Early U.S. History Chapter 1 The Three Worlds Meet
3 Worlds Meet
Three-Worlds-Meet Asia Native-Americans Americas Africa Slaves Europe Exploring
Paleo-Indians Earliest Americans Migrated from Asia during the last Ice Age, about 20 thousand years ago. They crossed Beringia chasing large animals. Over thousands of years, civilizations will spread throughout North and South America
Beringia
Agriculture Agriculture allows for people to stay in one spot. Communities will grow and cultures will emerge.
Before Agriculture After Nomads Stay in one place Small groups Larger groups Short life expectancy Longer life expectancy No leisure time More leisure time Little culture Cultures will flourish
Adapting to Climate Changes Where you live, shapes how you live. societies were shaped by their environments. Many different cultures. earliest farming societies began in Mesoamerica. (central and south America) first crop, maize. mother society, Olmec.
Before Columbus
Slavery Slavery existed in Africa before Europeans arrived. Differed though. In Africa, slaves were not born as slaves nor did it mean a lifetime of servitude. Could get out of slavery a number of ways. In America, it was based on race and continued for generations.
African slave trade Africa lost many of its best people. Destroyed many tribes. Led to war among tribes.
Africa and Islam Muhammad starts and spreads Islam. Became very popular in North Africa along the trading routes. Muslim leaders become very powerful and begin competing against the Catholic Church.
Problems with trade routes Routes were on land. Very long distances Could not carry much Dangerous camel jacking Very expensive
Sarah Hi-way
Europe Searches Portugal is the first European country to colonize Africa. Africans new how to cultivate rice and sugar.
Middle Ages Feudalism. Pyramid of importance. Peasants made up the largest group by far. Poorest.
The Rise of Nations Mid to late Middle Ages led to a decline in power for nobles. Single rulers began to take over and it led to the rise of nations. England and France were of the earliest nations.
Catholic Church Center of religious and social life. The only Christian Church at the time. Very Powerful. Pope is head of the church.
The Crusades Holy Wars between the Christians and Muslims over the Holy Land. Christians lose control of Holy Land. Catholic Church and nobles lose power, monarchs gain it. Leads to an increase in trade between Europe, Africa, and Asia. Led to the discovery of North and South America by Europeans.
Renaissance Began in Italy around the mid 1300s. Study of Greek and Roman art and literature. Led to advances in math and science. Which also led to advances in technology that improved the way of life for people. Focused on individual accomplishments and desires. Society became more worldly.
Michelangelo s Genesis and David
da Vinci s Last Supper and Mona Lisa
Reformation Reformation- Break up of the Catholic Church. Started by Martin Luther in Germany. (1517) Luther questioned some church practices and beliefs. Effects- Pope and Catholic Church loses power. New Protestant Christian religions. Countries will adopt religions and go to war with each other.
Protestant Reformation Martin Luther protests some Catholic policies.
Printing press helps spread reformation ideas. Catholics and Protestants begin to fight. 1534, King Henry VIII founds the Church of England. Made himself head of the church. Catholic Spain wages war on Protestant England.
Portuguese Explore Africa Prince Henry greatly improves sailing. Biggest influence in Europe in exploration. 1 St to explore and colonize Africa. 1 St to sail around Cape of Good Hope. (Dias) 1 ST to sail to India. (Da Gama) 1 ST to start African slave trade to Europe.
Voyages to the Americas Columbus believes if you sail west, it will take you straight to Asia. Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, support Columbus. Columbus is to bring back riches, spices, and any other things of value. Claim new lands for Spain. Convert people to Christianity.
Columbus sets sail Set sail on August 3 RD, 1492 Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria. October 12 TH 1492, he lands in what we today call the Bahamas. He named it San Salvador. The people there were the Taino Columbus believed he had discovered a new route to Asia. That s why he called the people he came into contact with, Indians. Main goals were gold, land, and spread Christianity.
Vikings were the first Europeans to visit North America. Led by Leif Eriksson. Did not stay or leave a lasting impression.
Colonization Europeans are going to colonize areas they claim. Total Rule Will force their culture on the natives. Religion, government, and language Millions of Native Americans will die as a result of disease. They were not immune to European diseases
Columbian Exchange Exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between the Western Hemisphere and the Eastern Hemisphere. Some were good Some were bad
Columbian Exchange
Treaty of Tordesillas Treaty between Spain and Portugal that divided up land in the New World. Everything to the West of the line belonged to Spain and everything East of the line belonged to Portugal.
Native American West African European Land belonged to everyone. Could not be bought or sold. Some matrilineal lineage Elders were important Extended family Women were important and could have ownership of things The natural world was filled with spirits that guided them. Slavery not permanent Land ownership Some matrilineal lineage Elders were important Extended Family Women were important and could have ownership of things The natural world was filled with spirits that guided them. Some Islam Slavery not permanent land ownership Paternal lineage Elders not important Nuclear Family Women were not important and could not have ownership of things Christianity Slavery was permanent