Chronology of the Old Testament P R E H I S T 0 R Y The Creation Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden Cain and Abel Noah and the Flood The Tower of Babel 2200 Abraham 2166-1991 Isaac 2066-1886 Jacob and Esau 2006-1859 Joseph 1915-1805 1900 Migration of the sons of Jacob with their families to Egypt: 1875 The Israelites are enslaved in Egypt: 1580 Birth of Moses: 1526 Departure of the Israelites from Egypt: 1446 Wandering in the wilderness: 1446-1406 1400 Entry into Canaan: 1406 Conquest of Canaan: 1406-1375 Death of Joshua: 1390 at 110 years old Beginning of the period of the Judges: 1375
1100 Saul s reign 1050-1010 David s reign 1010-970 Solomon s reign 970-931 The divided kingdom Judah (south) Prophets Israel (North) South North 950 900 Rehoboam (931-914 ) Abijah (914-911 ) Asa (911-870 ) Jeroboam I (931-910 ) Nadab (910-909 ) Baasha (909-886 ) Elah (886-885 ) Zimri (885 ) Omri (885-874 ) Jehoshaphat (870-845 ) Elijah 875-848 Ahab (874-853 ) Ahaziah (853-852 ) 850 Jehoram (848-841 ) Elisha 848-797 Jehoram (852-841 ) Ahaziah (841 ) Athaliah (841-835 ) Jehu (841-814 ) Joash (835-796 ) Joel? Jehoahaz (814-798 ) 800 Amaziah (796-781 ) Uzziah (781-740 ) Isaiah 740-681 Jonah 785-750 Amos 760-750 Hosea 755-715 Jehoash (798-782 ) Jeroboam II (782-753 )
750 Jotham (740-732 ) Ahaz (732-716 ) Micah 742-687 Joel? Zechariah (753-752 ) Shallum (752 ) Menahem (752-742 ) Pekahiah (742-740 ) Pekah (740-732 ) Hoshea (732-723 ) Hezekiah (716-687 ) Fall of Samaria 722 Last Years of the Kingdom of Judah Kings Prophets 700 Manasseh (687-642 ) Nahum (663-612 ) 650 Ammon (642-640 ) Josiah (640-609 ) Jehoahaz (609 ) Jehoiakim (609-598 ) Zephaniah (640-621 ) Jeremiah (626-585) Habakkuk (610-597 ) Obadiah (605-583 ) Daniel (605-536 ) 600 550 Jehoiachin (598 ) Zedekiah (598-587 ) Fall of Jerusalem (July 587 or 586 ) Inhabitants of Judah taken to Babylon - 587-586 Beginning of Persian rule 539 Cyrus the Persian emperor ordered the return of the Jews 538 (1 st return of the exiles). Beginning of the rebuilding of the temple 520 ; conclusion 516 2 nd return to Jerusalem (Ezra) 458 Rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem 445 (3 rd return: Nehemiah) Ezekiel (592-571 ) Haggai and Zechariah (520-480 ) Malachi (450-400 )
Chronology of the Intertestamental period 400 Alexander the Great rules Palestine; Macedonian dominion 333-323 Dominion of the Ptolemies on Palestine 323-198 200 Dominion of the Seleucids on Palestine 198-167. Revolt of Judah Maccabee and dominion of Judas family and his descendants, the Hasmonean on Palestine 167-63. Conquest of Jerusalem by Pompey, Roman general, annexing Palestine to the Roman Empire 63. Reign of Herod the Great, on Palestine, appointed by Rome 37-4. Chronology of the New Testament The chronological references in the New Testament may be given only as approximate, both to the references to the life of Jesus as the period of the apostles. Regarding the birth of Jesus (6 ), for example, one can only say, based on Matthew 2: 1 (Luke 1: 5), that it occurred during the reign of Herod the Great, who died in 4, while His crucifixion occurred during a Passover celebration in the government of Pontius Pilate (26-30 ). Regarding the time of the apostles, one can specify with any certainty the year of the death of Herod Agrippa I as being in 46 (Acts 12: 20-23), while the remaining dates are approximated. The life of Jesus Date Roman Emperors Governors and kings of Judea 1 Augustus (29-14 Herod the Great (37 - ) 4 ) Archelaus (4-6 ) Events of the New Testament Birth of Jesus (6 ) Tiberius (14-37 ) Pontius Pilate (26-36 ) was governor of Judea and Herod Antipas, the Tetrarch of Galilee (6-41 ) Beginning of Jesus Ministry 28 Death and Resurrection of Jesus 30
30 40 50 60 The period of the apostles Caligula (Gaius) 37-41 Claudius 41-54 Herod Agrippa I 41-46 (nephew of Herod Antipas and father of Agrippa, Bernice and Drusilla, who married Festus) Nero 54-68 Sergius Paulus, proconsul 50 Felix 52-60 Porcius Festus 60-62 Day of Pentecost 30 Conversion of Paul 35 Start of the Ministry of Paul (45 ) Death of James son of Zebedee (44 ) Death of Herod Agrippa I 44 Famine in the days of Claudius 46 First missionary journey of Paul 46-48 Edict of Claudius 49 or 50 * Conference in Jerusalem 50-51 Paul s second missionary journey 50-53 Paul in Corinth 50-52 Paul s third missionary journey 53-57 Paul in Ephesus 54-57 Paul arrested in Jerusalem 58 Paul in prison in Caesarea 58-60 Paul in prison in Rome 61-63 Death of Paul in Rome 63 Death of Peter in Rome 65-68? 70 Galba 68-69 Otto 69 Vitellius 69 Vespasian 69-79 Titus 79-81 Destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple 70
Domitian 81-96 Nerva 96-98 Trajan 98-117 Death of John 98 or 100? * Edict of Claudius 49 or 50 = Jews were expelled from Rome