II sem./ 2 anno - CdL LM 85-bis (Scienze della Formazione Primaria) / A.A. 2017-18 LABORATORIO DI LINGUA INGLESE GRUPPO 3 Prof.ssa Gaia Aragrande gaia.aragrande@unimc.it
Lessons 3 and 4: main topics (grammar) 15/03/2018 past simple and past continuous (2A, 2B, 2C) time sequencers 16/03/2018 Future: to be going to (3A); present continuous (3C); Quantifiers and relative clauses (5C)
PAST SIMPLE regular verbs: past simple ends in -ed: I work in a travel agency now. Before that I worked in a department store. We invited them to our party, but they decided not to come. The police stopped me on my way home last night. Laura passed her exam because she studied very hard. There are a lot of irregular verbs in English!
PAST SIMPLE: spelling rules of regular verbs
PAST SIMPLE: Irregular verbs Irregular verbs that are frequently used (and you want to remember!): write wrote, come came, see saw, take took, Go went, spend spent, know knew, think thought, begin begun. Verb to be: verb to have: I was You were it/she/he was We were You were They were I had you had it/she/he had We had You had They had Exercises: p. 12, n. 2 p. 13 n.4
PAST SIMPLE: Irregular verbs
PAST SIMPLE Habits in the past Affirmative Something that happened at a precise moment in the past I enjoyed the movie last night. E.g. Mozart was Austrian. I had cereals for breakfast. Yesterday I went to Rome. Negative I did not enjoy the movie last night. Interrogative Did you enjoy the movie last night?
PAST CONTINUOUS FORM [simple past TO BE + present participle] Affirmative You were watching TV. Interrogative Were you watching TV? Negative You were not watching TV. The action or situation had already started before this time, but had not finished: E.g. Yesterday Karen and Jim played tennis. They started at 10 o'clock and finished at 11.30. So, at 10.30 they were playing tennis.
PAST CONTINUOUS To talk about an action that was in progress in a specific moment in the past. To describe an activity that was unfinished and interrupted by another action in the past. To talk about an action in the past that was temporary. To talk about two actions that were in progress at the same time in the past. I was having a cup of tea and she was having a coffee I was reading a book, when the phone rang. She was touring around Europe in those days. While I was cooking dinner, my cat was looking outside the window.
Past CONTINUOUS vs. Past SIMPLE Past CONTINUOUS Past SIMPLE Not finished/interrupted actions in the past Past things in general Contemporaneity habitual/routine actions in the past In the middle of an action Completed past actions Long continuous action Short (defined) action To be = auxiliary Did = Auxiliary In combination: to say that something happened in the middle of something else
Past CONTINUOUS vs. Past SIMPLE Listening p. 13 Speaking p. 13 Listening p. 15 Speaking p. 15
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME AT We use at for clock times: What time are you leaving for Germany? ~ I shall try to leave at three o' clock. ON We use on for days, dates and times like Sunday evening or Saturday morning: Can we do it on Thursday? ~ No, not on Thursday. I'm in Leeds all day on Thursday. My birthday is on 26th December and then Mark arrives on 27th December. (Note that we say on the 27th of December) I usually do my homework on Sunday evening; on Saturday morning I'm normally at the gym.
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME IN We use in for centuries, years, seasons, months, weeks, and for time phrases such as in the afternoon, or in the evening: In the 17th century, 200,000 people were executed in America for practising witchcraft. Brazil first won the World Cup in 1958 and then again in 1962, but in 1966 it was England's turn. I prefer to take my holidays in (the) spring and autumn and work in summer when everybody else is on holiday. I've got my final exams in May. When in May? In the final week of May. I work best in the morning. I'll work again in the evening if I have to, but I prefer to relax in the afternoon. (But note we say at night, at the weekend, at Christmas, at Easter)
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME ON TIME means that there is a specific time established when something is supposed/expected to happen, and it is happening at the planned time. My job interview is scheduled for 4:00 PM. - If I arrive at 4:00 PM, I am on time for the interview. The flight is scheduled to leave at 10:30 AM. - If it leaves at 10:30 AM, the flight is leaving on time. The class is supposed to start at 9:00. - If it does start at 9:00 with no delays, it is starting on time. If you say He s always on time it means he is punctual; he always arrives at the correct time, he is not late. If you say He s never on time it means he is always late.
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME IN TIME means that something happened at the last moment before it was too late; before something bad would happen. The accident victim was seriously injured; they got him to the hospital just in time. - If they hadn t arrived at the hospital, he might have died I missed the opportunity to go to that college because I didn t submit my application in time. I left home early and arrived in plenty of time to catch my flight. I got stuck in traffic and arrived just in time to catch my flight. We often say just in time to emphasize that something happened immediately before the limit/deadline
EXERCISES Vocabulary: p. 14 n. 3 Grammar: p. 16 n. 1 (a, b, c, e) Speaking and listening: p. 17
Lessons 3 and 4: main topics (grammar) 15/03/2018 past simple and past continuous (2A, 2B, 2C) introduction to present perfect time sequencers 16/03/2018 Future: to be going to (3A); present continuous (3C); Quantifiers and relative clauses (5C)
FUTURE: TO BE GOING TO Intentions and plans: I am going to do something= I have already decided to do it, I intend to do it: I am going to learn English Predictions In the past: I was going to eat, But I was not hungry.
FUTURE: TO BE GOING TO Let s listen and decide for Plans or Predictions
FUTURE: PRESENT CONTINUOUS for actions just before you begin to do them, especially with verbs of movement (go/come/leave etc.): I'm tired. I'm going to bed now. Good night. (not I go to bed now) 'Jess, are you ready yet?' 'Yes, I'm coming.' (not I come)
FUTURE: PRESENT CONTINUOUS We use I am doing (present continuous) when we say what we have arranged to do- for example, arranged to meet somebody, arranged to go somewhere: What time are you meeting Ann this evening? I am going to do something= I've decided to do it (but perhaps not arranged to do it): Your shoes are dirty.' I Yes, I know. I'm going to clean them., (=I've decided to clean them, but I haven't arranged to clean them) Often the difference is very small and either form is possible.
RELATIVE CLAUSES: who, that
RELATIVE CLAUSES: which, that Remember that in relative clauses we use who/that/which, not he/she/they/it. What= 'the thing(s) that'. What happened was my fault. (=the thing that happened) Everything that happened was my fault. (not Everything what happened)
QUANTIFIERS (5C p. 40)
QUANTIFIERS
QUANTIFIERS: COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
Homework Revise and Check: p. 18-19 Writing: p. 113 Write an email about an informal arrangement USB Stick Grammar Bank: pp. 128 (2A, 2B, 2C) 130 (3A, 3B,3C), 134 (5C).