Unit #3 Pathways Packet

Unit #3 Pathways Packet

Office of Academic Affairs The Pathways Packet contains all of the material needed to be successful during this unit. Completion is REQUIRED in order for you to be granted re-assessment following the test. Failure to complete the Pathways Packet will jeopardize your success not only during this unit but also in this course. The Pathways Packet contains key vocabulary and questions from reading assignments. This material is housed in the course textbook (United States History & Geography: Modern Times), which you can access by visiting Hartnell University s McKim- Batterson Library (DrHartnell.com/library.html). Also included are Essential Questions (EQs), which are the state standards used to design the unit as well as form your initial assessment. Answers for the EQs will come from the notes taken in class as well as the unit summary. These questions will help you contribute to the overall discussion and further your understanding of the unit s major themes. As such, it is VERY important that you visit the weekly schedule on a regular basis so as not to fall behind. If you have any questions, please speak with Dr. Hartnell or any other member of the Hartnell University faculty. Sincerely, John McAllister Schofield Dean of Academic Affairs

Summary Dr. Hartnell s Ka-Boom to Bust Unit picks up in 1914 on the eve of the First World War. America had done quite well for itself in the decades leading up to World War I. Thanks to numerous imperialistic endeavors in Asia, the Pacific, and Latin America, the U.S. earned a coveted seat at the grownup table. The Second Industrial Revolution transformed the once agrarian nation into an industrial powerhouse and President Teddy Roosevelt was quick to flash America s strength worldwide with the Great White Fleet and his Big Stick policy. But, when the world s finest dropped their gloves and started slugging it out in the trenches and mud of Europe, America was faced with its first legitimate international crisis. Defeating Spain in 1898 was small potatoes compared to the daunting task of gearing up for war with Germany and Austria-Hungary. America s success in the Great War, however, sent the nation on a rollercoaster ride for the next two decades. Enthusiastic patriotism following the war resulted in a happy-go-lucky and spendthrift mentality that inevitably saw the bottom drop out with the Stock Market Crash in 1929. Suddenly, the flappers and gangsters of the Roaring Twenties were out of work and living on the streets. America had the rug pulled out from under its feet, and, it seemed, the good times had forever come to an end. 01

Reading Assignment #1 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 7: World War I and Its Aftermath Lesson 1: The U.S. Enters World War I (pp. 184-188) C7,L1 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. militarism: b. nationalism: c. propaganda: d. contraband: C7,L1 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. How did militarism contribute to the beginning of WWI? 2. Why did the majority of Americans sympathize with the Allies even before the U.S. entered the war? 3. What events motivated the U.S. to join the war? 02

Reading Assignment #2 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 7: World War I and Its Aftermath Lesson 2: The Home Front (pp. 189-193) C7,L2 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. victory garden: b. espionage: c. draft: C7,L2 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. What did Congress do to prepare the U.S. economy for war? 2. How were progressive ideals used in preparing the U.S. military for war? 3. What were the contributions of women and African-Americans on the home front during the war? 4. How did government efforts to ensure public support for the war effort lead to restrictions on civil liberties? 03

Reading Assignment #3 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 7: World War I and Its Aftermath Lesson 3: A Bloody Conflict (pp. 194-199) C7,L3 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. convoy: b. armistice: c. Fourteen Points: d. national self-determination: e. reparations: C7,L3 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. How did new technologies increase the number of casualties? 2. Why was the arrival of U.S. troops crucial for Allied victory? 3. How did ideas of national self-determination influence the Treaty of Versailles? Which of Wilson s Fourteen Points wound up in the treaty? 04

Reading Assignment #4 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 7: World War I and Its Aftermath Lesson 4: The War s Impact (pp. 200-203) C7,L4 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. cost of living: b. deport: c. general strike: d. Red Scare: C7,L4 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. What circumstances caused economic and racial unrest in 1919? 2. Why did many Americans come to fear Communists and other radicals after the end of WWI? 3. Do you agree or disagree with A. Mitchell Palmer s efforts to prevent a radical revolution in the U.S. (Be sure to support your answer with examples from the reading.) 05

Reading Assignment #5 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 8: The Jazz Age Lesson 1: The Politics of the 1920s (pp. 208-211) C8,L1 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. supply-side economics: b. cooperative individualism: c. isolationism: C8,L1 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. Describe two major scandals that plagued the Harding Administration. 2. What government policies helped the economy recover from the post-war recession? 3. What initiatives did the U.S. take in the 1920s to help ensure economic stability and peace in Europe? 06

Reading Assignment #6 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 8: The Jazz Age Lesson 2: A Growing Economy (pp. 212-216) C8,L2 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. mass production: b. assembly line: c. Model T: d. disposable income: e. consumer credit: C8,L2 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. How did new industrial innovations such as assembly lines and mass production affect the American worker and consumer? 2. How did changing attitudes about credit affect people s daily lives? 3. How did the growing nationwide availability of radio programs affect Americans sense of their culture? 4. Why did farmers miss out on the prosperity of the 1920s? 07

Reading Assignment #7 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 8: The Jazz Age Lesson 3: A Clash of Values (pp. 217-220) C8,L3 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. nativism: b. anarchist: c. evolution: d. creationism: e. speakeasy: C8,L3 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. How did the Sacco-Vanzetti case exemplify the rise of nativism in the U.S.? 2. How did the National Origins Act help deal with the tensions created by nativism? 3. Why do you think some Americans feared the new morality? 4. What political, social, and economic contributions did women make to American society in the 1920s? 08

Reading Assignment #8 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 8: The Jazz Age Lesson 4: Cultural Innovations (pp. 221-223) C8,L4 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. bohemian: b. mass media: C8,L4 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. Why did many artists, poets, playwrights, and novelists move to Paris in the 1920s? 2. Why did many Americans have more time for entertainment? 3. Why did new national pastimes emerge during the 1920s? What were some of the most popular ways for Americans to spend their leisure time? 4. How is today s mass media similar to that of the 1920s? 09

Reading Assignment #9 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 8: The Jazz Age Lesson 5: African-American Culture and Politics (pp. 224-227) C8,L5 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. Harlem Renaissance: b. jazz: c. blues: d. NAACP: e. Back to Africa Movement: C8,L5 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. What does the Harlem Renaissance reveal about African- American culture during the 1920s? Why did blues emerge as a main musical form of the Harlem Renaissance? 2. What impact did the Great Migration have on African Americans political power? 3. How did African-American leaders differ in their approaches to political actions during the 1920s? 10

Reading Assignment #10 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 9: The Great Depression Begins Lesson 1: The Causes of the Great Depression (pp. 232-236) C9,L1 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. stock market: b. bull market: c. speculation: d. margin: e. margin call: f. bank run: g. installment: C9,L1 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. Using the chart on page #233, what generalization can you make about the variation in highs and lows of the stock market from 1920 to 1932? 2. How did speculation cause the stock market to crash in 1929? 3. What were three existing economic conditions that contributed to the Great Depression? (Review the chart on page #235.) 11

Reading Assignment #11 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 9: The Great Depression Begins Lesson 2: Life During the Great Depression (pp. 237-239) C9,L2 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. bailiff: b. hobo: c. Dust Bowl: d. Okies : e. soap opera: C9,L2 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. What changes to daily life occurred for people affected by the economic hardships of the Great Depression? 2. Why did Okies migrate to California during the Depression? What happened to them once they arrived? 3. How did the Great Depression impact the culture of the 1930s? 12

Reading Assignment #12 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 9: The Great Depression Begins Lesson 3: Hoover s Response to the Depression (pp. 240-243) C9,L3 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. public works: b. relief: c. foreclose: d. Bonus Army : C9,L3 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. What three major initiatives did President Hoover take to help the U.S. economy? 2. Why did citizens try to change government policy during the Great Depression s early years? How did they change it? 3. Between 1931 and 1932, what Federal Government programs and acts were created to promote economic recovery? What was each intended to do? 13

Reading Assignment #13 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 10: Roosevelt and the New Deal Lesson 1: The First New Deal (pp. 248-254) C10,L1 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. polio: b. gold standard: c. bank holiday: d. fireside chats : e. TVA: C10,L1 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. What characteristics did FDR have that made him popular with Americans? 2. Why did FDR broadcast fireside chats? 3. How did the government restore confidence in the banking system? 4. How did New Deal legislation try to stabilize agriculture and industry? 14

Reading Assignment #14 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 10: Roosevelt and the New Deal Lesson 2: The Second New Deal (pp. 255-258) C10,L2 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. deficit spending: b. binding arbitration: c. sit-down strike: C10,L2 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. How did the political left s criticism of the New Deal differ from those of the political right? 2. What happens when the Federal Government starts a policy of deficit spending? 3. What factors encouraged FDR to introduce the Second New Deal? 4. How did the Wagner Act and the Social Security Act affect Americans? 15

Reading Assignment #15 Read the following pages in the course textbook to locate the key vocabulary and answer the questions below. Chapter 10: Roosevelt and the New Deal Lesson 3: The New Deal Coalition (pp. 259-261) C10,L3 KEY READING VOCABULARY: a. court-packing: b. broker state: c. safety net: C10,L3 KEY READING QUESTIONS: 1. Why was the court-packing plan such a mistake for FDR? 2. Which groups were a part of the New Deal coalition? 3. What impact has New Deal legislation had on federal and state governments? 16

Essential Questions (EQs) Using the Guided Notes, class lectures/discussions, and reading assignments, answer the following 20 Essential Questions. The unit test will assess your mastery of each of these EQs. EQ 3.01 Answer these questions about the causes of World War I: A. Militarism How did the arms race between the nations of Europe cause WWI? What new weapons were introduced? B. Imperialism How did overseas expansion and a desire to create empires cause WWI? C. Nationalism How did the love of one s country cause WWI? How did the desire of individual nationalities to create their own country cause WWI? D. Alliances How did the alliance system cause WWI? E. Assassination How did the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand cause WWI? 17

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.02 Explain these key battles/events of World War I: A. First Battle of the Marne Winner? Impact on war? B. First Battle of Ypres Winner? Impact on war? C. The Christmas Truce Impact on war? D. Second Battle of Ypres Winner? Impact on war? E. Gallipoli Campaign Winner? Impact on war? F. Battle of Verdun Winner? Impact on war? G. First Battle of the Somme Winner? Impact on war? H. Battle of the Meuse-Argonne Winner? Impact on war? 18

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.03 Explain these key people of World War I: A. Baron Manfred von Richthofen Which side did he support? For what is he known? B. Kaiser Wilhelm II Which side did he support? For what is he known? C. Archduke Franz Ferdinand Which side did he support? For what is he known? D. Gavrilo Princip Which side did he support? For what is he known? E. President Woodrow Wilson Which side did he support? For what is he known? F. General John J. Pershing Which side did he support? For what is he known? 19

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.04 Explain these key people/events of the Russian Revolution: A. Czar Nicholas II Which side did he support? For what is he known? B. February Revolution When? What happened? Impact on Russian Revolution? C. October Revolution When? What happened? Impact on Russian Revolution? D. Bolshevik Party Which side did this party support? Who led this party? E. Vladimir Lenin Which side did he support? For what is he known? F. Leon Trotsky Which side did he support? For what is he known? 20

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.05 The U.S. did not enter World War I until 1917 and only after 2 key events pushed the nation into the conflict. What were these 2 key events? How did these 2 key events sway U.S. public opinion in favor of the Allies? EQ 3.06 What impact did these items/events have on American society during World War I? A. Propaganda. B. Liberty Bonds. C. Espionage Act. D. Sedition Act. E. Schenck v. United States. 21

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.07 What is the official date listed for the end of World War I? Why was that exact date picked? In the U.S., what national holiday is now celebrated in commemoration of that date? EQ 3.08 Answer these questions about the Treaty of Versailles: A. What countries took part in drafting this treaty? B. What were the 4 key parts of this treaty? C. What were the Fourteen Points? What was the only point that wound up getting included in the Treaty of Versailles? D. Why do historians credit this treaty with helping to start World War II? E. Why didn t the U.S. sign this treaty? What treaty did the U.S. sign instead? 22

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.09 Answer these questions and explain why the title of Roaring is no longer historically accurate when discussing the 1920s. A. Why was the decade not as prosperous as it appeared on the surface? B. Why did the country choose to ignore many of its internal problems following World War I? C. How did the internal problems of the 1920s rise to the surface in later decades? EQ 3.10 What impact did these mass culture items have on revamping the way in which Americans enjoyed their lives during the 1920s? A. Automobiles. B. Advertisements. C. Radio. D. Talkies. E. The Golden Age of Sports. 23

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.11 Answer these questions about key celebrities/entertainers of the Roaring Twenties: A. Al Jolson For what is he known? B. Charlie Chaplin For what is he known? C. Harry Houdini For what is he known? D. Charles Lindbergh For what is he known? E. Amelia Earhart For what is she known? F. F. Scott Fitzgerald For what is he known? EQ 3.12 Answer these questions about the rebellious teenage flappers: A. How did they dress and behave? Why was this scandalous? B. What kind of music did they listen to? C. Give 2 examples of the slang words they used. What did these words mean? 24

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.13 Answer these questions about African-Americans during the 1920s: A. From 1910-1930, 1.6 million African-Americans moved out of the rural South and into the Northeast, Midwest, and West. Why were they so willing to move during this Great Migration? B. What was the Harlem Renaissance? What impact did it have on African-Americans and on U.S. society? C. What was the Jazz Age? Who were some key artists? What impact did it have on the music industry? D. Who was Marcus Garvey? What role did he play in the rise of Black Nationalism in the 1920s? 25

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.14 Answer these questions about key Presidents from the Roaring Twenties: A. President Warren G. Harding For which political party did he serve? For what is he known? B. President Calvin Coolidge For which political party did he serve? For what is he known? C. President Herbert Hoover For which political party did he serve? For what is he known? EQ 3.15 Answer these questions about political conflicts of the 1920s: A. The Red Scare What caused it? What roles did A. Mitchell Palmer and J. Edgar Hoover play? How did the Red Scare of the 1920s plant the seeds for the Red Scare of the 1950s? continues on page #27 > 26

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.15 - continued from previous page B. Sacco & Vanzetti What caused this court case? Who were Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti? What was the court s decision? Why did the verdict spark protest? C. Ku Klux Klan (KKK) Why was there a resurgence of the KKK during the 1920s? Who were some of their new targets? How did this hatred carry over into the KKK of the 1950s? D. Scopes Monkey Trial What caused this court case? Who were John T. Scopes and Clarence Darrow? What was the court s decision? Why was the verdict later overturned? E. Prohibition What made people want Prohibition? Who were the Drys and the Wets? Where did the Prohibition movement begin? What Amendment started Prohibition? What Amendment ended Prohibition? Why do historians consider Prohibition to be a failure? 27

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.16 Answer these questions about the Great Depression: A. When did it start? When did it end? B. What was it? C. How did installment plans, buying on credit, and buying on margin contribute to the Stock Market Crash in 1929? EQ 3.17 Answer these questions about key people/animals of the 1930s: A. President Herbert Hoover For what is he known? B. President Franklin D. Roosevelt For what is he known? C. John Maynard Keynes For what is he known? D. James J. Braddock For what is he known? 28

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.18 Answer these questions about key items/events of the Depression: A. Hoovervilles What were they? Why did they form? B. The Bonus Army What was it? What did this army want? C. Fireside Chats What were they? Why did FDR give them? D. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) What was it? What kind of jobs did the TVA create? E. The Dust Bowl What caused it? What impact did it have on farming in the U.S.? EQ 3.19 A. What are 2 positive effects that FDR s New Deal had on the U.S.? A. What are 2 negative effects that FDR s New Deal had on the U.S.? 29

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.20 Provide a 1 sentence summary for these economic terms: A. Boycott. B. Business Cycle (including: expansion, peak, contraction & trough). C. Capitalism (a.k.a. Free Enterprise & Market Economy). D. Communism. E. Consumer Price Index (CPI). F. Deficit Spending. G. Depression. continues on page #31 > 30

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.20 - continued from previous page H. Embargo (including: civil & hostile). I. Gold Standard (including: Silver Standard & Mixed Metal). J. Gross Domestic Product (GDP). K. Inflation (including deflation). L. Interest Rate. M. Laissez-faire. N. Minimum Wage. continues on page #32 > 31

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.20 - continued from previous page O. Monopoly (including: vertical integration & horizontal consolidation). P. National Debt. Q. Socialism. R. Standard of Living. S. Stock Market (including: stock, Bull Market & Bear Market). T. Strike. continues on page #33 > 32

Essential Questions (EQs) EQ 3.20 - continued from previous page U. Supply & Demand. V. Supply-Side Economics (a.k.a. Trickle-Down Economics). W. Tariff. X. Taxation (including: income tax, sales tax & property tax). Y. Unemployment Rate. There is no letter z. This probably bothers many of you. Good. END OF UNIT #3 EQs 33

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