TEACHERS RESOURCE PACK FOR ISLAMIYAT CLASS 5 Compiled by: Muhammad Aleemuddin Khan Coordinator Islamiyat (Southern Region) Page 1
Contents Serial # Topic Page # 1 Ayat-ul-Kursi 3 2 Surah Al-Fil 4 3 Selected Verses from the Quran 5 4 Dua-e-Qunoot 10 5 Dua of Travelling 10 6 Dua of Entering the Mosque 11 7 Dua of Leaving the Mosque 11 8 Cleanliness 12 9 Hazrat Salman Farsi (R.A) 15 10 Importance of the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) 16 Page 2
AYAT-UL-KURSI Allah! There is no god but He - the Living, the Self-Subsisting, Eternal. No slumber can seize Him nor sleep. His are all things in the heavens and on earth. Who is there can intercede in His presence except as He permits? He knows what is before or after or behind them. Nor shall they compass any of His knowledge except as He wills. His throne extends over the heavens and the earth, and He feels no fatigue in guarding and preserving them, For He is the Most High, the Supreme. Main Teachings: Ayat-ul-Kursi is an excellent explanation of the belief in Oneness of Allah. It elaborates various attributes of Allah that make Him matchless. Allah is free from all weaknesses and limitations. He has perfect knowledge of all times. He is not dependent on anyone for His survival. His authority and His rule encompass the entire universe. This verse asserts Allah's greatness, pride, and grace, and that no one dares to intercede with Him on behalf of anyone else, except by His permission. Allah s attributes described in Ayat-ul-Kursi make Him not only unique, but also elevates Him to the heights we just can't imagine. The objective of this verse is to remind Muslims that Allah alone is to be worshipped and no other power or authority can be compared with Him. Page 3
SURAH AL-FIL Have you not considered, [O Muhammad], how your Lord dealt with the people of the elephant? Did He not make their plan into misguidance? And He sent against them birds in flocks, striking them with stones of hard clay, And He made them like eaten straw. Main Teachings: This surah describes the historical campaign against Makkah in the year 570 AD. Abrahah, the Christian king of Yemen erected a great cathedral at Sana'a, hoping thus to divert the annual Arabian pilgrimage from the Ka abah, to the new church. When this hope remained unfulfilled, he determined to destroy the Ka abah. He set out with a large army, which included a number of war elephants as well. Allah protected His house by sending little birds in flocks. They carried tiny stones of hard clay in their beaks and claws which they dropped from the height. Abrahah's army was totally destroyed on its march. The Arabs describe the year in which this event took place as the Year of the Elephant, and in the same year the Holy Messenger of Allah (S.A.W) was born. The historians almost unanimously state that the event of the people of the elephant had occurred in Muharram and the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) was born in Rabi' al-awwal. According to some authentic accounts he was born 50 days after the event of the elephant. Page 4
SELECTED VERSES FROM THE QURAN 1. Eat and drink, but do not waste by excess; for Allah loves not the wasters. (7:31) This verse describes that the Muslims should demonstrate a moderate conduct. They are allowed to use Allah s bounties according to His commands. On the other hand they are not supposed to waste the food, time, money and other bounties. 2. Behold! The curse of Allah is on those who do wrong. (11:18) This phrase concludes the verse that explains the condition of those who lie against Allah. They are the disbelievers and hypocrites. They commit sins and also hinder others from the path of Allah. They actually do not believe in the life after death. Certainly, they will be the greatest losers in the Hereafter. 3. And avoid the word that is false. (22:30) This verse clearly teaches us to take care of our words. We should always speak truth and avoid falsehood in all circumstances. Telling lie is a sign of hypocrite. Being truthful and trustworthy is among the greatest virtues any human being can possess, on the other hand lying leads to corruption and deceit in any society. Page 5
4. Nothing is hidden from Allah on earth or in the heavens. (3:5) This verse describes Allah s absolute knowledge. His knowledge is related to everything that can be; He knows what was, what is, and what will be. He knows whatever we say, do or think. Nothing is hidden from Him. 5. Show kindness to the parents, and the relatives, and the orphans and the needy. (2:83) This verse describes the conduct we should adopt towards our parents, relatives, orphans and the needy. Islam stresses a lot about the rights of these people. The verse asks us to treat them gently. We must help them as and when we can. 6. Do not be harsh to the orphan. (93:9) This verse teaches us how to treat the orphan. We must not humiliate, ridicule or hate him. Rather, we should be kind and gentle to him. Page 6
7. For those who do good in this world there is good. (39:10) This verse describes the world as a cultivating ground for the life after death. The one who does good deeds will have a good (reward) in this world and in the Hereafter. 8. Bear with patience whatever may befall you. (31:17) This phrase is a continuation of the instructions given in this verse. These instructions are about performing the Prayer, promoting the good and stopping the evil. Whoever enjoins what is good and forbids what is evil, will inevitably encounter harm and annoyance from people, so this verse tells him to be patient. 9. Surely with every hardship there is relief. (94:6) This verse encourages the believers to know and be sure that whatever difficulties or troubles are encountered to them, Allah always provides a solution, a way out, a relief, a way to lead to ease and happiness. Moreover, the solution or relief does not merely come after the difficulty; it is provided with it. It is the glad tidings or promise of Allah that enlightens the heart, makes it hopeful for triumph, and clears Man s soul of the dirt of hopelessness. Page 7
10. Fear Allah and be with those who are true (in word and deed). (9:119) This verse highlights the importance of companionship in our social lives. Muslims are required to be very careful regarding their choice of friends. They must make truthful people their friends. According to a Hadith the example of a good friend is like that of a perfume seller; even if we do not purchase anything, we can still enjoy the fragrance. On the other hand the example of a bad friend is like that of a blacksmith; even if we do not get burnt, we shall suffer the effects of smoke. Similarly, we always are influenced by good or bad friends. 11. Keep your clothes free from stain. (74:4) This verse describes one of the basics of Islam; i.e. the cleanliness. The cleanliness of exterior dress is an important sign of man s personality, his brought up and culture. The purity of body and garments and the purity of the spirit are inter-linked and interdependent. A pure spirit and an impure body with impure garments cannot live together. The Holy Prophet ( S.A.W) gave mankind the detailed teaching about cleanliness. According to one Hadith cleanliness is half of faith. 12. But Allah is your protector, and He is the best of helpers. (3:150) This verse was revealed in context of the Battle of Uhad. Muslims fell in chaos when the rumour of Holy Prophet s (S.A.W) death spread out. T his verse emphasizes that Allah is the Helper who will never be defeated. No power can match His power. He showed His power and protected His Prophet s (S.A.W) life. Page 8
13. Allah is well aware of all that you do. (3:153) This verse describes Allah s absolute knowledge. He knows whatever we do or think. Nothing is hidden from Him. He has knowledge of all times. 14. O my Lord! Bestow on me wisdom and join me with the righteous. (26:83) This is the prayer asked by Hazrat Ibrahim (A.S). He requested Allah to grant him religious knowledge, right judgement of the affairs and join him with the righteous servants of Allah in this world and in Hereafter. Page 9
DUA-E-QUNOOT O' Allah! We implore You for help, and beg forgiveness of You, and believe in You, and rely on You, and praise You, and we are thankful to You, and are not ungrateful to You, and we alienate and forsake those who disobey You. O' Allah! You alone do we worship, and for You do we pray and prostrate, and we run towards You and present ourselves for the service in Your cause, and we hope for Your mercy and fear Your punishment. Undoubtedly, Your torment is going to overtake infidels. Importance: Dua-e-Qunoot is important for the Muslims as it is recited daily in Witr of Isha prayer. It teaches that Allah is the one and only Authority to whom we beg for all kind of help. He is the only one worthy of worship. This Dua also tells us to discontinue our relations with those who disobey Allah. It also describes Allah as the most Merciful for the believers as well as the strictest in punishment for unbelievers. DUA OF TRAVELLING Glory to Him who has brought this under our control; and we were unable to control it (ourselves), and indeed to our Lord we will surely return. Page 10
Importance: Benefiting from Allah s bounties is to be accompanied by remembrance of Allah and gratitude toward Him rather than arrogance and negligence. The verse teaches us that when we mount on vehicles, planes, ships or quadrupeds, we should be aware that they are bounties bestowed upon us by our Creator. We are supposed to recognize that Allah is All-Glorious and we are too weak to subjugate such overpowering creatures to our will. Thus we should be grateful toward Allah for the innumerable bounties bestowed upon us. We should never be neglectful of remembering our Lord. DUA OF ENTERING THE MOSQUE O Allah, open the doors of your mercy for me. DUA OF LEAVING THE MOSQUE O Allah, I ask You of Your favour. Page 11
CLEANLINESS IMPORTANCE OF PURIFICATION (TAHARAT) IN ISLAM Taharat implies cleanliness and eschewing all types of impurities and filth. According to a tradition the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) said, Taharat (purification) is the key to prayer. In another tradition narrated by Muslim, which emphasized the need for purity, the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) said, Allah is pure and does not accept anything, except what is pure. According to another Hadith, Purity is said to be half of faith. (Muslim) Also, purification is so important in Islam that Allah said in His Book, He intends to purify you and complete His favour upon you that you may be grateful. (5:6) Allah appreciates the cleanliness so much that He dedicated a verse of the Holy Quran for the people of Quba, Therein are men who love to cleanse themselves; and Allah loves those who cleanse themselves. (9:108). The Holy Prophet (S.A.W) asked them that what activity they engaged in to earn such huge praises from Allah. They said, We cleanse ourselves, after emptying the bowels, with water. In Islam, general cleanliness is a desirable attribute. Every Muslim is required to be pure, spiritually and physically. Through the Quran and the Sunnah, Islam enjoins every true believer to sanitize and purify his entire way of life. According to the Holy Quran, Allah loves those who turn to Him in repentance and He loves those who keep themselves pure and clean. (2:222). METHOD OF GHUSL (BATH) Ghusl means washing the whole body. The manner of performing Ghusl is: 1. Make intention of getting purification. 2. Wash hands three times. 3. Wash and remove the impurities from the body, if any. 4. Do Wudu as for Salah. Take special care of gargling, and rinsing of both the nostrils. 5. Pour water over the head, running wet fingers through the hair, letting the water reach down the roots of the hair. 6. Pour water over the entire body, beginning with the right side, then the left. It is an obligation that the water should reach all parts of the body. If any part of the skin remains dry, the Ghusl is not valid. Page 12
METHOD OF WUDU (ABLUTION) In the terminology of Islamic laws Wudu means the washing of certain parts of the body before prayers. The Holy Quran says, O you who believe, when you rise to (perform) prayer, wash your faces and your forearms to the elbows and wipe over your heads and wash your feet to the ankles. (5:6). The manner of performing Wudu is: 1. Make intention of getting purification. 2. Recite Bismillah. 3. Wash both hands up to the wrist. 4. Rinse the mouth with water, by gargling if necessary. 5. Use Miswak. 6. Clean the nostrils by sniffing a little water into them and blowing the nose if necessary. 7. Wash the face from the forehead to the chin and from one ear to the other. 8. Wash the right arm and then the left arm up to the elbow. 9. Wipe over the head with wet hands, three fingers of both hands being joined together. Then wipe the inner sides of the ears with the forefingers, while their outer side is wiped with the thumbs. 10. Wash the feet up to the ankles, the right foot being washed first. IMPORTANCE OF GHUSL AND WUDU TO ATTAIN PURIFICATION Muslims throughout the world have extremely high standards of personal hygiene because Islam places great emphasis on cleanliness and purification, both physical and spiritual. While humankind in general usually considers cleanliness to be a pleasing attribute, Islam insists on it. Muslims are required to take care of their personal hygiene by assuring that they are well groomed, and that their bodies, clothing, and surroundings are clean. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W) informed his companions and thus all of us, about the importance of cleanliness when he said, Cleanliness is half of faith. The Quran is more specific and says, Truly, Allah loves those who turn unto Him in repentance and loves those who purify themselves. (2:222) Personal hygiene is desirable at all times but certain aspects of it are not only important but also compulsory. Cleanliness is of two kinds: 1. Purification or ritual washing in order to perform prayer. 2. Keeping the body, clothing, and environment clean. Prior to obligatory or voluntary prayer a person must assure that he is in a state of cleanliness. He does this by performing either Wudu or Ghusl. `Uthman ibn `Affaan ( R.A) reported: The Messenger of Allah ( S.A.W) said, He who performs the Wudu perfectly (i.e., according to Sunnah), his sins will depart from his body, even from under his nails. Page 13
Abu Hurairah (R.A) narrates that he heard the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) saying: My Ummah will be called on the Day of Resurrection with their limbs and faces shining from traces of Wudu. So whoever amongst you can increase the area of his radiance should do so (i.e. by performing Wudu regularly). This means that the believers will be distinguished from other communities by virtue of the refulgence issuing from their faces, hands and feet on the Day of Resurrection. Islam also gives great importance to Ghusl. When man fulfills this religious duty, he both attracts the love and consent of Allah and gains health and welfare materially. Some health benefits of Wudu and Ghusl are as follows: 1. Our hands touch many things every day, with the result that germs are transferred onto our hands. Washing the hands, face, and feet provides protection against skin diseases and inflammation. 2. Washing the nostrils prevents dust and germs trapped inside from entering the body. 3. Washing the face strengthens skin and relieves feelings of heaviness and fatigue in the head. It excites the activities of blood vessels and nerves. A person who does Wudu regularly will not lose the beauty and freshness on his or her face, even though he or she gets old. 4. After Ghusl, the body regains its former energy. Washing the body at certain intervals is highly important in terms of preventive medicine, too. Our religion orders us to take Ghusl at least every Friday. 5. Wudu and Ghusl have positive effects on the circulatory system, too. They prevent narrowing of the blood vessels. Page 14
HAZRAT SALMAN FARSI (R.A) Hazrat Salman Farsi (R.A) was a famous companion of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W). He was born in Persia. The first sixteen years of his life were devoted to studying to become a Zoroastrian priest and he became the guardian of a fire temple, which was a well-respected job. Later in 587 AD he met a Christian group and was so impressed by them that against the wishes of his father, he left his family to join them. His family imprisoned him afterwards to prevent him but he escaped. He traveled around the Middle East to discuss his ideas with priests and scholars in his quest for truth. During his stay in Syria, he heard of Muhammad (S.A.W), whose coming has been predicted by Salman's last Christian teacher on his deathbed. Afterwards and during his journey to the Arabian Peninsula, he was betrayed and sold to a Jew in Medina. After meeting the Holy Prophet (S.A.W), he recognized the signs that the monk had described to him. He converted to Islam and secured his freedom with the help of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W). It was Hazrat Salman Farsi (R.A) who came up with the idea of digging a great trench around the city of Medina to defend the city against the army of 10,000 non-muslims. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W) accepted Hazrat Salman's advice. Hazrat Salman Farsi (R.A) participated in the conquest of the Persian Empire and became the first governor of Mada in after its fall at the time of Caliph Umer (R.A). According to some other sources, however, he was disappeared from public life after the Prophet s (S.A.W) death; until 656 AD when Hazrat Ali (R.A) became Caliph, and appointed Hazrat Salman (R.A) as the governor of Mada in at the age of 88. During the Battle of the Trench, one of Muhajirin stated Salman is one of us, Muhajirin, but this was challenged by the Muslims of Medina (the Ansaar). A lively argument began between the two groups with each of them claiming Hazrat Salman (R.A) belonged to their group and not to the other one. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W) arrived on the scene and heard the argument. He was pleased by the claims but soon put an end to the argument by saying: Salman is neither Muhajir nor Ansaar. He is one of us. He is one of the People of the House (Ahl-e-Bait). He translated part of the Quran into Persian, thus becoming the first person to interpret and translate the Quran into a foreign language. Page 15
IMPORTANCE OF THE SUNNAH OF THE HOLY PROPHET (S.A.W) The clearest Quranic verse to describe the importance of Hadith/Sunnah to the Muslims is: And obey Allah and obey the Messenger. (5:92) Sunnah literally means path. The Sunnah, in Islam, is the path which has been laid down by the character, manners, ritual habits, deeds, example and actions of our beloved Prophet ( S.A.W). The Sunnah of our Holy Prophet (S.A.W) sets a perfect example for anyone who wishes to draw close to Allah. The Holy Quran says, There has certainly been for you in the Messenger of Allah an excellent pattern for anyone whose hope is in Allah and the Last Day and [who] remembers Allah often. (33:21) It is for this very reason that all legitimate paths towards Allah embody the Sunnah of our beloved Prophet (S.A.W). By following the Sunnah one eventually becomes a dear friend of Allah. The Holy Quran says, Say, [O Muhammad], "If you should love Allah, then follow me, [so] Allah will love you and forgive you your sins. And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful." (3:31) It may initially be difficult to adopt the Sunnah, for fear of being ridiculed, but this is exactly why one will be greatly rewarded by Allah. The Holy Prophet ( S.A.W) said, "At the time of corruption, if one revives the Sunnah, he will be rewarded to the equivalent of one hundred martyrs in Islam." (Baihiqi) Page 16