Curriculum Standards: 7.7.1, 7.7.2 Objectives: - Describe and draw typical animal and plant cells. يطف يسس ا خ ت ا س ا ت ا بات ت - Know that cells are the basic building blocks of organisms and form tissues and organs. ؼشف أ ا خال ا زذة ا ب اء األساس ت د غ ا ىائ اث ا س ت تشى األ سدت األػؼاء - Recognize and know the function of the nucleus, cell membrane, and cytoplasm. ؼشف ظ فت و ا اة,ا غشاء ا خ ي, ا س ت بالص. Cytoplasm Vacuole Chloroplast Tissue Organ KEY WORDS ايس ت بالص ا فد ة ا ؼظاس ت ا بالست ذاث ا خؼشاء ا س ح ا ؼؼ - 1 -
Cells are tiny building blocks that make up all living things. ا خال ا زذاث ا ب اء األساس ت ا ت تى خ غ ا ىائ اث ا س ت A group of similar cells is called a tissue. All the cells in the tissue look the same and do the same job. د ػت ا خال ا ا تشاب ت ا ت تؤدي ظ فت ازذة تس ى ا س ح An organ is made up of different tissues.these work together to do a particular job. ا ؼؼ تى د ػت األ سدت ا خت فت ا ت تؼ ؼا ألداء ظ فت سذدة. Your heart is an organ. It is made up of different tissues that work together to pump blood around your body. ا م ب ؼتبش ػؼ ا ز ج تى أ سدت خت فت تؼ ؼا ػ ى ػخ ا ذ ز ي ا دس. Different organs work together as part of an organ system. د ػت األػؼاء ا ت تؼ ؼا تشى ا د اص Your heart and blood vessels work together as part of your circulatory system. All of your organ systems make up a living organism that is you. أ اع ا خال ا ا خ ت ا بات ت ا خ ت ا س ا ت - 2 -
Each labeled part of the cell has a special job to do: No The Part's Name Function ا ظ فت اس ا دضء 1- Nucleus Controls all the chemical reactions that take ا اة cell. place inside the تسى بى ا تفاػالث ا ى ائ ت ا ت تسذث داخ ا خ ت The nucleus also contains all the information needed to produce a new living organism. تست ي ػ ى خ غ ا ؼ اث ا الص ت إل تاج وائ اث ز ت خذ ذة 2- Cytoplasm Where all the chemical reactions take place. ا س ت بالص ا ىا ا زي تسذث ف خ غ ا تفاػالث ا ى ائ ت 3- Cell membrane Controls what passes in and out of the cell. ا غشاء ا خ ي تسى با اد ا ت تذخ تخشج ا خ ت 4- Cell wall Made of cellulose, which gives a plant cell ا دذاس ا خ ي support. strength and تى ا س ص ا زي ؼط ا خ ت ا بات ت ا م ة ا ذػ 5- Vacuole ا فد اث ا ؼظاس ت Contains a weak solution of salt and sugar called cell sap. The vacuole also gives the cell support. تست ي ػ ى س ي ا ر ا سىش ا زي ؼط ا خ ت ا ذػ 6- Chloroplasts ا بالست ذاث ا خؼشاء Contain a green substance called chlorophyll. This absorbs the sun's energy so that the plant can make its own food during photosynthesis. ست ي ػ ى ادة خؼشاء تس ى ا ى س ف ا ت ت تض أشؼت ا ش س - ساػذة ا باث ػ ى ط غ غزائ ب فس خالي ا ب اء ا ؼ ئ The typical plant cell and animal cell look different from each other. For example, they have different shapes and the nucleus is in a different position. The animal cell has structures that are different to the plant cell as well as having structures in common. The table below summarizes these similarities and differences. تخت ف ا خ ت ا س ا ت ػ ا خ ت ا بات ت ف ا شى لغ ا اة ا دذ ي ا تا خض ا تشاب االختالف ب ا - 3 -
WORKSHEETS Q1- Fill in the blanks by using the words from the box: ا أل ا فشاؽ باستخذا ا ى اث ا ظ ذ ق ػؼorgan,خال ا, cells س ح, tissue خ اصsystem Organ 1- The tiny building blocks that make up all living things are called.. زذاث ا ب اء األساس ت ا ت تى خ غ ا ىائ اث ا س ت تس ى.... 2- A group of similar cells is called a د ػت ا خال ا ا تشاب ت تس ى... 3- A group of different tissues that work together to do a certain job is called د ػت األ سدت ا خت فت ا ت تؼ ؼا ألداء ظ فت سذدة تس ى... 4- A group of organs that work together forms an د ػت األػؼاء ا ت تؼ ؼا تشى... qeqqqqls3 مةو Q2: Determine which of the structures you would find in animal cells or plant cells: زذد أي األخضاء ت اخذ ف ا خ ت ا س ا ت أ ا ف ا خ ت ا بات ت Part of the Cell ا اة Nucleus ا س ت بالص Cytoplasm Animal Cell خ ت ز ا ت Plant Cell خ ت بات ت ا غشاء ا خ ي Cell membrane Cell wall Vacuole ا دذاس ا خ ي ا فد اث ا بالست ذاث ا خؼشاء Chloroplast - 4 -
Q3: Write the name of the cell's part for each of the following اوتب اس خضء ا خ ت ا زي م بى ظ فت ا ظائف ا تا ت functions: خضء ا خ ت The Cell's Part ا ظ فت No. Function 1- Absorbs the sun's energy in plants during photosynthesis. ت تض أشؼت ا ش س ساػذة ا باث ػ ى ط غ غزائ ب فس خالي ا ب اء ا ؼ ئ 2- Controls all chemical reactions that take place inside the cell. تسى بى ا تفاػالث ا ى ائ ت ا ت تسذث داخ ا خ ت 3- Controls what passes in and out of the تسى با اد ا ت تذخ تخشج ا خ ت cell. 4- The place where all chemical reactions ا ىا ا زي تسذث ف خ غ ا تفاػالث ا ى ائ ت happen. Q4: Write the name of each cell and label the parts for each one of اوتب اس ا خ ت زذد األخضاء ى ا them: 3 1 2 PART 1 2 3 A B C D E F NAME This cell is... cell This cell is. cell ز ا خ ت خ ت...... ز ا خ ت خ ت... - 5 -
(ا خال ا ا تخظظت ) Objectives: - Relate the overall structure of some specialized cells to their functions. ا شبؾ ب تشو ب بؼغ ا خال ا ا تخظظت ظ فت ا - palisade cells conduct guard cells xylem key words : ا خال ا ا ؼ اد ت ظذس, شس ا خال ا ا ساسست ا خشب ا خال ا ا تخظظت ا بات ت : cells Specialized plant Xylems are shaped like tubes, to transport water and dissolved minerals up the stem to the leaves. ا خشب شب األ ػ ت م ا اء األ الذ ا زائبت ساق األ ساق Palisade cells have lots of chloroplast They are near the surface of the leaf so they can absorb sunlight for photosynthesis. خال ا ا بالست ذاث تست ي ػ ى ا ىث ش زب باث ا ى س ف لش بت سطر ا سلت ال تظاص ا ؼ ء أخ ػ ت ا ب اء ا ؼ ئ. Lots of chloroplast - 6 -
cells control the size of the stomata Guard allow carbon dioxide into the leaf, and which and water out of the leaf. oxygen are on the underside of the leaf. These stomata guard cells تتسى بسد ا ثغ س ا ت تس ر ثا أوس ذ ا ىشب ا خال ا ا ساسست با ذخ ي سلت ألوسد ا اء با خش ج ا سلت. ز ا خال ا خ دة ػ ى ا سطر ا سف ا سلت. Root hair cells are long and thin, to absorb water and minerals from the soil. خال ا ا دزس ا شؼش ت ؽ ت سف ؼت ال تظاص ا اء ا ؼاد ا تشبت. ا خال ا ا تخظظت ا س ا ت cells: Specialized animal A sperm cell has a tail which enables it to swim towards the egg. ا س ا ا ي ذ ر ؽ ى ا سبازت باتدا ا ب ؼت. Nerve cells are shaped like wires to carry messages around the body. ا خ ت ا ؼظب ت تشب األسالن إلسس ا شسائ ز ي ا دس. Red blood cells have no nucleus, so there is more room for oxygen; they are also biconcave for maximum surface area. خال ا ا ذ ا س شاء ال تست ي ػ ى اة ر ه تشن سازت أوبش ألوسد. - 7 -
Muscle cells can shorten and make a muscle contract to move bones. ا خال ا ا ؼؼ ت تستط غ أ تظبر ألظش أ تدغي ا ؼؼ ت ت مبغ يتسشن ا ؼظا WORKSHEETS Q1: A- Put (True) or (False) and correct the underlined word: ػغ طر أ خطأ طسر ا ى ت ا ت تست ا خؾ 1- Red blood cells have no nucleus. ( ). خال ا ا ذ ا س شاء ال تست ي ػ ى اة 2- Nerve cells absorb water from the soil. ( ). ا خال ا ا ؼظب ت ت تض ا اء ا تشبت 3- Palisade cells allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf. ( ). ا خال ا ا ؼ اد ت تس ر ثا أوس ذ ا ىشب بذخ ي ا خ ت 4- Oxygen is carried throughout the body by guard cells. ( ) تم األوسد خالي ا دس ػ ؽش ك ا خال ا ا ساسست 5-The part of a plant that contains chlorophyll is the stomata. ( ) خضء ا باث ا زي ست ي ػ ى و س ف س ى ا ثغ س - 8 -
Q2: Match between the cell and its features: ط ب ا خ ت و ف ت الئ ت تشو ب ا ظ فت ا ف و ا : Type of animal cell ا خ ت ا س ا ت ا ظفاث ا ضة Specialized feature Red blood cell خال ا ا ذ ا س شاء Nerve cell Like wires to carry electrical messages around the body. ثسس ا شسائ ا ى شبائ ت ست ي ػ ى أ اف ؽ ت ا خ ت ا ؼظب ت Has long mobile tails adapted for swimming ر ؽ ساػذ ػ ى ا سبازت Sperm ا س ا ا ي Muscle cells Able to contract to move bones. لادسة ػ ى ا مباع تسشن ا ؼظا ا خال ا ا ؼؼ ت Type of plant cell Root hair cell (roots) الخاليا الجذرية الشعزية Palisade cells (leaf) خال ا ا بالست ذاث )ا ؼ اد ت ) Guard cells (leaf underside) ا خال ا ا ساسست Adapted to carry oxygen تتى ف س األوسد Specialized features Control the size of stomata تتسى بسد ا ثغ س Large cell surface area Able to absorb water rapidly ا سازت سطر وب شة لادسة ػ ى ا تظاص ا اء بسشػت Rich in chloroplasts for photosynthesis غ ة با بالست ذاث ال تظاص ا ؼ ء - 9 -