Galations 1 Corinthians: Paul's Earliest Letters Judaism: The Religion Jesus Was Born Into NT223 Lesson 03 of 03 Listening Guide I. Introduction to Judaism and Archaeological Evidence [1] What two topics are addressed in this lesson? II. Judaism [2] Why is an understanding of Judaism an important area of study for New Testament scholars? [3] Who do both Jewish and Christian believers trace their faith back to? [4] How long do Jews believe the covenant between Abraham and God is in effect? A. Scripture [5] On what two sources do Jews base their religion? [6] What are the three parts of the Hebrew Bible? [7] How many books are in the Hebrew Bible? [8] How many books are in the Christian Old Testament? There is a difference because the Christian Bible divides the books of Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles into two books each, and the Hebrew Bible doesn t. The Hebrew Bible combines the books of Ezra and Nehemiah into one book and combines the twelve Minor Prophets into one book called The Twelve. NT223 Listening Guide 2017 Our Daily Bread Ministries. All Rights Reserved. Lesson 03 1
[9] What is the Hebrew meaning of Torah? [10] What does the Torah contain? [11] What is the relationship between the Torah and the prophets? B. Places of Worship [12] At the beginning of the New Testament, obedience of the Jews to the Torah is centered in which two places? [13] Where were synagogues located in New Testament times? [14] When, according to Blomberg, is the most logical view of the synagogue s origin? [15] According to the inscription from Ophel, what was the synagogue s role? [16] How did Greeks and Romans relate to the Jewish synagogues outside of Palestine? [17] Why were two temples built during the Old Testament time? [18] Who enlarged and beautified the temple in 20 29 b.c.? C. Leadership under Roman Rule NT223 Listening Guide 2017 Our Daily Bread Ministries. All Rights Reserved. Lesson 03 2
[19] How much freedom did Jews have over their own lives under Roman rule? 1. The High Priests [20] What areas of life did the high priest have jurisdiction over and what restrictions did he have? [21] What four great festivals did Blomberg mention? [22] Where was only the high priest allowed to enter? 2. Priests [23] What tribe did Israel s priests come from? [24] What was the difference between a priest from Levi s family and one from Aaron s family? [25] What functions were the priests primarily concerned with? 3. Levites [26] What was the difference between the Levites who participated in the temple and those who didn t? [27] What was the difference between a Levite and a priest? 4. Sanhedrin [28] What was the Sanhedrin? NT223 Listening Guide 2017 Our Daily Bread Ministries. All Rights Reserved. Lesson 03 3
[29] Who were members of the Sanhedrin? [30] In New Testament times, how many members did the Sanhedrin have? [31] What were some of the powers the Sanhedrin could exercise? D. Religious Calendar [32] How many primary celebrations were listed on the Jewish religious calendar? [33] Which celebration was first on the Jewish calendar? [34] How many of the feasts were ordered by God? [35] What three annual feasts were celebrated with pilgrimages to Jerusalem? 1. Feast of Passover [36] What event did Passover celebrate? 2. Feast of Unleavened Bread [37] When did the Feast of Unleavened Bread occur? [38] How long did it last? 3. Feast of Weeks (Pentecost) [39] What does Pentecost mean? NT223 Listening Guide 2017 Our Daily Bread Ministries. All Rights Reserved. Lesson 03 4
[40] What is the significance of 50? [41] What did the Feast of Pentecost celebrate? 4. Trumpets [42] What did the Feast of Trumpets observe? [43] How was it observed? 5. Day of Atonement [44] From what noun is the term Yom Kippur derived and what does it mean? [45] What does Yom Kippur celebrate? 6. Feast of Tabernacles [46] How long does the Feast of Tabernacles last? [47] Why was the Feast of Tabernacles referred to as a pilgrim feast? 7. Feast of Dedication [48] What is another name for this feast? [49] What event did it celebrate? NT223 Listening Guide 2017 Our Daily Bread Ministries. All Rights Reserved. Lesson 03 5
8. Feast of Purim [50] What Old Testament book tells the story that is celebrated at the Feast of Purim? III. Archaeological Evidence [51] What is archaeology? [52] What fact must never be forgotten when using archaeology? [53] What does archaeology confirm? A. Biblical Archaeology [54] Why can biblical archaeology not be confined to Palestine? [55] In what way is biblical archaeology specialized within the larger discipline of general archaeology? B. Archaeological Sites [56] What designates a site as being an archaeological site? [57] What caused a tell to come into existence? [58] What are some of the features that attracted people to settle in a place? [59] Briefly describe an occupation cycle. C. Dating of Finds NT223 Listening Guide 2017 Our Daily Bread Ministries. All Rights Reserved. Lesson 03 6
[60] How would you describe the difference between relative and absolute chronology? [61] Which could we use to prove something and which would we be less certain about? [62] What are some features that make pottery the ideal material for relative chronology? D. Archaeological Periods [63] What delineates historical time frames? [64] Why did each archaeological age end and begin at various times in different parts of the biblical world? Reflection Record one new fact or insight you discovered in this lesson. Application The meaning of the Hebrew word Torah refers to God s teaching. God told His people in Deuteronomy 6, These words I am commanding you today will be on your heart and to be careful to do all that it teaches. Do you think most Christian believers today carefully follow all of God s teaching? Think back over the past week and recall how many times you made a decision based on a specific teaching from God s teachings either Old or New Testament. How carefully did you observe God s teachings last week? NT223 Listening Guide 2017 Our Daily Bread Ministries. All Rights Reserved. Lesson 03 7
NT223 Listening Guide 2017 Our Daily Bread Ministries. All Rights Reserved. Lesson 03 8