Wayne E. Sirmon HI 103 World History

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Wayne E. Sirmon HI 103 World History

History 103 World History to 1500 November 17 On-line Quiz Chapter 12 November 21-25 Thanksgiving Holiday November 30 On-line Quiz Chapter 13 December 1 Article 4 approval (ch. 12-14) Lecture December 1941 Craig Shirley Ram Hall 7 pm December 6 Article Review 4 Due December 8 On-Line Quiz Chapter 14 December 15 Final Exam (ch. 12-14)

History 103 World History to 1500 Thursday December 1 7:00 pm Ram Hall Books Reagan's Revolution: The Untold Story of the Campaign That Started It All (2005) Rendezvous with Destiny: Ronald Reagan and the Campaign That Changed America (2009) December 1941: 31 Days That Changed America and Saved the World (2011) Last Act: The Final Years and Emerging Legacy of Ronald Reagan (2015) Reagan Rising: The Decisive Years, 1976-1980 (2017) Citizen Newt: The Making of a Reagan Conservative (2017)

Agricultural Innovations Europe s dirt Heavy-wheeled plow Shared work = villages

Agricultural Innovations Horsepower: replaces oxen 50% faster longer workday eat oats, not just grass collar 4-5 times heaver load shoe greater traction when wet

Agricultural Innovations Three-Field System Older method was 2 field rotation WHEAT / FALLOW Field 1: Wheat and Rye Field 2: Barley, Oats, Peas & Beans Field 3: fallow / pasture

Peasant Life Traces of latifundia Slaves = Slavs heavy plow = farming becomes men s work

Manorialism economic organization Feudalism lay (and clerical) elite

Feudalism lay (and clerical) elite Top 5%

Manorialism economic organization Serfs = servus slave a slave that could not be sold Peasants = Freeman (10%) Villeins (in the

Manorialism economic organization

Pepin II Herstal the middle Charles Martel the hammer Pippin III the short Charlemagne the great Pippin of Italy the musical

Carolingian Minuscule Faster to read & write Required fewer pages Carolingian Renaissance Scholars The 7 liberal arts All bishops & monasteries to establish schools

The end of an Empire A hint of Modern Europe

Viking siege of Paris 885-6 700 ships & 30,000 men Charles the Fat Viking raids on Seine River since 820. Paid 5,000 livres by Charles the Bald in 876 Rollo given Normandy by Charles the Simple to keep out (really) bad Vikings 912

Commercial Expansion Mediterranean Baltic Overland

Rebirth of Urban Life Shift from Administrative/bishops To Trading centers

Banking Money Changers Transfers (checking) Loans Partnerships Business Practices Accounting Insurance

Usury Nicaea (325) > 12% apr Lateran III (1179) = 0% Jewish lenders

The Norman Conquest (1066) The creation of England as we know it.

Battle of Hastings Harold Hardrada and Tostig (Bro. of Harold) defeated at Battle of Stamford Bridge. Harold returns to south the defend against William the bastard/conqueror

Battle of Hastings Norman archers not effective. English shieldwall holds against infantry and cavalry. Normand left breaks and runs. English loose disciple and pursue. William and knights counter-attack with success. Orders archers to fire indirect over shieldwall. Harold hit in eye, William charges through line and Harold is killed.

Cultural developments England Magna Carta 1215 (1216, 1217, 1225, 1297)

England and Parliament (conversation) Henry III (young son of John I) Meetings with Great Council (barons and clergy) 1341 House of Lords / Commons

France King Philip IV (the Fair) Finance war with England by confiscating Jewish property tax the Church (Pope Bontiface not happy ) have Pope Clement declare Knights Templar heretics Estates General approve actions of king

The Avignon Papacy 1309-1377 Pope Clement V (7 Popes all French) Followed by Great Western Schism 2 anti-popes (1378-1423)

Investiture Controversy Lords select Bishops or Popes select Kings Compromise weakened concept of divine right of kings

The Sacraments of the Church Sacraments of Christian initiation Baptism Confirmation Eucharist Sacraments of healing Penance and Reconciliation Anointing of the Sick/Extreme Unction Sacraments at the service of communion Holy Orders Matrimony

A Conflict of Traditions Participation in Rituals gains access to Grace of God as an antidote to sin or Outward and institutional Salvation by faith and love emphasizing an inward and personal belief Inward and personal Theologians struggled to define where orthodoxy ended and heresy began

Spiritual Approaches to Knowledge Worship (Veneration) of Mary The feminine nature of God Women s Spirituality Mystical visions

Monastic and Cathedral Schools Masters lecture Wandering scholars (teachers and students)

University Life Colleges provided meals, housing and libraries Students minor church orders Town and Gown

Church Architecture From Romanesque to Gothic

Next Up Chapter 13: Byzantine Empire

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