from a variety of sources, organizing information, documenting sources, and presenting research in individual and group projects: Define the need for information and formulate open-ended research questions. SE/TE: Research and Technology, 15, 25, 35, 49, 63, 81, 109, 125, 137, 145, 165, 191, 207, 221, 237, 253, 287, 297, 309, 359, 373, 389, 403, 445, 457, 475, 489, 515, 539, 551, 569, 581, 663, 683, 715, 723, 733, 745, 777, 795; 592, 596, 686, 690, 734, 748, 798, 802; Research Report, 600 605 Initiate a plan for searching for information. SE/TE: Research Report, 600 605; Response to Literature, 694 697; Comparison-and- Contrast Essay, 752 755; Multimedia Report, 806 809; Investigative Report, 389; Reports, 81, 359, 403, 489, 515, 745 6
Use an expanded range of print and electronic resources (atlases, data bases, on-line resources). Gather relevant information through interviews. SE/TE: Research and Technology, 15, 25, 35, 49, 63, 81, 109, 125, 137, 145, 165, 191, 207, 221, 237, 253, 287, 297, 309, 359, 373, 389, 403, 445, 457, 475, 489, 515, 539, 551, 569, 581, 663, 683, 715, 723, 733, 745, 777, 795; 592, 596, 686, 690, 734, 748, 798, 802; Research Report, 600 605 SE/TE: Interview, 81, 125, 253 Evaluate the relevance of information. SE/TE: Research and Technology, 15, 25, 35, 49, 63, 81, 109, 125, 137, 145, 165, 191, 207, 221, 237, 253, 287, 297, 309, 359, 373, 389, 403, 445, 457, 475, 489, 515, 539, 551, 569, 581, 663, 683, 715, 723, 733, 745, 777, 795; 592, 596, 686, 690, 734, 748, 798, 802 Locate specific information within resources by using indexes, tables of contents, electronic search key words components using appropriate vocabulary Communicate about basic technology related to external and internal computer or other technology operations. Organize and present research using the Standards in the Writing strand. SE/TE: Research Report, 600 605; Response to Literature, 694 697; Comparison-and- Contrast Essay, 752 755; Multimedia Report, 806 809; Investigative Report, 389; Reports, 81, 359, 403, 489, 515, 745; Research and Technology, 15, 25, 35, 49, 63, 81, 109, 125, 137, 145, 165, 191, 207, 221, 237, 253, 287, 297, 309, 359, 373, 389, 403, 445, 457, 475, 489, 515, 539, 551, 569, 581, 663, 683, 715, 723, 733, 745, 777, 795; Reading Information Materials, 82, 86, 149, 166, 239, 254, 332, 336, 374, 418, 490, 516, 592, 596, 686, 690, 734, 748, 798, 802 SE/TE: Research and Technology, 15, 25, 35, 49, 63, 81, 109, 125, 137, 145, 165, 191, 207, 221, 237, 253, 287, 297, 309, 359, 373, 389, 403, 445, 457, 475, 489, 515, 539, 551, 569, 581, 663, 683, 715, 723, 733, 745, 777, 795; 592, 596, 686, 690, 734, 748, 798, 802 SE/TE: Research Report, 600 605; Response to Literature, 694 697; Comparison-and- Contrast Essay, 752 755; Multimedia Report, 806 809; Investigative Report, 389; Reports, 81, 359, 403, 489, 515, 745 7
Provide appropriate documentation in a consistent format. SE/TE: Research Report, 600 605; Citations, 689. See Writing Handbook pages R10 R11 and Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript pages R12 R13 Evaluate the research project as a whole. SE/TE: Rubric for Self-Assessment, 605; Research Report, 600 605; Writing Handbook pages R10 R11 STRAND 6: WRITING Imaginative/Narrative Writing 6.W.1. Write stories that demonstrate careful placement of descriptive details about setting, characters, and events in stories. SE/TE: Autobiographical Narrative, 90 93; Short Story, 520 523; Folk Tale, 777, 795; Personal Narrative, 63; Character, 49, 81, 221, 777 Expository Writing 6.W.2. Write explanations of a process that group ideas and place them in logical order, and include details to ensure process is understandable. SE/TE: For related information see: Reading Information Materials: How-to Essay, 690 693. SE/TE: For related information see: Reading Information Materials: How-to Essay, 690 693. 6.W.3. Write research reports that frame a key question about an issue or situation group ideas and place them in logical order, and include facts and details that illuminate the main ideas. 6.W.4. Write persuasive essays that support the position with organized and relevant evidence. SE/TE: Research Report, 600 605; Multimedia Report, 806 809; Investigative Report, 389; Reports, 81, 359, 403, 489, 515, 745 SE/TE: Research Report, 600 605; Multimedia Report, 806 809; Investigative Report, 389; Reports, 81, 359, 403, 489, 515, 745 SE/TE: Research Report, 600 605; Multimedia Report, 806 809; Investigative Report, 389; Reports, 81, 359, 403, 489, 515, 745 SE/TE: Persuasive Composition, 340 343; Advertisement, 15, 445; Drama Review, 663 8
Revision 6.W.5. Revise writing to improve level of detail and precision of language after determining where to add sensory detail and rearrange text. SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Revising, 92, 172, 260, 342, 424, 522, 604, 696, 754, 808; Writing Lesson: Revising, 15, 25, 35, 49, 63, 81, 109, 125, 137, 145, 165, 207, 221, 237, 253, 287, 297, 309, 331, 359, 373, 389, 403, 417, 445, 457, 475, 489, 515, 539, 551, 569, 587, 636, 663, 683, 717, 725, 737, 749, 777, 795 TE: Revising, 92, 172, 260, 342, 424, 522, 604, 696, 754, 808 STRAND 7: MEDIA 6.M.1. Identify persuasive and propaganda techniques used in television; identify false and misleading information. 6.M.2. Analyze media as information provider, entertainer, persuader 6.M.3. Create multimedia presentations using computer technology, including graphics and animation. SE/TE: Evaluating a Persuasive Message, 94; Delivering a Persuasive Speech, 344; Television advertisement, analyzing images of, 309 SE/TE: Evaluating a Persuasive Message, 94; Delivering a Persuasive Speech, 344; Television advertisement, analyzing images of, 309 SE/TE: Multimedia Report, 389, 600, 806 809; Using Visual Aids, 810 STRAND 8: ENGLISH LANGUAGE CONVENTIONS 6.EL.1. Identify the eight basic parts of speech (noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, adjective, conjunction, preposition, interjection) SE/TE: Adjectives, 190, 206, 236, 252, 714, 722; Adverbs, 220, 236, 252, 714; Conjunctions, 308, 330; Interjections, 296; Nouns, 14, 24, 34, 568; Prepositions, 286; Pronouns, 48, 62, 80, 206, 550, 662, 682; Verbs, 124, 108, 136, 144, 164, 488, 635. See all Revising activities in the Writing Workshops on pages 90 93, 170 173, 258 261, 340 343, 422 425, 520 523, 600 605, 694 697, 752 755, and 806 809. See Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Handbook pages R33 R38; Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Exercises pages R39 R46. 9
6.EL.2. Identify and use prepositional phrases, appositives, and independent and dependent clauses to elaborate ideas. 6.EL.3. Expand or reduce sentences (adding or deleting modifiers, combining or decombining sentences) 6.EL.4. Identify and use simple and compound sentences. SE/TE: Prepositions, 286; Clauses, 444, 456, 474, 794. See all Revising activities in the Writing 694 697, 752 755, and 806 809 SE/TE: Sentences, 372, 388, 456, 488, 514, 538, 794. See all Revising activities in the Writing 694 697, 752 755, and 806 809. See Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Handbook pages R33 R38; Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Exercises pages R39 R46 SE/TE: Sentences, 372, 388, 456, 488, 514, 538, 794. See all Revising activities in the Writing 694 697, 752 755, and 806 809. See Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Handbook pages R33 R38; Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Exercises pages R39 R46. 6.EL.5. Identify and employ correct usage present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect tense subject-verb agreement with compound subjects SE/TE: Verbs, 124, 108, 136, 144, 164, 488, 635. See all Revising activities in the Writing 694 697, 752 755, and 806 809. SE/TE: Subject and Verb Agreement, 635, R35. See all Revising activities in the Writing 694 697, 752 755, and 806 809. indefinite pronouns SE/TE: Pronouns, 48, 62, 80, 206, 550, 662, 682, See all Revising activities in the Writing 694 697, 752 755, and 806 809. elimination of fragments and run-ons SE/TE: Sentences, 372, 388, 456, 488, 514, 538, 794. See all Revising activities in the Writing 694 697, 752 755, and 806 809. See Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Handbook pages R33 R38; Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Exercises pages R39 R46. 10
6.EL.6. Spell frequently misspelled words correctly according to usage (e.g., their, they're, there). SE/TE: Vocabulary Development Lesson: Spelling Strategy, 14, 24, 34, 48, 62, 80, 108, 124, 136, 144, 164, 190, 206, 220, 236, 252, 286, 296, 308, 330, 358, 372, 388, 402, 416, 444, 446, 474, 488, 514, 538, 550, 568, 586, 635, 662, 682, 716, 724, 736, 748, 776, 794. See Spelling Handbook pages R18 R20 and Commonly Misspelled Words page R21. TE: Assessment Practice: Spelling, 774 11