The 2018 Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Detroit Population Study: Twelve Major Findings

1 The 2018 Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Detroit Population Study: Twelve Major Findings Ira M. Sheskin, Ph.D. Director of the Jewish Demography Project of the Sue and Leonard Miller Center for Contemporary Judaic Studies and Professor Department of Geography University of Miami

2 Topics Covered in the Study 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Survey Methodology Jewish Population Size Geographic Profile Demographic Profile Religious Profile Types of Marriage Membership Profile Jewish Education: Adults Jewish Education: Children Jewish Agencies Social Service Needs Israel Anti Semitism The Media Philanthropic Profile Political Profile

3 Resources Available to the Community 1. 2. 3. 4. Main Report (1,200+ pages) Summary Report (180 pages) Slides (1,000+) Posted at www.jewishdetroit.org and www.jewishdatabank.org

4 Finding 1: Planning should assume that the Jewish population will remain relatively constant in the next years.

5 The Jewish Community of Detroit 83,800 persons live in 31,500 Jewish households, of whom 70,800 persons are Jewish Non Jews 13,000 15% 85% Plus 950 Jews in Institutions: 71,750 Jews Jews 70,800

6 Changes in the Size of the Jewish Community of Detroit 1989 2018 Number of 1989 Estimate 2005 Estimate 2018 Estimate Increase 2005 2018 Households 42,500 30,000 31,500 1,500 Persons in Jewish Households 105,000 78,000 83,800 5,800 Jews 96,000 71,500 70,800 700 % of Persons in Jewish Households Who Are Jewish 91% 92% 84%

7 Detroit 2018 Cleveland Detroit 2005 Chicago Philadelphia St. Louis New York Baltimore Pittsburgh Minneapolis Cincinnati Rhode Island Omaha Hartford St. Paul Tidewater New Haven Indianapolis Columbus Houston Lehigh Valley San Antonio Denver Portland (ME) Jacksonville Miami Middlesex Atlanta Washington Bergen Westport Atlantic County San Diego Broward Tucson St. Petersburg Howard County Phoenix West Palm Beach Las Vegas Sarasota South Palm Beach 2% 1% 1% 0% 34% 33% 30% 29% 25% 24% 21% 20% 18% 18% 18% 16% 16% 15% 14% 12% 11% 11% 9% 8% 7% 7% 6% Locally Born (Adults in Jewish Households) 57% 57% 57% 56% 55% 54% 52% 49% 46% 45% 43% 43% 40% 39% 62%

8 Long Term Households (20 or More Years) Detroit 2005 Detroit 2018 Detroit 1989 Cleveland Baltimore Philadelphia St. Louis New York Chicago Pittsburgh Houston Columbus Omaha Rhode Island Hartford Minneapolis New Haven Cincinnati Miami Broward Lehigh Valley San Antonio San Francisco St. Paul East Bay Tidewater St. Petersburg Denver Bergen Washington Jacksonville Indianapolis Atlantic County Howard County Middlesex Portland (ME) Atlanta San Diego Westport Tucson Seattle Phoenix Sarasota South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Las Vegas 26% 23% 23% 21% (Respondents) 45% 45% 44% 41% 37% 35% 88% 87% 87% 85% 83% 80% 78% 78% 76% 73% 71% 71% 69% 69% 69% 68% 67% 67% 65% 63% 63% 62% 60% 60% 59% 59% 56% 56% 56% 54% 53% 50% 50% 48% 47% 45% 93% of the people we interviewed lived in Detroit when we did the last study in 2005

9 Feel Very Much/Somewhat Part of the Local Jewish Community Detroit 2005 Baltimore * Cleveland * Pittsburgh * New York * South Palm Beach Detroit 2018 Bergen Miami San Antonio Rhode Island Indianapolis West Palm Beach Lehigh Valley Hartford Tidewater Houston Washington Jacksonville Middlesex Omaha Broward New Haven Sarasota Atlanta * Tucson Atlantic County Howard County * Westport San Diego * Phoenix * Portland (ME) St. Petersburg Las Vegas (Jewish Respondents) 79% 70% 67% 65% 63% 61% 60% 60% 59% 56% 55% 55% 55% 54% 53% 53% 51% 51% 50% 50% 49% 49% 49% 46% 44% 43% 43% 43% 41% 37% 36% * Responses are a lot and some 36% 31% Very Much Somewhat 31%

10 Migration of Jewish Households Average Annual In Migration **220 households moved in each year during the past five years Projected Average Annual Out Migration ** 100 households definitely moving out of Detroit each year during the next three years **535 households probably moving out of Detroit each year during the next three years Projected Change **the Jewish population should not change significantly in the next few years as a result of migration

11 Finding 2: While there remains a significant concentration of Jews in the Core Area, a geographic shift is occurring in the Jewish population.

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13 Jewish Households 2005 2018 (Respondents) All 30,000 31,500 Core Area Non Core Area 73% of households 72% of households 8,000 8,900 22,000 22,600 West Bloomfield Bloom Birm Franklin Farmington Southfield Oak Park Hunt Woods 7,650 6,800 2,750 4,450 5,250 2,800 2,800 2,050 3,200 4,100 Increases in red Decrease in blue 2005 2018 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000

14 Jewish Households 2005 2018 (Respondents) Wayne County 3,870 3,500 27% of full time employees work in Wayne County City of Detroit 800 1,900 Downtown Detroit 48201 and 48226 50 50 2005 2018 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000

15 Households in Top Three Zip Code Areas (Jewish Households) Westport Middlesex Howard County West Palm Beach Atlantic County South Palm Beach St. Paul Baltimore Lehigh Valley Indianapolis Miami Cleveland Detroit 1989 Rhode Island Pittsburgh Jacksonville Hartford San Antonio Detroit 2005 Sarasota Minneapolis Bergen Tucson Cincinnati Portland (ME) Tidewater Omaha Columbus St. Louis Detroit 2018 New Haven Houston Broward St. Petersburg Las Vegas Seattle Phoenix Atlanta San Diego Chicago San Francisco East Bay Washington Philadelphia Denver New York 25% 24% 21% 20% 19% 18% 18% 17% 16% 15% 14% 14% 13% 12% 10% 9% 36% 36% 35% 35% 34% 33% 33% 33% 33% 32% 30% 29% 28% 41% 41% 39% 39% 37% 37% 57% 57% 55% 54% 52% 51% 50% 46% 42% 48237 (Oak Park) 48076 (Southfield) 48334 (Farmington) 48322 (West Bloomfield) 48331 (Farmington) 48237 (Oak Park) 48322 (West Bloomfield) 48237 (Oak Park) 48323 (West Bloomfield) 66% 66% Jewish community generally has one major cluster of Jewish population Jewish community generally has no major clusters or several major clusters of Jewish population

16 Finding 3: A significant change has occurred in the age distribution since 2005 in part due to young Jews getting married later.

17 85+ 80 84 75 79 70 74 65 69 60 64 55 59 50 54 45 49 40 44 35 39 30 34 25 29 20 24 15 19 10 14 5 9 0 4 Age Distribution All Americans 2016 Age Group Males 1.1% 1.1% 1.4% 2.0% 2.7% 3.1% 3.5% 3.5% 3.1% 3.2% 3.1% 3.4% 3.4% 3.5% 3.1% 3.1% 3.1% 3.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.7% 0.8% 1.2% 1.7% 2.4% 2.9% 3.4% 3.5% 3.2% 3.2% 3.1% 3.5% 3.5% 3.7% 3.3% 3.3% 3.3% 3.1% Females 6.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% Median Age is 46 Years 21% are Age 65 and Over 9% are Age 75 and Over Median Age is 38 Years 14% are Age 65 and Over 6% are Age 75 and Over 85+ 80 84 75 79 70 74 65 69 60 64 55 59 50 54 45 49 40 44 35 39 30 34 25 29 20 24 15 19 10 14 5 9 0 4 Age Distribution Detroit Jewish Community Age Group 1.1% 1.0% 2.2% 2.2% 3.5% 4.1% 4.4% 2.9% 2.6% 2.1% 2.1% 1.8% 3.0% 4.1% 5.7% 2.8% Males 2.6% 1.9% 1.8% 1.3% 1.7% 2.8% 3.6% 4.0% 4.2% 3.6% 3.8% 2.2% 1.7% 2.2% 2.5% 4.0% 3.8% 2.6% 1.6% 2.4% Females 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0%

18 Age 18 34 Seattle Columbus San Francisco Detroit 2018 St. Louis San Diego Indianapolis Washington Omaha Baltimore Chicago Philadelphia Boston Pittsburgh New York Rhode Island Houston Miami Denver Broward Cincinnati Jacksonville Tidewater Howard County Phoenix Tucson Detroit 1989 Cleveland Atlanta Las Vegas Lehigh Valley St. Paul Bergen Minneapolis New Haven Middlesex Detroit 2005 Hartford Westport St. Petersburg Portland (ME) San Antonio Atlantic County West Palm Beach Sarasota South Palm Beach ACS (US) 2016 (Persons in Jewish Households) 25% 24% 23% 23% 23% 22% 22% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 19% 19% 18% 18% 18% 17% 17% 17% 17% 16% 16% 16% 16% 15% 15% 15% 14% 14% 14% 13% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 11% 11% 11% 9% 6% 6% 5% 24% 29% Westport Portland (ME) St. Paul Indianapolis Atlanta Bergen Minneapolis East Bay Detroit 1989 Howard County Tidewater Denver Hartford Baltimore Detroit 2005 Washington Chicago Cincinnati Pittsburgh Seattle Jacksonville Rhode Island St. Louis New Haven San Antonio San Diego Detroit 2018 Cleveland Lehigh Valley San Francisco Miami Columbus Phoenix Omaha Houston New York Philadelphia Middlesex Atlantic County Broward Tucson Las Vegas West Palm Beach Sarasota St. Petersburg South Palm Beach ACS (US) 2016 Married Households with Children Age 0 17 at Home (Jewish Households) 36% 36% 35% 34% 33% 32% 31% 30% 29% 29% 28% 28% 27% 27% 27% 26% 26% 26% 26% 25% 25% 24% 24% 24% 24% 23% 22% 22% 22% 21% 21% 21% 20% 20% 20% 20% 19% 18% 17% 17% 13% 0% 20% 40% 0% 60% 20% 80% 40% 100% 60% 9% 9% 8% 8% 19% 42%

19 Currently Married, 1989 2018 (Adults in Jewish Households) 1989 2005 2018 61% Under 35 24% 17% 77% 35 49 86% 78% 78% 50 64 83% 78%

20 Changes in Age Over Time (Persons in Jewish Households) 2005 2018 0 17 15,200 19,300 21% decrease since 2005 18 34 9,400 19,100 103% increase since 2005 35 49 12,200 13,500 10% decrease since 2005 50 64 17,300 19,40012% increase since 2005 65 74 7,600 10,100 33% increase since 2005 75+ 7,600 10,900 30% decrease since 2005 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000

21 Changes in Age of Children and College Age Over Time (Persons in Jewish Households) 2005 2018 0 5 4,400 4,500 6 12 5,000 7,900 37% decrease since 2005 13 17 5,600 7,000 20% decrease since 2005 18 24 6,100 82% increase since 2005 11,100 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000

22 Finding 4: Many fewer persons age 75 and over live alone than in 2005. The number of persons age 75 and over is down by 30%. A high percentage have a local adult child. Data available from public sources suggest that baby boomers will be healthier than previous generations. This probably means a reduced need for social services for the population age 75 and over when the baby boomers start to enter this age group in 2020.

23 Persons Age 75 and Over Who Live Alone (Persons Age 75 and Over in Jewish Households) Detroit 2005 St. Paul Tidewater Columbus Washington Cleveland Broward San Francisco Westport Baltimore Minneapolis Omaha New York Cincinnati Miami Tucson Detroit 1989 Detroit 2018 Rhode Island Hartford Lehigh Valley Las Vegas Pittsburgh St. Petersburg New Haven Portland (ME) South Palm Beach Atlantic County Chicago Middlesex Bergen Atlanta St. Louis San Antonio San Diego Indianapolis Houston Sarasota Denver Jacksonville West Palm Beach Howard County Phoenix 14% 40% 39% 39% 38% 37% 37% 36% 36% 36% 35% 35% 35% 34% 34% 33% 32% 32% 32% 31% 31% 31% 31% 31% 29% 29% 29% 28% 27% 27% 27% 26% 26% 26% 25% 24% 22% 20% 48% 48% 47% 45% 45%

24 Median Household Income of Households Age 65 and Over (Jewish Households with Persons Age 65 and Over) (Adjusted for inflation to 2017 dollars) Houston Westport East Bay Howard County Sarasota Cincinnati Indianapolis Washington Detroit 2018 West Palm Beach San Francisco Bergen New Haven San Antonio Portland (ME) Detroit 1989 Lehigh Valley Atlantic County Miami Chicago St. Petersburg Omaha South Palm Beach Rhode Island Tucson St. Louis Middlesex Pittsburgh Seattle San Diego Hartford Jacksonville Phoenix Baltimore Cleveland Denver Atlanta Broward New York Detroit 2005 Las Vegas Minneapolis Tidewater Columbus Boston St. Paul $94 $91 $89 $86 $85 $82 $79 $79 $79 $77 $75 $75 $73 $72 $71 $71 $69 $68 $64 $62 $61 $61 $61 $60 $60 $60 $60 $59 $59 $57 $57 $56 $55 $55 $55 $53 $53 $53 $49 $48 $48 $45 $44 $40 $108 $108 $0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 (in thousands)

25 Very Much Prefer Jewish Sponsored Adult Care Facilities Jacksonville Detroit 2005 South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Bergen Atlantic County Minneapolis Middlesex St. Paul Tidewater Sarasota Westport Washington San Antonio Hartford Rhode Island Lehigh Valley Tucson Detroit 2018 Houston Las Vegas Omaha New Haven St. Petersburg Portland (ME) Indianapolis (Jewish Respondents Age 40 and Over) 49% 47% 46% 46% 44% 44% 43% 43% 42% 41% 40% 40% 39% 38% 34% 31% 64% 62% 62% 61% 60% 59% 59% 58% 56% 55%

26 Finding 5: This is a less married, more divorced, highly educated, moderate income community.

27 Single, Never Married (Adults in Jewish Households) Washington Detroit 2018 Seattle Indianapolis New York St. Louis Columbus Chicago Omaha Broward Houston Phoenix Rhode Island Tucson Baltimore Atlanta Las Vegas Miami Minneapolis San Diego Jacksonville Pittsburgh Detroit 2005 St. Paul Tidewater St. Petersburg Cleveland New Haven Lehigh Valley San Antonio Bergen Hartford Middlesex Cincinnati Westport Denver Portland (ME) Atlantic County Howard County Philadelphia Detroit 1989 South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Sarasota ACS (US) 2016 (Age 15+) 27% 26% 26% 23% 23% 22% 22% 22% 21% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 19% 19% 19% 18% 18% 18% 18% 18% 17% 17% 17% 16% 16% 16% 16% 16% 15% 15% 14% 13% 13% 12% 12% 11% 10% 10% 10% 7% 7% 7% 33%

28 Divorce Rate (Adults in Jewish Households) (Divorced Adults per 1,000 Married Adults) Columbus Denver St. Petersburg Seattle Cleveland San Diego Broward New York Las Vegas St. Louis Tucson Detroit 2018 Miami Detroit 1989 Pittsburgh Cincinnati Tidewater Baltimore Atlanta San Antonio Houston Minneapolis Lehigh Valley Rhode Island Howard County Washington South Palm Beach Detroit 2005 St. Paul Jacksonville Westport Omaha New Haven Indianapolis Sarasota Bergen Atlantic County Hartford West Palm Beach Chicago Middlesex Portland (ME) ACS (US) 2016 (Age 15+) 42 145 140 134 128 123 122 122 118 113 106 105 103 102 97 94 88 87 84 80 80 80 77 77 76 76 75 71 67 61 60 57 164 156 176 186 200 200 210 234 227 0 50 100 150 200 250 229 276

29 Westport Washington Indianapolis Howard County Portland (ME) Houston New Haven East Bay Detroit 2018 Bergen Atlanta Cincinnati San Antonio Denver Chicago San Diego Philadelphia Lehigh Valley Miami Pittsburgh Columbus Minneapolis Hartford St. Paul Omaha Tucson Rhode Island Phoenix Cleveland Middlesex St. Louis Baltimore Detroit 2005 Broward Jacksonville St. Petersburg Atlantic County Tidewater Sarasota New York West Palm Beach Detroit 1989 Las Vegas South Palm Beach CPS (US) 2017 4 Year College Degree or Higher (Adults Age 25 and Over in Jewish Households) 34% 49% 49% 86% 85% 83% 82% 81% 79% 78% 77% 76% 76% 76% 75% 75% 74% 73% 72% 71% 71% 71% 70% 70% 70% 69% 69% 68% 68% 68% 67% 66% 66% 63% 63% 63% 61% 61% 60% 59% 59% 58% 57% 55% 54%

30 Median Household Income (Adjusted for inflation to 2017 dollars) (Jewish Households) Westport Bergen Howard County Indianapolis Washington East Bay Houston New Haven Hartford Detroit 1989 San Antonio Detroit 2005 Atlantic County Boston San Francisco Detroit 2018 Middlesex Portland (ME) Jacksonville Lehigh Valley Atlanta Minneapolis Cincinnati Phoenix St. Paul Pittsburgh Miami Tidewater Philadelphia Sarasota Rhode Island Chicago Seattle West Palm Beach Denver St. Petersburg Baltimore San Diego Broward Las Vegas Tucson Omaha St. Louis Cleveland South Palm Beach New York Columbus $57 $147 $136 $132 $131 $128 $126 $119 $116 $113 $110 $110 $110 $108 $108 $107 $106 $106 $106 $105 $105 $102 $101 $100 $99 $98 $96 $96 $94 $94 $93 $92 $92 $91 $90 $87 $87 $86 $85 $79 $78 $77 $76 $76 $76 $73 $193 ACS (US) $55 $0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300

31 Finding 6: Intermarriage has almost doubled since 2005. Synagogue membership and donations to Jewish charities for intermarried households are low. The community should increase efforts to involve intermarried couples in the community.

32 Intermarriage East Bay Portland (ME) Omaha St. Petersburg Indianapolis Seattle San Francisco Denver Columbus Atlanta Las Vegas St. Louis Tucson Boston San Diego Jacksonville Tidewater Washington Phoenix Houston St. Paul Cleveland San Antonio Pittsburgh Lehigh Valley Cincinnati Rhode Island New Haven Chicago Minneapolis Westport Detroit 2018 Howard County Philadelphia Atlantic County Broward Hartford New York Baltimore Sarasota Bergen Miami Detroit 2005 West Palm Beach Detroit 1989 Middlesex South Palm Beach 9% (Couples Intermarriage Rate) 61% 61% 58% 56% 55% 55% 55% 53% 52% 50% 48% 48% 46% 46% 44% 44% 43% 41% 40% 39% 39% 38% 37% 36% 36% 34% 34% 34% 33% 33% 33% 30% 29% 28% 26% 23% 23% 22% 20% 20% 17% 16% 16% 16% 15% 14% Pew 61%

33 Synagogue Membership Intermarried Households Cincinnati Tidewater Sarasota Pittsburgh Jacksonville Boston St. Louis Lehigh Valley Hartford San Antonio Howard County Westport Miami Minneapolis Rhode Island Portland (ME) St. Paul Washington Philadelphia Detroit 1989 Detroit 2018 Broward Detroit 2005 Bergen New Haven Indianapolis Chicago Middlesex New York Houston Atlantic County Tucson Columbus Baltimore Cleveland Denver San Francisco South Palm Beach Omaha San Diego East Bay Phoenix West Palm Beach St. Petersburg Atlanta Las Vegas Seattle 2% 28% 27% 27% 27% 26% 26% 26% 25% 24% 22% 22% 21% 20% 20% 19% 19% 19% 19% 19% 18% 17% 17% 17% 16% 16% 16% 15% 15% 15% 15% 14% 14% 13% 13% 13% 13% 12% 10% 10% 10% 10% 9% 7% 6% 38% 37% Overall synagogue membership is 39%

34 Finding 7: The Detroit Jewish community has a higher percentage of Orthodox Jews than most American Jewish communities.

35 Jewish Identification (Jewish Households) Reconstructionist 2% Conservative 20% Orthodox Household size is 4.06 Reform 35% Orthodox 9% Humanist 4% Non Orthodox Household size is 2.54 Just Jewish 31%

36 Jewish Identification (Jewish Persons) Conservative 20% Reconstructionist 1% Orthodox 15% Reform 35% Humanist 4% Just Jewish 25%

37 Jewish Identification (12,000 Jewish Children) Orthodox 37% Conservative 16% Reconstructionist 1% Humanist 2% Just Jewish 13% Reform 30%

38 Baltimore New York Bergen Miami Detroit 2005 Cleveland Atlanta Detroit 2018 Chicago Middlesex Pittsburgh Detroit 1989 St. Louis Philadelphia Rhode Island Columbus Cincinnati Seattle Indianapolis Broward Houston New Haven Lehigh Valley San Antonio Boston South Palm Beach Hartford St. Petersburg Omaha East Bay Las Vegas San Francisco San Diego Phoenix Tidewater Denver Portland (ME) West Palm Beach Minneapolis St. Paul Washington Jacksonville Tucson Sarasota Westport Howard County Atlantic County 9% 7% 7% 7% 7% 6% 6% 6% 5% 5% 5% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 12% 11% 11% 10% 10% Orthodox Identification (Jewish Respondents) 21% 20% 15,400 10,600

39 Finding 8: Membership in the community has declined significantly.

40 Cincinnati Tidewater St. Paul Minneapolis Pittsburgh Hartford San Antonio Detroit 1989 Lehigh Valley Detroit 2005 Bergen Jacksonville Howard County St. Louis Baltimore Westport Sarasota Houston New York Middlesex Atlantic County New Haven Rhode Island Cleveland Detroit 2018 Columbus Boston Washington Miami Chicago Philadelphia Omaha Broward Portland (ME) Atlanta South Palm Beach Denver Tucson West Palm Beach Indianapolis San Diego Phoenix San Francisco East Bay Seattle St. Petersburg Las Vegas 15% 14% Synagogue Membership (Jewish Households) 60% 58% 56% 54% 53% 53% 52% 52% 51% 50% 50% 49% 48% 46% 46% 46% 45% 44% 44% 44% 44% 43% 43% 42% 39% 38% 38% 37% 36% 36% 35% 34% 34% 33% 33% 33% 32% 32% Pew 31% 22% 21% 21% 30% 29% 29% 29%

41 Synagogue Membership Households with Children Cincinnati Detroit 2005 Bergen New York Tidewater Hartford Cleveland San Antonio Pittsburgh Sarasota Westport Baltimore Jacksonville Howard County Phoenix Detroit 1989 Washington Lehigh Valley Atlantic County St. Paul Middlesex Minneapolis Detroit 2018 Miami Houston St. Louis New Haven Chicago South Palm Beach Broward Atlanta Rhode Island Philadelphia Tucson Omaha Portland (ME) San Diego Columbus Denver Indianapolis San Francisco West Palm Beach St. Petersburg East Bay Las Vegas 16% 65% 64% 64% 64% 60% 60% 60% 60% 60% 58% 58% 57% 57% 57% 56% 55% 54% 54% 53% 53% 52% 51% 49% 49% 49% 48% 46% 45% 44% 44% 41% 41% 40% 39% 38% 37% 37% 34% 33% 31% 28% 28% 74% 71%

42 Participated in or Attended any Programs or Religious Services at, or Sponsored by, a Local Synagogue in the Past Year (Jewish Households) Detroit 71% Houston 66% Omaha 64% Indianapolis 62% Broward 60% St. Petersburg 33%

43 Local JCC Membership St. Paul Omaha San Antonio Indianapolis St. Louis Jacksonville Pittsburgh Hartford Bergen Palisades Detroit 1989 Houston Baltimore Tidewater Cleveland Lehigh Valley Minneapolis Tucson Miami Miami Beach Boston Detroit 2005 Columbus New Haven Atlantic County San Francisco Broward Posnack Sarasota Miami Russell Washington Greater Washington Atlanta Washington DCJCC Rhode Island Bergen YJCC Miami Alper Detroit 2018 Chicago West Palm Beach Kaplan West Palm Beach Boynton Washington NOVA Seattle South Palm Beach Howard County Las Vegas * Broward Soref Middlesex Westport (Jewish Households) 29% 29% 28% 26% 26% 23% 22% 21% 21% 19% 19% 19% 18% 18% 17% 17% 16% 15% 15% 14% 14% 14% 13% 12% 12% 11% 11% 10% 10% 10% 10% 9% 8% 8% 7% 5% 5% 5% 4% 3% 3% 2% 2% 1% 36% * JCC is not a full service facility.

44 Jewish Organization Membership Other Than a Synagogue or JCC (Jewish Households) Sarasota Detroit 1989 West Palm Beach South Palm Beach Middlesex Detroit 2005 Bergen Tidewater Lehigh Valley St. Paul Minneapolis Jacksonville Hartford Baltimore Rhode Island San Antonio Atlantic County Pittsburgh New Haven Tucson Westport Houston Miami New York Atlanta St. Louis Chicago Columbus Portland (ME) San Francisco Seattle Omaha Broward Washington Detroit 2018 Cleveland Indianapolis Denver St. Petersburg Las Vegas Howard County 47% 47% 43% 40% 38% 36% 36% 36% 34% 34% 33% 32% 32% 30% 30% 29% 29% 29% 25% 25% 25% 24% 24% 24% 24% 23% 23% 22% 21% 21% 21% 20% 20% 20% 19% 19% 16% 16% 15% 12% 11%

45 Finding 9: Federation is well known in the Jewish community and has an excellent reputation.

46 Very Familiar with the Local Jewish Federation Omaha Detroit 2018 Detroit 2005 Tidewater San Antonio Indianapolis Lehigh Valley Minneapolis Rhode Island Hartford Jacksonville New Haven Miami St. Paul Broward Sarasota Howard County Portland (ME) Bergen New York Washington Middlesex Tucson Atlantic County South Palm Beach St. Petersburg Westport West Palm Beach Las Vegas 7% (Respondents) 39% 37% 35% 32% 30% 30% 29% 26% 26% 23% 21% 21% 21% 20% 20% 20% 19% 18% 16% 15% 15% 15% 14% 13% 12% 12% 11% 46%

47 Excellent Perceptions of the Local Jewish Federation (Respondents Who Are Very/Somewhat Familiar) Omaha Detroit 2018 Sarasota Detroit 2005 Broward Tucson San Antonio Jacksonville South Palm Beach Tidewater Indianapolis Miami St. Paul Minneapolis St. Petersburg Hartford West Palm Beach Lehigh Valley New Haven Rhode Island Portland (ME) Middlesex Atlantic County Bergen Westport Washington Las Vegas 11% 38% 35% 35% 34% 34% 33% 32% 32% 32% 31% 30% 29% 29% 29% 28% 28% 26% 26% 25% 24% 23% 22% 22% 22% 20% 49%

48 Finding 10: The community has significant connections to Israel.

49 Households in Which a Member Visited Israel Miami Detroit 2018 Bergen Broward South Palm Beach Houston Detroit 2005 Sarasota West Palm Beach Middlesex Minneapolis Indianapolis Washington New Haven St. Paul Omaha Lehigh Valley Westport Tucson Hartford San Antonio Atlantic County Rhode Island Tidewater Jacksonville Portland (ME) St. Petersburg Las Vegas (Jewish Households) 63% 62% 61% 61% 59% 58% 56% 55% 54% 52% 51% 51% 50% 49% 45% 45% 44% 43% 43% 42% 42% 41% 40% 37% 35% 34% 33% 71% Jewish Trip General Trip

50 Households in Which a Jewish Child Visited Israel Miami Bergen New York Detroit 2018 Cleveland Baltimore Omaha Detroit 2005 Indianapolis New Haven Broward Middlesex Rhode Island St. Petersburg San Antonio Chicago Cincinnati St. Paul Minneapolis S Palm Beach Washington St. Louis Tucson Tidewater Hartford Las Vegas Houston Jacksonville Lehigh Valley Portland (ME) Sarasota Pittsburgh Westport Atlantic County Howard County Phoenix Detroit 1989 Columbus W Palm Beach (Households with Jewish Children Age 6 17) 38% 35% 33% 30% 26% 25% 25% 24% 24% 22% 22% 21% 19% 19% 18% 18% 17% 17% 16% 16% 16% 15% 14% 14% 14% 12% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 9% 9% 8% 7% 7% 6% 5% 46% Communities with white bars did not ask type of trip Jewish Trip General Trip

51 Finding 11: The Federation Annual Campaign shows both signs of strength and weakness.

52 $55.0 $50.0 (In millions) Jewish Federation Annual Campaign (Adjusted for Inflation to 2017 Dollars) $51.6 $45.0 $43.0 $42.5$42.4 $43.9$43.6$43.4$43.8 $45.6 $44.0 $43.6 $40.0 $35.0 $39.9 $38.7 $39.5 $35.6 $34.3 $32.7 $32.0$31.5 $31.5 $31.7 $32.3 $32.6 $30.0 $25.0 $20.0 $15.0 $10.0 $5.0 $0.0 95 96 97 98 99 oo o1 o2 o3 o4 o5 o6 o7 o8 o9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

53 Number of Donors to Jewish Federation Annual Campaign 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 16,609 16,000 15,551 15,39315,056 14,958 14,641 13,508 12,727 11,435 12,450 12,115 11,300 11,601 11,840 11,362 10,000 10,474 10,357 10,180 9,808 9,681 9,347 9,600 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 95 96 97 98 99 oo o1 o2 o3 o4 o5 o6 o7 o8 o9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

54 Average Donation to Local Jewish Federation Per Jewish Household Detroit 2005 Detroit 2018 Tidewater Cleveland Minneapolis Pittsburgh Omaha Baltimore Lehigh Valley Chicago Boston St. Paul Indianapolis Cincinnati Columbus Miami Jacksonville San Antonio Rhode Island Houston Hartford St. Louis Tucson Sarasota Atlanta New Haven West Palm Beach New York South Palm Beach Seattle Washington Westport Philadelphia San Francisco Denver San Diego Portland (ME) Middlesex Phoenix St. Petersburg Howard County Heart of NJ Broward Atlantic County Las Vegas $666 $652 $624 $617 $579 $561 $524 $486 $443 $423 $406 $405 $383 $348 $336 $319 $291 $280 $259 $258 $235 $230 $222 $217 $205 $189 $177 $152 $142 $133 $118 $115 $99 $95 $78 $66 $65 $65 $56 $53 $45 $792 $869 $1,090 Based generally upon the dollars raised in 2015 and the number of Jewish households in the year of the study $0 $500 $1,000 $1,500 $1,454

55 Importance of Motivations to Donate to a Jewish Organization % Very Important (Respondents in Households Who Donated $100 and Over to the Jewish Federation in the Past Year) Helping Jews Locally Who Are in Financial Need 62% Providing Services for the Jewish Elderly 62% Providing Jewish Education for Children 45% Supporting the People of Israel 45% Social, Recreational, Cultural Activities for Jews 39% Helping Jewish Children Go to Israel 31% Helping Jewish Communities Elsewhere in the World 30% Helping Jewish Children Go to Jewish Summer Camp 28% Jewish Org that Helps Both Jews and non Jews 26% Scholarships for Children to Attend Day School 22%

56 Finding 12: Jewish education as a child, Jewish overnight camp as a child, Jewish teenage youth group, Hillel/Chabad in college, and Israel trips correlate positively with Jewish behaviors as adults.

57 Households in Which The Respondent Received Some Formal Jewish Education as a Child Correlation with Adult Jewish Behaviors (Households with Born or Raised Jewish Respondents) 93% Passover Seder Always/Usually 57% 71% 52% Synagogue Member 38% 24% 22% Donated $100+ to Federation 9% 26% To Jewish Day School To Supplemental School No Jewish Education

58 Attended or Worked at a Jewish Overnight Camp as Children Detroit 2018 Columbus Philadelphia Phoenix Pittsburgh San Diego St. Louis Detroit 2005 Minneapolis Cincinnati St. Paul Washington Bergen Indianapolis Lehigh Valley Rhode Island Broward Miami Houston San Antonio Cleveland New Haven Omaha Jacksonville Westport Las Vegas Hartford St. Petersburg Middlesex South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Atlantic County (Born or Raised Jewish Adults) 45% 45% 45% 44% 43% 42% 42% 42% 38% 37% 37% 37% 36% 35% 35% 34% 33% 32% 32% 31% 31% 30% 30% 30% 27% 25% 24% 24% 24% 23% 23% 51%

59 Households in Which The Respondent Attended or Worked at a Jewish Overnight Camp as a Child Correlation with Adult Jewish Behaviors (Households with Born or Raised Jewish Respondents) Passover Seder 84% Always/Usually 70% 42% Synagogue Member 40% 34% Donated $100+ to Federation 22% To Camp Not to Camp

60 Households in Which The Respondent Participated in a Jewish Youth Group as a Teenager Correlation with Adult Jewish Behaviors (Households with Born or Raised Jewish Respondents) 84% Passover Seder Always/Usually 64% 45% Synagogue Member 29% 25% Donated $100+ to Federation 27% Youth Group Participant Not Youth Group Participant

61 Households in Which the Respondent Participated in Hillel/Chabad While in College (Excluding High Holidays) Correlation with Adult Jewish Behaviors (Households with Born or Raised Jewish Respondents Who Attended College) 98% Passover Seder Always/Usually 77% 67% Synagogue Member 40% 32% Donated $100+ to Federation 28% Hillel/Chabad Participant Not Hillel/Chabad Participant

62 Households in Which an Adult Has Visited Israel (Jewish Households) 98% Passover Seder 84% Always/Usually 49% 65% Synagogue Member 56% 17% 42% Donated $100+ to Federation in the Past Year 11% 27% An Adult Visited Israel on a: Jewish Trip General Trip No Adult to Israel

63 A Few Other Interesting Findings

64 Median Household Income (Jewish Households) All $107 Elderly Couple $99 Elderly Single $53 Orthodox $71 Conservative $96 Reform $125 Just Jewish $107 Synagogue Member $134 Non Member $94 $0 $25 $50 $75 $100 $125 $150 $175 (in thousands)

65 Need for Social Services in the Past Year (Jewish Households, except Job Counseling Households Age 18 64 and Special Needs, Mental Health Services Households with Children) Coordinating Services for an Elderly Person 14.4% Received Jewish Help Received Other Help No Help Received Coordinating Services for a a Non Elderly Disabled Person Marital, Family, or Personal Counseling 4.9% 14.0% Compared to Other Communities Elderly Coordination: Average Counseling: Average Job Counseling: Average Special Needs: Average Financial Assistance 4.7% Job Counseling 12.1% Special Needs 11.3% Mental Health Services 30.8% 0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0%100.0%

66 Denver Jacksonville San Diego Las Vegas St. Paul Tucson Tidewater Rhode Island Detroit 2018 Lehigh Valley Portland (ME) Minneapolis Omaha Houston Detroit 2005 Indianapolis St. Petersburg New Haven San Antonio Hartford Westport Broward Miami Washington Bergen Atlantic County Sarasota West Palm Beach Middlesex South Palm Beach Personally Experienced Antisemitism in Local Community in the Past Year 24% 21% 19% 18% 18% 18% 18% 17% 16% 16% 16% 16% 15% 15% 15% 14% 14% 14% 14% 13% 13% 12% 12% 12% 12% 11% 11% 9% 8% 7% (Jewish Respondents)

67 Households in Which a Jewish Child Age 6 17 Experienced Antisemitism in the Local Community in the Past Year (Households with Jewish Children Age 6 17) San Antonio Omaha Indianapolis Sarasota Houston West Palm Beach Tidewater Las Vegas Jacksonville Lehigh Valley Detroit 2005 Minneapolis Rhode Island New Haven Atlantic County Broward Detroit 2018 Middlesex Portland (ME) Hartford Westport Bergen St. Paul South Palm Beach Tucson Washington Miami St. Petersburg 23% 20% 20% 18% 18% 18% 18% 17% 15% 14% 13% 13% 13% 13% 12% 11% 10% 9% 9% 8% 6% 3% 34% 30% 29% 29% 28% 28%

68 Overall Involvement in Jewish Activity (Practice, Attend Synagogue Services at Least Once per Year, Associated, Middlesex Detroit 2005 Bergen South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Atlantic County Minneapolis Broward Miami St. Paul Westport Detroit 1989 Chicago * Howard County * Lehigh Valley Tidewater Hartford Detroit 2018 New Haven San Antonio Pittsburgh Houston Washington Rhode Island Indianapolis Sarasota Cleveland Tucson Portland (ME) Omaha Baltimore * Jacksonville Phoenix St. Louis Las Vegas St. Petersburg Columbus or Donated to a Jewish Charity in the Past Year) (Jewish Households) 72% 96% 96% 96% 95% 95% 95% 95% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 91% 91% 91% 91% 90% 90% 90% 89% 89% 88% 88% 87% 86% 86% 86% 84% 83% 83% 81% * Excludes attendance at synagogue services at least once per year

69 The 2018 Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Detroit Population Study: Twelve Major Findings Ira M. Sheskin, Ph.D. Director of the Jewish Demography Project of the Sue and Leonard Miller Center for Contemporary Judaic Studies and Professor Department of Geography University of Miami

70 General Population of City of Detroit 2,500,000 2,000,000 5th largest US City 1,850,000 1,670,000 54% non Hispanic White Loss of 1.77 million since 1950 Loss of 278,000 since 2000 1,500,000 1,514,000 1,000,000 1,203,000 1,028,000 951,000 714,000 10% non Hispanic White 23rd largest US City 673,000 500,000 0 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2016

71 Have a Local Adult Child Minneapolis St. Paul Houston Omaha Detroit 2018 Detroit 2005 Tidewater Baltimore Chicago Cincinnati Indianapolis New York Denver Washington Rhode Island Lehigh Valley San Antonio Hartford Portland (ME) Columbus Tucson Jacksonville Bergen St. Louis New Haven Pittsburgh Westport St. Petersburg Miami Las Vegas Atlantic County Middlesex Broward South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Sarasota 16% 16% Households Age 75 and Over 21% 31% 30% 28% 79% 77% 73% 69% 68% 67% 67% 66% 66% 66% 64% 64% 63% 62% 57% 55% 55% 55% 52% 51% 51% 46% 46% 45% 44% 44% 41% 40% 40% 40%

72 Graduate Degree (Adults Age 25 and Over in Jewish Households) Howard County Washington Indianapolis New Haven Portland (ME) Philadelphia Westport Detroit 2018 Denver Houston Chicago Cincinnati East Bay Pittsburgh Lehigh Valley San Antonio Columbus San Diego Tucson Bergen Hartford St. Louis Cleveland New York Baltimore St. Paul Rhode Island Miami Atlanta Detroit 2005 Phoenix Omaha Minneapolis St. Petersburg Middlesex Detroit 1989 Broward Sarasota Atlantic County Tidewater Jacksonville West Palm Beach Las Vegas South Palm Beach 45% 42% 42% 41% 41% 40% 40% 39% 39% 39% 38% 38% 37% 36% 35% 35% 35% 35% 34% 33% 33% 33% 33% 33% 33% 32% 32% 31% 31% 30% 30% 29% 28% 27% 26% 25% 24% 23% 22% 20% 18% 18% 52% 52% CPS (US) 2017 13%

73 70% Age Distribution by Jewish Identification Orthodox 2005 70% Orthodox 2018 60% 50% 46% 60% 50% 41% 40% 30% 20% 19% 15% 10% 11% 40% 30% 20% 24% 16% 11% 8% 10% 10% 0% 0 17 18 34 35 49 50 64 65+ 0% 0 17 18 34 35 49 50 64 65+

74 Participated in or Attended any Programs or Religious Services at, or Sponsored by, Chabad in the Past Year Broward 23% Miami 23% Houston 19% Indianapolis 16% New Haven 14% Detroit 13% St. Petersburg 10% Omaha 9%

75 JCC Membership Households with Children Omaha San Antonio St. Louis St. Paul Jacksonville Tucson Bergen Palisades Baltimore Tidewater Indianapolis Miami Miami Beach Lehigh Valley Pittsburgh Detroit 1989 Cleveland Houston Detroit 2005 Broward Posnack Miami Russell New Haven Hartford West Palm Beach Boynton Sarasota Columbus Atlantic County Atlanta Minneapolis San Francisco Chicago Washington DCJCC Washington Greater Washington Rhode Island South Palm Beach Bergen YJCC Miami Alper West Palm Beach Kaplan Detroit 2018 Las Vegas * Washington NOVA Howard County Middlesex Broward Soref Westport 45% 42% 40% 40% 36% 35% 33% 29% 29% 28% 28% 28% 27% 27% 26% 24% 23% 22% 22% 22% 22% 19% 19% 18% 18% 16% 16% 16% 15% 15% 15% 15% 13% 13% 12% 11% 8% 6% 6% 3% 2% 1% 1% * JCC is not a full service facility.

76 Households in Which a Member Visited Israel on a Jewish Trip (Jewish Households) Detroit 2018 Indianapolis Houston Detroit 2005 South Palm Beach Sarasota Miami Bergen Omaha Broward West Palm Beach Minneapolis Washington Middlesex St. Paul Hartford Lehigh Valley Atlantic County Tidewater New Haven San Antonio Rhode Island Westport Tucson Jacksonville Portland (ME) St. Petersburg Las Vegas 36% 32% 31% 29% 28% 28% 26% 26% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 24% 24% 23% 22% 22% 22% 20% 20% 20% 19% 17% 17% 13% 12% 10%

77 Donated to Local Jewish Federation in the Past Year (Based upon the Jewish Federation Survey) (Jewish Households) Minneapolis Detroit 2018 St. Paul Sarasota Tidewater Rhode Island San Antonio Detroit 2005 Lehigh Valley Hartford Bergen New Haven Westport Omaha Jacksonville Atlantic County South Palm Beach Tucson Middlesex West Palm Beach Miami Indianapolis Washington Portland (ME) Seattle Houston St. Petersburg Las Vegas 6% 4% 22% 22% 21% 20% 18% 17% 17% 16% 16% 15% 14% 14% 13% 13% 12% 38% 35% 35% 35% 35% 33% 32% 32% 30% 30% 28% 11,362 donors divided by 31,500 total households We do not know number of households who donated. It is lower than 11,362

78 Need for Social Services in the Past Year (Households with Persons Age 75 and Over) In Home Health Care 21.5% In Home Support Services 19.6% Handyman/ Home Maintenance Services 44.1% Senior Transportation 13.8% Nursing Home Adult Day Care/Adult Day Programs Assisted Living Facility Home Delivered Meals 1.5% 3.9% 4.0% 1.9% Compared to Other Communities In Home Health Care: Average Transportation: Average Nursing Home: Lowest Assisted Living Facility: Average Meals: Average Received Jewish Help Received Other Help No Help Received 0.0%10.0%20.0%30.0%40.0%50.0%60.0%70.0%80.0%90.0%100.0%

79 Perceive a Great Deal/Moderate Amount of Antisemitism in Local Community (Respondents) Detroit 2005 Jacksonville Hartford Minneapolis Las Vegas Detroit 2018 St. Paul Lehigh Valley Tidewater Rhode Island Houston St. Petersburg South Palm Beach Broward Miami Sarasota Bergen New Haven Atlantic County Portland (ME) Westport Omaha Indianapolis Middlesex Washington San Francisco San Antonio Tucson 48% 48% 46% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 43% 43% 42% 41% 41% 38% 37% 37% 36% 34% 34% 33% 33% 32% 31% 29% 28% 26% 24% 61% Great Deal Moderate Amount

80 Summary of Donations (Jewish Households) Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Detroit 42% Compared to about 40 other Jewish communities: Federation: Above Average Other Jewish Charities: Above Average Any Jewish Charity: Average Non Jewish Charities: Average Any Charities: Average Other Jewish Charities (excluding Federations) 58% Any Jewish Charity (including Federations) 67% Non Jewish Charities 79% Any Charity 89%

81 Always/Usually Read a Local Jewish Newspaper (Jewish Respondents) Detroit 2005 San Antonio * Rhode Island * Jacksonville * Tidewater * Lehigh Valley * Omaha * Tucson * Minneapolis * Bergen * Sarasota * Middlesex * West Palm Beach South Palm Beach St. Paul * Detroit 2018 Atlantic County Portland (ME) * New Haven * St. Petersburg Hartford Las Vegas * Indianapolis * Houston Washington Westport * Minneapolis American Jewish World St. Paul Twin Cities Jewish Life * Minneapolis Twin Cities Jewish Life * St. Paul American Jewish World Las Vegas Jewish Reporter * Las Vegas Israelite 9% 14% 14% 26% 26% 25% 25% 24% 22% 21% 28% 28% 28% 25% 20% 49% 49% 48% 47% 47% 42% 42% 39% 38% 37% 37% 36% 36% 35% 34% 33% 57% Individual Newspapers in Communities with More Than One Newspaper * The Jewish newspaper or one of the Jewish newspapers in the community is published by the Jewish Federation and is distributed to some or all of the households on the Jewish Federation mailing list.

82 Political Party (Jewish Respondents) Democrat 51% Republican 15% Independent 34%

83 Percentage Republican (Jewish Respondents) Houston 31% St. Petersburg 25% Miami 18% Omaha 17% Broward 17% Indianapolis 16% Detroit 15% St. Paul 13% Democrat 51% Republican 15% Washington 11% Bergen 11% Minneapolis 9% San Francisco 9% Independent 34% Seattle 8%

84 Percentage Democrat (Jewish Respondents) Washington Minneapolis St. Paul Bergen Seattle San Francisco St. Petersburg Broward 69% 66% 63% 63% 63% 61% 56% 56% Indianapolis Miami 55% 53% Democrat 51% Republican 15% Detroit 51% Omaha Houston 41% 51% Independent 34%

85 Percentage Independent (Jewish Respondents) Detroit 34% Omaha 33% Indianapolis 29% Broward 26% Seattle 25% Houston 24% Miami 21% St. Petersburg 19% Democrat 51% Republican 15% Minneapolis 19% Bergen 19% St. Paul 18% Washington 17% Independent 34% San Francisco 12%

86 Not at All Familiar with the Local Jewish Federation Y Las Vegas West Palm Beach San Francisco South Palm Beach St. Petersburg Howard County Portland (ME) Atlantic County New York Tucson Middlesex Westport Washington St. Paul Broward Sarasota Miami Bergen New Haven Lehigh Valley Jacksonville Hartford Rhode Island Indianapolis San Antonio Minneapolis Tidewater Detroit 2018 Detroit 2005 Omaha 15% (Respondents) 63% 63% 60% 59% 55% 54% 51% 51% 49% 47% 45% 45% 44% 41% 38% 38% 35% 34% 33% 29% 28% 27% 26% 25% 24% 24% 23% 22% 20%