David & Dorothy Weiser, z l

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Transcription:

With tremendous gratitude to Hashem Yisborach, we are honored to contribute to the publication of this monumental work, Sha ar HaGilgulim, based upon the teachings of the holy Arizal, translated and annotated by our dear friend, Rabbi Pinchas Winston, shlita. It is especially appropriate to dedicate the translation of this book in loving memory and in honor of our beloved parents Dovid ben Abraham 26 Elul, 5773 Devora Liba bat Zelig 24 Tishrei 5774 David & Dorothy Weiser, z l May their memory be blessed and their souls elevated. May their souls rest in peace and may we be reunited in Techiyas HaMeisim, Moshiach should come speedily in our days. With love from their children, Steven, Glenn, Jonathan, Andrea, their spouses, and all of their grandchildren. From life to death, may seem like ages, Countless stories, to fill countless pages. Yet one lifetime, would still fall quite shy, Many lifetimes, have we lived you and I. This body is not, the first I have had, There may be deep reasons, For why I feel sad. We are here again, To fix something up, Though we go about life, and raise our own cup. Pity the one, Who knows not what we mean, Who goes through life, Quite unaware of what has been. Celebrate all of you, Who know why you re here, When you reach the great end, You ll have little to fear.

egarding the dif- R ference between reincarnation and ibur, there are two kinds of reincarna- tion and two types of ibur. The first [kind of] reincarnation is a single Nefesh entering the body of a person from the day he is born and en- ters the world. The second is that sometimes it is possible that two Ne- fashos will reincarnate together, [enter- ing a body together] also at the time the person is born. This is called a Double Reincarnation, as mentioned in the previous discussion and in other places. These two Nefashos reincarnate together and enter the world at the time of birth in a single body and do not separate until the day of death. The two are called one Nefesh and become one Nefesh, bearing the chapterfive Differences בענין ההפרש שיש, בין הגלגול, לעבור. והם ב' מיני גלגול. וב' מיני עובר. והוא זה, כי הנה בגלגול הא', הוא כניסת נפש אחת בגוף האדם, מיום שנולד ויוצא לאויר העולם. והב' הוא, שלפעמים אפשר שיתגלגלו יחד שתי נפשות, וגם זה בעת שנולד האדם, וזה נקרא גלגול כפול, כמו שנתבאר בדרוש שקדם, ובמקומות אחרים. והנה שתיהם הנפשות מתגלגלות יחד ובאות לעולם, בעת שנולד גוף האדם, ואינם נפרדים כלל עד יום המיתה. ושתיהם נקראות נפש אחת, ונעשות נפש אחד, וסובלות Differences 69

pain and suffering that comes to the body throughout its life, [including] the pain of death. However, ibur does not occur at birth, as explained earlier, and there are two types of ibur. The first is when it comes for the benefit of a righteous person, entering a person to complete something he 1 is missing, as will be ex- plained in its place. The second is when it comes for the sake of the person, to assist him with Torah and mitzvos. When it comes for his own sake then it does not enter the person until he becomes 13 years of age and one day, when he is obligated in Torah and mitzvos. He is also able to rectify him- self through Torah and mitzvos of the person and therefore he does not en- ter before this time, only after he is ob- ligated in mitzvos. Then it enters and spreads throughout the body just as the per- son s Nefesh itself does, and the two of them bear the suffering that comes to the body equally. It remains there until it completes the time established for it to rectify and complete what it re- quires. Then it leaves during his lifetime and returns to its place Above in the Garden of Eden. However, when it is for the sake הצער והיסורין הבאים אל הגוף ההוא כל ימי חייו, וצער המיתה. אמנם העבור אינו באדם ביום שנולד, כמו שנתבאר למעלה. אבל יש בו ב' בחינות: האחת הוא, כאשר בא לצורך עצמו של הצדיק, המתעבר באדם להשתלם באיזה דבר שחסר לו, כמו שיתבאר במקומו. והשנית הוא, כאשר בא לצורך האדם, לעזרו ולסייעו בתורה ובמצות. והנה כאשר בא לצורך עצמו, אינו נכנס באדם עד היות בן י"ג שנה ויום אחד, שאז נתחייב האדם בתורה ובמצות, ויכול הוא לתקן גם את עצמו ע"י מצות האדם, ולכן אינו נכנס קודם זמן הזה, רק אחר שנתחייב במצות, ואז נכנס ומתפשט תוך הגוף ההוא, כדמיון שנתפשטה בו נפש האדם עצמה, ושתיהם סובלים היסורין הבאים על הגוף הזה, בהשואה אחת, ויושבת שם עד מלאת לה זמן קצוב לה, לתקן ולהשלים מה שהיא צריכה, ואז יוצאת בחייו, וחוזרת למקומה העליון בג"ע. אבל כאשר בא לתועלת 1 The righteous person. 70 SHA AR HAGILGULIM

of the person himself, and not for itself, then it comes by choice and not by force. Therefore, it is not forced to bear the pain of this body at all; it does not feel the pain and suffering that comes to him. If he finds the person appropri- ate he will remain with him. If not, he will leave from him, as it says, Leave the tents of these evil people (Bamid- bar 16:26). 2 Two. Multiple Souls Now we will explain that with which we began. 3 The verse says, Pun- ishes the sins of the fathers on the chil- dren for three and four (Shemos 20:5), the explanation being that up to three, old reincarnating Nefashos can reincar- nate together with a new Nefesh in one body, from birth, in a way that they are four souls altogether. This is the sod of [Punishes the sins of the fathers on the children for three and] four [generations], and the sod of, three times with a man (Iyov 33:29); 4 three reincarnating Nefashos are able to reincarnate within one per- son, who is the new Nefesh. However, האדם, ולא לצורך עצמו, הנה הוא בא בבחירת עצמו, ולא בהכרח, ולכן איננו כפוף לסבול צער הגוף הזה כלל, ואיננו מרגיש כלל בצערו וביסורין הבאים עליו, ואם מוצא נחת רוח באדם, הוא יושב שם עמו, ואם לאו הוא יוצא משם והולך לו, ואומר סורו נא מעל אהלי האנשים הרשעים האלה וגו. ועתה נבאר את אשר התחלנו, כי הנה הפסוק אומר פוקד עון אבות על בנים. פירוש: כי עד שלשה נפשות מגולגלות וישנות, עם נפש אחת חדשה, יכולות להתגלגל יחד בגוף אחד, מיום שנולד, באופן שהם ארבעה נפשות יחד. וז"ס על רבעים. גם ז"ס פעמים שלש עם גבר. כי שלשה נפשות מגולגלות, יוכלו להתגלגל עם גבר אחד, הוא הנפש הזה החדש. אבל 2 This verse is from Parashas Korach, just in advance of God punishing those who rebelled against Moshe Rabbeinu; it was a warning to those who did not want to suffer their fate to stand aside. Here it is being used to refer to the ibur of a righteous soul after its host acts unfavorably. 3 In Chapter 4. 4 As mentioned in the previous chapter. Differences 71

more than this is not possible at one time. However, it is possible for there to be less since it is possible for one Ne- fesh to reincarnate alone in a single body, or a reincarnating Nefesh with a single new Nefesh in the same body. Or, two reincarnating Nefashos [can come] with one new one, or three reincarnat- ing Nefashos [can come] alone. Or, three reincarnating [Nefashos can come] with one new one, but more than this amount cannot enter a single body, as mentioned. Know that the [Nefashos] that reincarnate in a single body, as men- tioned, only do so when they all latch on to the same root, b sod redeem the sold property of his brother (Vayikra 25:25). 5 And, even though the new reincarnation has not committed the sins of the other reincarnating souls, nevertheless, if it is from a level more internal 6 than the rest of them, for ex- ample, it is from the level of the ten- dons 7 in the limb of Adam HaRishon, and they are from the levels of the flesh, which is [spiritually] lesser than the tendons, the new one needs to cleanse the blemish and filth that re- יותר מזה, אי אפשר להתגלגל ביחד. אמנם אפשר להיות פחות מחשבון זה, כי אפשר להיות שתתגלגל נפש אחת לבדה בגוף אחד, או נפש אחת מגולגלת, עם נפש אחת חדשה בגוף אחד, או שתי נפשות מגולגלות עם חדשה אחת, או שלשה מגולגלות לבדם, או שלשה מגולגלות עם חדשה אחת. אבל יותר מחשבון זה, אי אפשר להכנס בגוף אחד כנזכר. ודע, כי אלו המתגלגלים יחד בגוף אחד כנזכר, אינו נוהג אלא בזמן שכלם הם נאחזים בשרש אחד, בסוד וגאל את ממכר אחיו. ואע"פ שזה המגולגל החדש, לא חטא באיזה חטא של המגולגלים אחרים, עכ"ז אם הוא מבחינת הפנימית יותר מכולם, כמו אם הוא מבחינת הגידים שבאבר ההוא של אדה"ר, והם מבחי' הבשר שהוא גרוע מהגידים, צריך זה החדש לנקות הפגם והעפוש 5 This is a law of yibum, but it is being used to describe souls of the same soul root. 6 That is, on a spiritually higher level. 7 In the spiritual structure of Adam HaRishon. 72 SHA AR HAGILGULIM

sulted from the earlier sins, in order for life to flow to this root. On the level of ibur it is also pos- sible to become an ibur in a person in this way. Up to three Nefashos can rein- carnate and come to help the Nefesh of this person itself. With him they are four, but [there can] not [be] more than this, though less than this is possi- ble. Those which come b sod an actual reincarnation, however, all come for their own needs, to rectify what they distorted or to complete some mitzvah that they are missing. Three. Order of Ibur I will inform you of the matter of the order of ibur in more breadth, and with an analogy you will see for your- self that this person now reincarnating in this body to rectify himself has 10 other Nefashos higher than him in his root. If this person merits it then the tenth lowest Nefesh will become an ibur in him. It is the lowest of all the 10 but higher than him, and can therefore help and assist him to become rectified. If he merits more then the ninth Nefesh will be an ibur in him; if more, the eighth Nefesh will be an ibur in him. Three Nefashos will be in him b ibur, and with him there will be four. It is not possible for more to be an ibur in him. שנעשה מחמת עונות הראשונים, כדי שימשך החיות אל כל השרש ההוא. והנה גם בבחי' העבור עד"ז אפשר שיתעברו באדם, ויתגלגלו בו רק שלשה נפשות הבאות לסייע הנפש ההיא עצמה של האדם הזה, אשר עמו הם ארבעה, אבל לא יותר מזה. אבל פחות אפשר להיות. ואמנם אותם הבאות בסוד גלגול ממש, כלם באות לצורך עצמם, לתקן את אשר עוית, או להשלים איזה מצוה שחסר להם. ואודיעך ענין סדר העבור יותר בהרחבה, ונמשיל משל אחד, ונאמר, הגע עצמך, שזה האדם המתגלגל עתה בגוף הזה לתקן עצמו, יש בשרשו עשרה נפשות אחרות עליונות ממנו, והנה אם יזכה האדם הזה, יתעבר בו נפש העשירית, התחתונה מכל העשרה, והוא עליון ממנו עצמו, ולכן עוזרו ומסייעו להתקן. ואם יזכה יותר, יתעבר בו נפש התשיעית. ואם יזכה יותר, יתעבר בו גם נפש השמינית. והרי נתעברו בו שלשה נפשות, ועמו הם ארבעה. ואי אפשר להתעבר בו יותר מזה. Differences 73

However, if he merits more then the seventh Nefesh will also be an ibur in him, and the light of the tenth Nefesh will be eliminated in this ibur among the light of the three iburim higher than it. 8 In this manner it continues until the three highest Nefashos of the ten are an ibur in him, the first, second, and third. These three will reveal their light for the one they are helping while the light of the other seven is eliminated. Relative to the light of the three upper Nefashos they are considered as if they do not exist, to the extent that it is im- possible to be revealed b sod ibur, only the three Nefashos alone, and with the Nefesh of the person himself they are four. More than this is not possible, as mentioned. The verse says, all these God does, three times with a man, 9 the ex- planation is that in the first three rein- carnations, the Nefesh of a person rein- carnates by itself, without the partner- ship of another [Nefesh] inside the body. However, if it is still not rectified after these three times, then it must come back a second [set of] three times, though it does not come alone since it lacks the ability to rectify. 10 אבל אם יזכה יותר, יתעבר בו גם הנפש השביעית, ואז נפש העשירית, יתבטל הארתה בעבור ההוא, בתוך הארת שלשה עבורים העליונים ממנה. וכן עד"ז הולך הענין ונמשך, עד שנמצא שאפשר שיתעברו בו שלשה נפשות גבוהות מכל העשרה, והם הא', והב', והג', ואלו השלשה תתגלה הארתם בעבור ההוא יעזרו, ושאר השבעה אחרים תתבטל הארתם שם. מכח הארתם של השלשה עליונים, ויחשבו כאלו אינם. באופן כי אי אפשר להתגלות בסוד עבור, רק שלשה נפשות בלבד, ועם נפש האדם עצמו, הם ארבעה, אבל יותר מזה אי אפשר כנזכר. הנה הכתוב אומר, הן כל אלה יפעל אל פעמים שלש עם גבר. פירוש, כי בג' הגלגולים הראשונים, אז מתגלגל נפש האדם לבדה, בלי שתוף זולתה, תוך הגוף. אבל אם עדיין לא נתקנה בשלשתם, ותצטרך לחזור עוד בג' הגלגולים שניים, אינה באה לבדה, כיון שאין בה כח לתקן, 8 Since there can only be four Nefashos in the body at one time. 9 Iyov 33:29; see the previous chapter. 10 The first three times the soul is in the body it can rectify itself. However, should it fail to do so, then it proved its inability to rectify itself and thus requires an ibur to assist it to become rectified. 74 SHA AR HAGILGULIM

Therefore, it comes in partnership with a person; a righteous person be- comes an ibur in him to help and direct him for the good. Hence, it does not say three times, which would seem to refer to the first three times, but rather, twice three, to indicate a sec- ond time which includes a second [set of] three reincarnations. Then he will have someone else as a partner with him, as mentioned. Four. Single Soul, Many Parts An intriguing concept is explained in Sabba of Mishpatim concerning someone who has reincarnated many times, regarding in which body he will resurrect. Know that it has already been explained, 11 what is written in the In- troduction to the Tikunim 12 regarding the verse, like a bird that wanders from its nest (Mishlei 27:8), and likewise, what is written in the Zohar, Parashas Pekuday 13 regarding the matter of the Shechinah, how it is exiled in the Klipos until its feet reach the feet [of the Kli- pos]. 14 ולכן באה בשתוף גבר שהוא צדיק אחד המתעבר בו, כדי לסייעו ולהדריכו למוטב. ולכן לא אמר שלש פעמים, שהיה נראה שהוא בשלשה פעמים הראשונות, אמנם אמר פעמים שלש, להורות כי בפעם השניה הכוללת שלשה גלגולים שניים, אז הוא עם גבר זולתו משותף עמו כנזכר. ענין מתמיה שבאר הסבא דמשפטים, בענין המגולגל בכמה פעמים, באיזה גוף מהם יקום בזמן התחיה. דע, כי הלא נתבאר אצלינו מ"ש בהקדמת התיקונים, על פסוק כצפור נודדת מקנה וגו. וכן מ"ש בזוהר פרשת פקודי בענין השכינה, איך גלתה בקליפות, עד דמטאת רגלין ברגלין וכו'. 11 In Chapter 3. 12 Sefer Tikunei HaZohar, Tikun 6, 21b. 13 Zohar, Pekuday 258a. 14 The Divine Presence descends until its legs teach the legs of the Klipos in order to separate out the Holy Sparks that are there, after which Moshiach comes (Metok Midvash). Differences 75

It was mentioned how souls of the righteous are also exiled in the Kli- pos with the Shechinah. However, in earlier times, the souls that were exiled with it were the level of those sparks and sections from the level of the Shechinah in exile at that time, and similarly in subsequent gen- eration. 15 Now, in these later genera- tions, the Shechinah has already de- scended until the legs, and likewise the souls of these generations are from the level of the legs. Since in the beginning all the souls were exiled with the Shechinah, therefore the earlier and elevated souls that have already as- cended and have been rectified de- scend to direct and straighten the low- er souls in order to guide the lower souls, in order to rectify them. Thus every soul has many parts and sparks, and all of the parts are named according to the name of a sin- gle soul. 16 Likewise, regarding all souls, when the time comes for resurrection, every body will take its section of the soul, according to its portion of time that it had been on a particular level. ואמרנו, איך גם נשמות הצדיקים גלו בתוך הקליפות עם השכינה. ואמנם בזמנים הקדמונים, היו הנשמות ההם הגולים עמה, בחי' אותם הניצוצים והחלקים אשר הם מבחי' מדרגה, ששם עומדת השכינה בגלות בזמן ההוא, ועד"ז בכל דור ודור. ואמנם עתה בדורות אחרונים אלו, כבר השכינה ירדה עד רגלין, וגם הנשמות שבדורות אלו, הם מבחינת הרגלים. ולפי שבתחילה גלו כל הנשמות כולם שם עם השכינה, לכן עתה אותם הנשמות הראשונות העליונות, שכבר עלו ונתקנו, אז הם יורדות להדריך ולהיישיר את אלו הנשמות השפלות, כדי שיתוקנו. ונמצא כי כמה חלקים ונצוצות יש בכל נשמה ונשמה, וכל החלקים ההם נקראים בשם נשמה אחת, וכן הענין בכל נשמה ונשמה, וכאשר יהיה זמן התחיה, כל גוף וגוף יקח חלקו של נשמתו, כפי חלק הזמן שלו באיזו מדרגה היתה. 15 As history continued, the Shechinah descended deeper into the Klipos, and therefore, the righteous souls that are exiled with it are also on lower levels. 16 Since they all belong to a single soul, they share the name of that soul. 76 SHA AR HAGILGULIM

Five. Soul Exchange Sometimes it can happen that, even though a person has a single pure and elevated Nefesh, he will come to anger and it will leave him and be re- placed by a lesser one. Or, he may be- come unwell from a great illness, and his Nefesh will be exchanged for anoth- er Nefesh. Or, he may become epileptic, and his Nefesh will be replaced and go to another person, while another Ne- fesh enters him. This is the sod of, A righteous person all of his life, only to become evil in the end (Brochos 29a). 17 Or, just the opposite. 18 Since it is this way, it is possible to infer from this something else, which is: If until now a certain woman was set aside for him, since his Nefesh was switched with another person, this [other] person will take her. 19 Six. Soul Elevation of Sparks Know that the Nefesh, Ruach, or Neshamah of a person has the ability to gather its sparks immersed in the depths of the Klipos, and elevate them הנה לפעמים יארע, כי אע"פ שיהיה באדם אחת נפש אחת טהורה ועליונה, יבוא איזה פעם לידי כעס, ואז תצא ממנו, ותכנס במקומה נפש אחרת גרועה, או ג"כ יחלה האדם איזה חולי גדול, ואז תתחלף נפשו בנפש אחרת, או יארע לו חולי הנופל והנכפה, ותתחלף נפשו ותלך באיש אחר, ותכנס בו נפש אחרת. וז"ס צדיק כל ימיו, ובסוף הרשיע. או להפך. וכיון שהדבר כך, אפשר ג"כ שימשך מזה עוד דבר אחר, והוא, כי אם עד עתה היתה מזומנת אל האיש הזה איזו אשה בת זוגו, כיון שנתחלפה נפשו ונתנה לאיש אחר, אותו איש אחר יקחנה. דע, כי יש יכולת ביד נפש האדם, או רוחו, או נשמתו, ללקט נצוצותיהם המוטבעות בעמקי הקליפות, ולהעלותם This refers to someone who, at the end of his life, turns away from God and becomes a heretic. However, on 17 a Sod level, it is being used to refer to someone who had a higher level soul and then lost it because of some form of negative behavior. 18 He can become righteous towards the end of his life. 19 Soul mates means that the souls are mates, so if a person s soul goes elsewhere, so may his soul mate. Differences 77

from there. They will become rectified because of [the Nefesh, Ruach of Ne- shamah], in a similar way to what has been explained regarding the reason for the deaths of the Ten Martyrs; see there. 20 Know that there is a difference between someone who reincarnates because of the rest of the sins, or be- cause he has no children and did not perform the mitzvah of procreation. Someone who reincarnates for not procreating, even if he is like Shimon ben Azzai 21 who did not need to rein- carnate to have children, when he rein- carnates in a body at birth for his [own] need or to rectify another blemish, or he comes to help others and likewise if he comes b sod ibur during a lifetime, as it is known, it will not be possible to return alone, but in partnership with another. Since he is half a body he can- not come alone. 22 It is possible that this is also called a double reincarnation, as mentioned in earlier discussions. This reincarnation is משם, ויתוקנו על ידו, כדוגמת מה שנתבאר אצלינו, בענין טעם הריגת עשרה הרוגי מלכות, ועיין שם. דע כי יש חלוק בין המתגלגל לסיבת תקון שאר עבירות, למתגלגל לסיבת שלא היו לו בנים, ולא קיים מצות פריה ורביה. כי המתגלגל לסיבת בטול פריה ורביה, אע"פ שיהיה כשמעון בן עזאי שלא הוצרך להתגלגל על בנים, עכ"ז כשיתגלגל איזה פעם באיזה גוף בעת שנולד, לסבת צרכו לתקן איזו פגם אחר, או שבא להועיל לאחרים, וכן אם יבא בסוד העבור בחיים כנודע, הנה אי אפשר לו לבא יחידי, אלא משותף עם אחר, לפי שהוא פלגא דגופא, ואינו יכול לבוא יחידי. ואפשר כי זה ג"כ נקרא גלגול כפול, כנז"ל בדרושים הקודמים. וזהו המתגלגל 20 Aitz Chaim, Chelek 2, Sha ar M N v M D, Ch. 1. This is talking about the 10 rabbis, including Rebi Akiva, who were martyred by the Romans as mentioned in the repetition of the Mussaf Service of Yom Kippur, and the Kinos of Tisha B Av. The Arizal explains that this was a period during which all of the conventional means for elevating Holy Sparks and furthering the cause of Creation had broken down. This necessitated the death of these great rabbis to allow their souls, after death, to continue elevating Holy Sparks in order to allow Creation to continue to exist. 21 He had betrothed Rebi Akiva s daughter but never completed the marriage in order to devote his life to learn - ing Torah, with the blessing of the daughter (Kesuvos 63a). 22 This was discussed earlier in the section about Yibum in Chapter 2. 78 SHA AR HAGILGULIM

not by way of yibum, it seems to me, in the humble opinion of Chaim. Differences 79.םייח ד"עלנכ,םובי י"ע אלש

80 SHA AR HAGILGULIM