Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which statement is true regarding spirituality? 1) A) Spirituality is a comfort but not a sustaining power. B) The spiritual dimension is limited to certain beliefs. C) Spirituality means religion. D) In every human there seems to be a spiritual dimension. A) Spirituality especially comes into focus as a sustaining power when the person faces emotional stress, physical illness, or death. B) The spiritual dimension permeates all of life and integrates values and beliefs. C) Religion is related to, but not synonymous with, spirituality. D) In every human there seems to be a spiritual dimension, a quality that goes beyond religious affiliation, which strives for inspiration, reverence, awe, meaning, and purpose even in those who do not believe in any god. 1
2) The primary role of the parish nurse is: 2) A) Personal spiritual guide. B) Friend. C) Integrator of faith and health. D) Home health nurse. Answer: C A) Personal spiritual guide is not one of the primary roles of a parish nurse. B) While a parish nurse often functions as a friend, it is not the primary function of the position. C) Although there are many functions of a parish nurse, integrator of faith and health is one of the most basic. D) Parish nurses and home health nurses may work closely, but they do have different functions. 3) Religion is defined on various levels. Which option is not a correct definition of religion? 3) A) A belief in a supernatural or divine force that has power over the universe and commands worship and obedience to a supernatural force B) Spirituality C) A personal and institutional system of beliefs D) A comprehensive code of ethics or philosophy A) The definition of religion includes a belief in a supernatural or divine force that has power over the universe and commands worship and obedience to a supernatural force. B) Religion is related to, but not synonymous with, spirituality. C) The definition of religion includes a personal and institutional system of beliefs. D) The definition of religion includes a comprehensive code of ethics or philosophy. 2
4) Why might a study of world religions pose semantic difficulties? 4) A) Because most religions do not have an ethical code B) Because an expression in one religion may have no equivalent in another language C) Because most religions are focused on what happens at death D) Because concepts in different religions are so very different A) Language in religion dictates what people think, how they act, and how their religious beliefs are carried out, or their moral code. B) Studying world religions poses semantic difficulties. For example, an expression in the Chinese-based religion of Confucianism may have no equivalent in the English language. C) Each major religion has many characteristics including a world view; a basis of authority or source(s) of power; a portion of scripture or sacred word; an ethical code that defines right and wrong; a psychology and identity so that its adherents fit into a group and the world is defined by the religion; aspirations or expectations; and ideas about what follows death. D) Each major religion has many characteristics in common. 3
5) Which is the best example of how the ancient Chinese principle of yin-yang influences lifestyle and health status in Taoism and Confucianism? A) Yin is positive or masculine dry, hot, active, moving, and light. B) "If I am sick, I will get better." C) Yang is feminine or negative wet, cold, passive, restful, and empty. D) "If I am sick, I will probably not get better." A) Yang is positive or masculine dry, hot, active, moving, and light. B) "If I am sick, I will get better. Life is like going up and down a mountain; sometimes I feel good and sometimes I feel bad. That's the way it is." C) Yin is feminine or negative wet, cold, passive, restful, and empty. D) This statement is fatalistic in nature and is not an example of yin-yang. 6) "There is no God but Allah; Mohammad or Muhammad is His Prophet" provides the key to which major religion? A) Buddhism B) Jainism C) Confucianism D) Islamic Muslim A) This statement is a summary of Buddhism. B) This statement is a summary of Jainism. C) This statement is a summary of Confucianism. D) This summarizes the Islamic religion. It is required that this is said once in life but expected to be repeated by Muslims many times as an affirmation. 5) 6) 4
7) Your role as a health care provider dealing with people professing many different types of religion is: A) To never acknowledging a belief system that seems illogical to you. B) That of astute client assessment, consultation with other professionals during intervention as appropriate, and community educator. C) To evangelize as needed. D) That of confrontation about folk and scientific belief systems even if such a confrontation might appear to be a rejection of the person. A) Acknowledge a belief system, even if it seems illogical to you. Related practices may provide physical or emotional comfort. B) These actions represent correct and professional behaviors. C) Do not evangelize, overwhelm, or antagonize. D) Avoid confrontation about folk and scientific belief systems and apparent rejection of the person. 7) 5
8) According to actuarial predictions, what is the value of church attendance? 8) A) Church attendance, if positive, has been reported to add 7 years to the Caucasian's lifespan and 14 years to the life of African Americans. B) There are no actuarial predictions. C) Church attendance, if positive, has been reported to add 2 years to the Caucasian's lifespan and 2 years to the life of African Americans. D) Church attendance has been reported to take away 7 years from the Caucasian's lifespan and 14 years from the life of African Americans. Answer: A A) Church attendance, if positive, has been reported to add 7 years to the Caucasian's lifespan and 14 years to the life of African Americans, per actuarial predictions. Cognitive Level: Comprehension B) Actuarial studies and predictions do exist. Cognitive Level: Comprehension C) This is a false statement. The correct figures are 7 years for Caucasians and 14 years for African Americans. Cognitive Level: Comprehension D) This is a false statement. Research shows that church attendance adds years to individuals' lives. Cognitive Level: Comprehension 6
9) What is neurotheology? 9) A) The study of the proof of God B) The study of the religions of the world C) A subset of the study of biology D) A field of research that examines the biological basis of spirituality A) Neurotheology is not the study of the proof of God. Cognitive Level: Comprehension B) Neurotheology is not the study of the religions of the world. Cognitive Level: Comprehension C) Neurotheology is not a subset of biology. Cognitive Level: Comprehension D) Neurotheology is a new field of research that examines the biological basis of spirituality. Brain imaging techniques pinpoint brain activity when people meditate, experience enlightenment, or have visions. Cognitive Level: Comprehension 10) What two major religions represent the beta group? 10) A) Taoism and Shintoism B) Hinduism and Judaism C) Christianity and Judaism D) Buddhism and Hinduism A) Taoism and Shintoism are in the gamma group. B) Hinduism and Judaism are not in the same group. Hinduism is in the beta group, and Judaism is in the alpha group. These two groups have many fundamental differences. C) Christianity and Judaism are in the alpha group. D) The beta group includes Buddhism and Hinduism. These religions have their roots in Indian soil. 7
11) People of this major faith celebrate Christmas as Christ's birthday; Lent as a season of penitence and self-examination preceding Good Friday, Christ's crucifixion day; and Easter, His Resurrection day. A) Buddhism B) Judaism C) Muslim D) Christianity A) Buddhists do not celebrate these Christian holidays. B) Jews do not celebrate these Christian holidays. C) Muslims do not celebrate these Christian holidays. D) These are the core celebrations of a Christian. 12) Confucius's teaching makes use of five important terms. Which is not a term from the teaching of Confucius? A) Jains B) Te C) Jen D) Chun-sui Answer: A A) Jains is a term referring to people of the Jainism religion. B) Te is a term of Confucius that means leading by virtuous character rather than by force. C) Jen is a term of Confucius that means a striving for goodness within. D) Chun-sui is a term of Confucius that means establishing a gentlemanly or womanly approach with others. 11) 12) 8
13) What behavior should be avoided as a health care provider? 13) A) Deal with your own negative reactions. B) Share personal experiences or beliefs freely. C) Respect the client as a person with spiritual needs who may or may not want them addressed specifically. D) Take time to prepare yourself for encounters with the spiritual dimension through literature, media programs, peer discussions, and following a plan. A) Deal with your own negative reactions. Some religious practices may cause you dismay because of your medical background. B) Be careful about sharing personal experiences or beliefs. It may be inappropriate. C) Respecting your client as a person with spiritual needs who may or may not want them addressed specifically may be comforting. During illness or times of crisis, the spiritual dimension may become a major focus, even if it is suppressed in daily life. D) Take time to prepare yourself for encounters with the spiritual dimension through literature, media programs, peer discussions, and following a plan to clarify your beliefs, either within or outside of a specific religious denomination. 9
14) What do Christianity, Judaism, and Islam have in common? 14) A) Adherents are interested in "being" rather than "doing." B) All have their roots in the Indian culture. C) All look inside themselves for answers: common sense rather than commands from God determines good. D) All adhere to a Biblical revelation of a supernatural, monotheistic God. A) People in these religions are considered "doers." B) These three faiths have their roots in three different cultures. C) The philosophy of the beta group includes looking inside for answers: common sense rather than commands from God determines good. These three faiths are members of the alpha group. D) As a part of the alpha group, these three faiths all adhere to a Biblical revelation of a supernatural, monotheistic God. 15) A client describes his religion in the following manner:"the most expressive and universal word of God is Om, or Aum, providing the most important auditory and visual symbol in Rama's religion. Om, or Aum, God, and Brahman are synonymous and mean a Consciousness or awareness rather than a personified being." What is his religion? A) Gautama B) Confucianism C) Buddhism D) Hinduism A) Gautama became the Buddha in Buddhism. B) Confucianism is an incorrect response. C) Buddhism is an incorrect response. D) These ideas are the basis of Hinduism. 15) 10
16) In research many themes indicate ways to foster spirituality. Which option does not? 16) A) Gaining transcendence over the present situation B) Affirming others with love and quality interpersonal nurse-client relationships C) Enabling hope D) Fostering separation from a concern for others A) Gaining transcendence over the present situation is a theme for fostering spirituality. B) Affirming others with love and quality interpersonal nurse-client relationships is a theme for fostering spirituality. C) Enabling hope is a theme for fostering spirituality. D) Fostering connectedness, not a separation from others, is a theme for fostering spirituality. 17) The rabbi is the spiritual leader of this major religion. 17) A) Catholicism B) Judaism C) Buddhism D) Christianity A) The priest is the spiritual leader in Catholicism. B) The rabbi is the spiritual leader of Judaism. C) The priest is the spiritual leader in Buddhism. D) The pastor or preacher is the spiritual leader in the Christian faiths. 11
18) According to a qualitative descriptive study with well adults ages 18 to 24 years, which option does not indicate a strengthening spirituality? A) Using personal resources to get through life B) Reaching out to others even if others do not respond C) Recognizing that God is everywhere D) Avoiding responsibility for personal life A) The concept of "walking through" indicates a strengthening of spirituality, or using personal resources to get through life. B) Connectedness is a strengthening of spirituality: relationships form with self, others, nature, universe and a Higher Power. The person reaches out to others even if others do not respond. C) Recognizing the concept of Divine Providence indicates a strengthening of spirituality. It involves recognizing there is an ever-present and benevolent guidance of a Higher Power; God is everywhere. D) Strengthening spirituality is demonstrated by having a deep commitment and the beliefs that guide behavior, attitude, and existence; taking responsibility for personal life. 18) 12
19) The Spirituality and Self-Transcendence in People with HIV/AIDS study concluded all of the following except: A) The person cannot be assumed to feel well when CD4 and viral loads are normal or improving. B) Health care providers need not assess patients who complain of fatigue, low energy, pain, depression and the consequent effect on meeting spiritual needs since clinical indicators of immune system function are accurate indictors of well-being and ability to participate in the spiritual dimension of life. C) Energy level, pain, and depression may be interactive. D) Physiological needs must be met before the person can meet higher-level needs. A) This is a correct statement. B) Health care providers should assess patients who complain of fatigue, low energy, pain, depression, and the consequent effect on meeting spiritual needs since clinical indicators of immune system function are not accurate indictors of well-being and ability to participate in the spiritual dimension of life. C) This is a correct statement. D) This is a correct statement. 19) 13
20) In this major world religion, the people observe the law and believe that their historical role as God's chosen people brings hope for better days. A) Eastern Orthodox Church B) Judaism C) Roman Catholic D) Protestantism A) This statement does not describe the Eastern Orthodox Church. B) Through the Jews' observance of the law, belief of their historical role as God's chosen people, and their hope for better days, they have survived seemingly insurmountable persecution. C) This statement does not describe the Roman Catholic faith. D) This statement does not describe the Protestantism movement. 20) SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 21) Discuss two of the meanings of healing. 21) Answer: A correct response will both list and discuss two of the following: Some will demand that God provide a quick and miraculous recovery. Others will expect the process to occur through the work of the health team. Still others combine God's touch, the health providers' skills, and their own emotional and physical cooperation. Some even consider death as the final form of healing. The health care provider must be sensitive to the different understandings clients may have of the meaning of healing. A full understanding of the full meaning of this key term will lead to better understanding the client. The health care provider will be able to better administer care consistent with the client s definition. Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance Nursing Process: Implementation 14
22) Using the acronym of HEALTH, describe the role of the parish nurse. 22) Answer: H Health Counselor E Educator of wholistic health A Advocate/resource person L Liaison to community services T Teacher of volunteers/support groups H Healer in body, mind, and spirit An acceptable response will relate each letter in the word "health" to a function of the parish nurse. Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance Nursing Process: Implementation 23) Ideally, religion provides strength, an inner calm and faith with which to work through life's problems. Name and discuss two possible negative aspects of religion. Answer: A correct response will both list and discuss two negative aspects. The responses may come from the following: To some, religion seems to add guilt, depression, and confusion. Some may blame God for making them ill, for letting them suffer, or for not healing them in a prescribed manner. One Protestant believed she had made a contract with God: if she lived the best Christian life she could, God would keep her relatively well and free from tragedy. When an incurable disease was diagnosed, she said. "What did I do to deserve this?" Another Protestant took the opposite view of her contract with God. She said, "I wasn't living as well as I should, and God knocked me down to let me know I was backsliding." Other clients view disease as "something that happens to people." A full understanding of all aspects of religion and faith will lead to a more sensitive health care provider. Views of religion and faith are not always considered to be positive by all clients. Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance Nursing Process: Implementation TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 23) 24) In the U.S., religion and spiritual involvement is as diverse as the cultures that make up the populations. Answer: True False This is a true statement. Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance 24) 15
25) The practice of spiritualism's use of God or spirits as a form of help and healing is central to the African-American experience. Answer: True False The practice of spiritualism's use of God or spirits as a form of help and healing is central to the African-American experience. Spiritual powers are evident in the praying to God or a Higher Power, the calling on of forces seen and unseen, the use of laying on of hands, and all other acts of spiritual beliefs. Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance Nursing Process: Evaluation MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1. 25) Match the following. 26) Voodoo 27) Mormons Answer: A 28) Atheistic Answer: C 29) New Age 30) Cults Answer: F A) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints B) A religious cult practice that dates back to pre-slavery days in West Africa C) Believe that God does not exist D) Belief is pantheistic and does not dwell on sin or evil. E) Turn wholly to spiritual means for healing F) Members are expected to relinquish all financial assets and personal property to the group. 26) 27) 28) 29) 30) G) The Society of Friends 16
Answer Key Testname: C7 1) D 2) C 3) B 4) B 5) B 6) D 7) B 8) A 9) D 10) D 11) D 12) A 13) B 14) D 15) D 16) D 17) B 18) D 19) B 20) B 21) A correct response will both list and discuss two of the following: Some will demand that God provide a quick and miraculous recovery. Others will expect the process to occur through the work of the health team. Still others combine God's touch, the health providers' skills, and their own emotional and physical cooperation. Some even consider death as the final form of healing. 22) H Health Counselor E Educator of wholistic health A Advocate/resource person L Liaison to community services T Teacher of volunteers/support groups H Healer in body, mind, and spirit 23) A correct response will both list and discuss two negative aspects. The responses may come from the following: To some, religion seems to add guilt, depression, and confusion. Some may blame God for making them ill, for letting them suffer, or for not healing them in a prescribed manner. One Protestant believed she had made a contract with God: if she lived the best Christian life she could, God would keep her relatively well and free from tragedy. When an incurable disease was diagnosed, she said. "What did I do to deserve this?" Another Protestant took the opposite view of her contract with God. She said, "I wasn't living as well as I should, and God knocked me down to let me know I was backsliding." Other clients view disease as "something that happens to people." 24) TRUE 25) TRUE 26) B 27) A 28) C 29) D 30) F 17