Centerpoint School of Theology - 56 - THE ORDO SALUTIS (THE APPLICATION OF REDEMPTION) PROGRESSIVE SANCTIFICATION Sanctification is in one sense synergistic it is an ongoing cooperative process in which regenerate persons, alive to God and freed from sin s dominion (Rom. 6:11, 14-18), are required to exert themselves in sustained obedience. God s method of sanctification is neither activism (self-reliant activity) nor apathy (God-reliant passivity), but God-dependent effort (2 Cor. 7:1; Phil. 3:10-14; Heb. 12:14). Knowing that without Christ s enabling we can do nothing, morally speaking, as we should, and that he is ready to strengthen us for all that we have to do (Phil. 4:13), we stay put (remain, abide) in Christ, asking for his help constantly - and we receive it (Col. 1:11; 1 Tim. 1:12; 2 Tim. 1:7; 2:1). J. I. Packer, Concise Theology (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale, 1993), 170-171. Sanctification is a thing for which every believer is responsible I maintain that believers are eminently and peculiarly responsible and under a special obligation to live holy lives A man who professes to be a true Christian, while he sits still, content with a very low degree of sanctification (if indeed he has any at all), and coolly tells you he can do nothing, is a very pitiable sight and a very ignorant man. Against this delusion let us watch and be on our guard. The Word of God always addresses its precepts to believers as accountable and responsible beings. If the Savior of sinners gives us renewing grace and calls us by His Spirit, we may be sure that He expects us to use our grace and not to go to sleep. It is forgetfulness of this which causes many believers to grieve the Holy Spirit and makes them very useless and uncomfortable Christians. J. C. Ryle, Holiness (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1956), 19. Sanctification is the work of God s free grace, whereby we are renewed in the whole man after the image of God, and are enabled more and more to die unto sin, and live unto righteousness. Shorter Catechism, A. 35. 1
1. The Ordo Salutis (Application of Redemption) (Union with Christ) Effectual Calling (TULIP Irresistible Grace) Regeneration Repentance/Faith Justification Definitive Sanctification Adoption/Sealing Progressive Sanctification Perseverance Glorification 2. Literature: i John Calvin, The Golden Booklet of the Christian Life ii John Bunyan: The Pilgrim s Progress, The Fear of God iii John Owen: Mortification of Sin, Indwelling Sin, Temptation, (see Overcoming Sin and Temptation) iv Richard Baxter: A Call to the Unconverted, A Treatise on Conversion, The Saints Everlasting Rest, The Reformed Pastor v Sinclair Ferguson: Grow in Grace, Five Views on Sanctification vi James Fraser, A Treatise on Sanctification vii J. I. Packer, Rediscovering Holiness viii John Piper, Sanctification in the Every Day ix Walter Marshal, The Gospel Mystery of Sanctification x Henry Scougal, The Life of God in the Soul of Man xi William Gurnall, The Christian in Complete Armor xii Kevin de Young, A Hole in Your Holiness xiii Derek Thomas, How The Gospel Brings You All the Way Home 2
3. THE NATURE OF SANCTIFICATION: PROGRESSIVE CONFORMITY TO CHRIST i Q. 35. What is sanctification? A. Sanctification is the work of God s free grace, whereby we are renewed in the whole man after the image of God, and are enabled more and more to die unto sin, and live unto righteousness. ii Calvin: Negative: Mortification, Positive: Vivification and Meditation on the Future Life (Institutes, Book 3) i. Our Identity with Christ in his death: 1. An exhortation to active engagement in holiness a. So you also must consider yourselves dead to sin and alive to God in Christ Jesus. [12] Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal bodies, to make you obey their passions. [13] Do not present your members to sin as instruments for unrighteousness, but present yourselves to God as those who have been brought from death to life, and your members to God as instruments for righteousness. [14] For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace. (Romans 6:11-14). i. For one who has died has been set free (Gk. justified) from sin (Romans 6:7) ii. John Murray Collected Writings Vol. 2:287-8 comment on Romans 6:7. iii. Sin can influence the believer, but no longer dominate! Sometimes we are inconsistent with our new Master, but he is still our Master. We are no longer under bondage to sin. b. If then you have been raised with Christ, seek the things that are above, where Christ is, seated at the right hand of God. [2] Set your minds on things that are above, not on things that are on earth. [3] For you have died, and your life is hidden with Christ in God. [4] When Christ who is your life appears, then you also will appear with him in glory. [5] Put to death therefore what is earthly in you: sexual immorality, impurity, passion, evil 3
desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry. (Col. 3:1-5). c. For if you live according to the flesh you will die, but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live (Romans 8:13). d. Sanctification is MORE than: realize your justification or resting in the fact of your union with Christ (i.e. a passive approach to sanctification) e. Must Read bibliography here: John Owen Volume 6: pp. 9-14; Lloyd-Jones Romans Volume 6 156-9. 2. The imperative-indicative axis ( gospel-grammar ): a. The imperative is based on the indicative in New Testament ethics. b. Prior union with Christ grounds all our activity c. The determining factor of my existence is no longer my past. It is Christ s past (Sinclair Ferguson, Christian Spirituality: Five Views, [Zondervan], p.57). d. Everywhere the Scriptures provide both the declaration of who we are in Christ (indicative) and the command to respond to that particular declaration in a certain way (imperative). For instance, Paul does not simply issue an imperative like, Stop living with your boyfriend. He says, How should we who have died to sin live any longer in it? (Ibid.) e. Col 3:1-5; Rom 6:1-14 ii. Our identity with Christ in his Resurrection (vivification) 1. Virtual Identification: For the death he died he died to sin, once for all, but the life he lives he lives to God (Romans 6:10). Virtually: at the time it happened to Christ. 4
2. Actual identification: Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? (Romans 6:3) iii Basic Shape of Sanctification: a. At physical baptism? Or Regeneration/justification? (symbolized in the former, actualized in the latter). i. The context of sanctification is justification ii. iii. iv. The essence of sanctification is transformation through conforming to Christlikeness (cf. Rom 8:28-30, conformed to the image of Christ ) The root of sanctification is co-crucifixion and co-resurrection with Christ (Romans 6-8) The agent of sanctification is the Holy Spirit v. The experience of sanctification is conflict (Romans 7:14-25, taking an Augustinian interpretation) vi. The rule of Sanctification is the LAW (moral) iv (Some) Current problems in sanctification i. Perfectionism; second-blessing; baptism of the Spirit ii. iii. iv. Playing up the forensic (definitive) aspect to such a degree that sanctification becomes entirely passive ( realize your justification ) Shrinking effort on our part: work out your own salvation (Phil. 2:13-14). Shrinking all motivation to a single idea of gratitude, suggesting that all others are legalistic or a return to works-based salvation (see summary below) v. The kind of moralistic-therapeutic Deism that confuses Christianity with decency and civil order. vi. Celebratory failure-ism: We are all sinners so celebrate it by cussing a little or wearing an edgy tattoo that shows you re 5
forgiven. This is often mere antinomianism dressed in skinny jeans. vii. The definition of legalism: often being confused with this isn t convenient. Legalism is a problem: we are hard-wired for selfjustification. Legalism is: 1. Obedience/demand that results in justification and acceptance 2. Insistence on obedience to laws that are over and above what the Bible asks (e.g. that growing beards is sinful) 3. Obedience from wrong motivations (but see list at the end of this lecture) viii. Rhetorical obstructionism: 1. In order to get JBF right we should sin that grace may abound. 2. Unless we use the phrase gospel-driven or Christcentered in every sentence, all exhortation and command is viewed as works-based righteousness and therefore a denial of the gospel. Thus, no one is preaching the gospel in this church/city. 3. We are Justified by faith, and Sanctified by faith is a category mistake in logic : we are justified by faith alone, apart from works of the law (Rom. 3:28). Sanctification, however, involves works a person is justified by works and not by faith alone (James 2:24). WCF 11:2, that faith is not alone in the person justified, but is ever accompanied with all other saving graces. 6
Motivations for Holiness/Sanctification: Duty: The end of the matter; all has been heard. Fear God and keep his commandments, for this is the whole duty of man (Ecc. 12:13). Omniscience of God: God will bring every deed into judgment, with* every secret thing, whether good or evil (Ecc. 12:14). It s right: Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right (Eph. 6:1). It s beneficial: Be careful to obey all these words that I command you, that it may go well with you (Deut. 12:28). God s example: Be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, as God in Christ forgave you (Eph. 4:32). Christ s example: And walk in love, as Christ loved us and gave himself up for us (Eph. 5:2). Assurance: Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to confirm your calling and election, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall (2 Pet. 1:10). Being effective as a Christian: or if these qualities* are yours and are increasing, they keep you from being ineffective or unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ (1 Pet. 1:8). Jesus return: Since all these things are thus to be dissolved, what sort of people ought you to be in lives of holiness and godliness, 12 waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of God, because of which the heavens will be set on fire and dissolved, and the heavenly bodies will melt as they burn! (2 Pet 3:11-12). This world is not our home: Beloved, I urge you has sojourners and exiles to abstain from the passions of the flesh, which wage war against your soul (2 Pet. 2:11). To win over our neighbors: Keep your conduct among the Gentiles honorable, so that when they speak against you as evildoers, they may see your good deeds and glorify God on the day of visitation (1 Pet. 2:12). To lift up a nation: Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people (Prov. 14:34). For the public good: You are the salt of the earth, but if salt has lost its taste, how shall its saltiness be restored (Matt. 5:13a). 7
For the sake of our prayers: Likewise, husbands, live with your wives in an understanding way, showing honor to the woman as the weaker vessel, since they are heirs with you of the grace of life, so that your prayers may not be hindered (1 Pet 3:7). The futility of sin: And which of you by being anxious can add a single hour to his span of life? (Matt. 6:7). The folly of sin: And everyone who hears these words of mine and does not do them will be like a foolish man who built his house on the sand. And the rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it fell, and great was the fall of it (Matt. 7:26-27). The promise of future grace: But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be added to you (Matt 6:33). The promise of future judgment: Beloved, never avenge yourselves, but leave it to the wrath of God, for it is written, Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the Lord (Rom. 12:19). The fear of future judgment: For if we go on sinning deliberately after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, but a fearful expectation of judgment, and ha fury of fire that will consume the adversaries (Heb. 10:26-27). The surety of our inheritance: For you had compassion on those in prison, and you joyfully accepted the plundering of your property, since you knew that you yourselves had a better possession and an abiding one (Heb. 10:34). The communion of the saints: Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us also lay aside every weight, and sin which clings so closely, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us (Heb. 12:1). The good example of others: Remember your leaders, those who spoke to you the word of God. Consider the outcome of their way of life, and imitate their faith (Heb. 13:7). The bad example of others: Now these things took place as examples for us, that we might not desire evil as they did (1 Cor. 10:6). We were created for good works: For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them (Eph. 2:10). God is the master and we are the servants So you also, when you have done all that you were commanded, say, We are unworthy servants; we have only done what was our duty (Luke 17:10). 8
The fear of the Lord: Therefore, knowing the fear of the Lord, we persuade others (2 Cor. 5:11a). The love of the Lord: Beloved, if God so loved us, we also ought to love one another (1 John 4:11). To make God manifest: No one has ever seen God; if we love one another, God abides in us and his love is perfected in us (1 John 4:12). In gratitude for grace: I appeal to you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies bas a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship (Rom. 12:1). For the glory of God: Or do you not know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit within you, whom you have from God? You are not your own, for you were bought with a price. So glorify God in your body (1 Cor. 6:19-20). The character of God: For I am the LORD your God. Consecrate yourselves therefore, and rbe holy, for I am holy (Lev. 11:44a). The work of God: I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery. You shall have no other gods before me (Exod 20:2-3). To please God: Do not neglect to do good and to share what you have, for such sacrifices are pleasing to God (Heb 13:16). To avoid the devil s snares: Be angry and do not sin; do not let the sun go down on your anger, and give no opportunity to the devil (Eph. 4:26-27). For an eternal reward: They are to do good, to be rich in good works, to be generous and ready to share, thus storing up treasure for themselves as a good foundation for the future, so that they may take hold of that which is truly life (1 Tim 6:18-19). Because Christ has all authority: All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them min the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age (Matt. 28:18-20). Love for Christ: If you love me, you will keep my commandments (John 14:15). Fullness of joy: If you keep my commandments, you will abide in my love, just as I have kept my Father s commandments and abide in his love. These things I have spoken to you, that my joy may be in you, and that your joy may be full. (John 15:10-11) 9
To experience God s favor: A good man obtains favor from the LORD, but a man of evil devices he condemns (Prov. 12:2). Our union with Christ: or if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his. We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin. (Rom. 6:5-6) 10
Summary from J. C. Ryle s Holiness: True sanctification is not: 1. Talk about religion. People hear so much of Gospel truth that they contract an unholy familiarity with its words and phrases, and sometimes talk so fluently about its doctrines that you might think them true Christians. [But] the tongue is not the only member that Christ bids us give to his service. 2. Temporary religious feelings. Reaction, after false religious excitement, is a most deadly disease of soul. When the devil is only temporarily cast out of a man in the heat of a revival, and by and by returns to his house, the last state becomes worse than the first. 3. Outward formalism and external devoutness. In many cases, this external religiousness is made a substitute for inward holiness; and I am quite certain that it falls utterly short of sanctification of heart! 4. Retirement from our place in life or renunciation of social duties. It is not the man who hides himself in a cave, but the man who glorifies God as master or servant, parent or child, in the family and in the street, in business and in trade, who is the Scriptural type of a sanctified man. 5. Occasional performance of right actions. [Sanctification] is not like a pump, which only sends forth water when worked upon from without, but like a perpetual fountain, from which a stream is ever flowing spontaneously and naturally. True sanctification is: 1. Habitual respect to God s law and habitual effort to live in obedience to it as the rule of life. The same Holy Spirit who convinces the believer of sin by the law, and leads him to Christ for justification, will always lead him to a spiritual use of the law, as a friendly guide, in the pursuit of sanctification. 2. Habitual endeavour to do Christ s will and to live by his practical precepts. He who supposes [that Christ s precepts as recorded in the Gospels] were spoken without the intention of promoting holiness, and that a Christian need not attend to them in his daily life, is really little better than a lunatic, and at any rate is a grossly ignorant person. 3. Habitual desire to live up to the standard with St. Paul sets before the churches in his writings. I defy anyone to read Paul s writings carefully, without finding in them a large quantity of plain, practical directions about the Christian s duty in every relation of life, and about our daily habits, temper and behavior to one another. 4. Habitual attention to the active graces which our Lord so beautifully exemplified, and especially to the grace of charity (love). A sanctified man will try to do good in the world, and to lessen the sorrow and increase the happiness of all around him. He will aim to be like his Master, full of kindness and love to everyone by deeds and actions and self-denying work, according as he has opportunity. 11
5. Habitual attention to the passive graces of Christianity (those graces which are especially shown in submission to the will of God, and in bearing and forbearing towards one another). Of one thing I feel very sure it is nonsense to pretend to sanctification unless we follow after the meekness, gentleness, patience and forgiveness of which the Bible makes so much. People who are habitually giving way to peevish and cross tempers in daily life, and are constantly sharp with their tongues, and disagreeable to all around them spiteful people, vindictive people, revengeful people, malicious people of whom, alas, the world is only too full! all such know little, as they should know, about sanctification. 12