ALI 256: Spiritual and aspects Salaat SESSION 3: Al-Sadiq Seminary Surrey, BC March 1, 2014/ Rabi II 29, 1435 1
Getting closer thru Du ā, 2:186 و إ ذ ا س أ ل ك ع ب اد ي ع ي ن ف إ ي ن ق ر يب أ ج يب د ع و ة الد اع إ ذ ا ١٨٦ د ع ان ف ل ي س ت ج يب وا ل و ل ي ؤ م ن وا ب ل ع ل ه م ي ر ش د ون And when My servants ask you, [O Muhammad], concerning Me - indeed I am near. I respond to the invocation of the supplicant when he calls upon Me. So let them respond to Me [by obedience] and believe in Me that they may be [rightly] guided. - Allah has used 7 x 1 st person pronoun, only verse - Indeed I am near: physically and spiritually - He readily responds to the call of a supplicant - Ways of achieving Divine guidance 2
Ninety nine names of Allah 3
Explanation of Hadith In the Hadith where Amirul Mu minin (a) is advising his son Muhammad Hanafiyyah about recitations during wudhū it appeared: ث غ س ل ق د م ي ه - then he washed his feet. The response of a scholar from Qum was: This particular phrase about washing the feet is found only in Fiqh al-ridha (a) and even in this work, the researcher s footnote says that it is only in one manuscript that this phrase was recorded and not in another manuscript of the same work. So we would classify it as mudhtarib (insufficiently supported) and give the possibility that it was added by someone else, if we accept this narration as being authentic in the first place. 4
There is no salat except by: و ل ص ل ة إ ل ب إ س ب اغ ال و ض وء و إ ح ض ار النيي ة و خ ل وص ال ي ق ني و إ ف ر اغ ال ق ل ب و ت ر ك ا ل ش غ ال و ه و ق و ل ه ف إ ذا ف ر غ ت ف ان ص ب و إ ىل ر بي ك ف ار غ ب There is no salat except by: (i) performing wudhū properly, (ii) the presence of intention, (iii) sincerity of certitude, (iv) emptying of the heart, and (v) abandoning of (other) tasks; and this is meant by His words: So when you are done with [your duties], then establish [prayers or successor-ship], and turn eagerly to your Lord (Q 94: 7-8) Nasaba ( ن ص ب ) = to raise, setup, establish In our text and other books on Islamic laws you will notice that these conditions are not mentioned for wudhū. Thus, these are irfani (spiritual) conditions of wudhū, and not necessarily fiqhi (jurisprudential). 5
Benefits of doing wudhū ق ال رسول اهلل )ص(: أ م ا أ ن ت ي ا أ خ ا ث ق يف ف إ ن ك ج ئ ت ت س أ ل ن ع ن و ض وئ ك و ص ل ت ك و م ا ل ك ف يه م ا ف اع ل م أ ن ك إ ذ ا ض ر ب ت ي د ك ف ال م اء و ق ل ت ب س م الل ه الر ح ن الر ح ي م* ت ن اث ر ت الذ ن وب ال ت اك ت س ب ت ه ا ي د ا ك ف إ ذ ا غ س ل ت و ج ه ك ت ن اث ر ت الذ ن وب ال ت اك ت س ب ت ه ا ع ي ن اك ب ن ظ ر ه ا و ف وك ب ل ف ظ ه ف إ ذ ا غ س ل ت ذ ر اع ي ك ت ن اث ر ت الذ ن وب ع ن ي ين ك و ش ال ك ف إ ذ ا م س ح ت ر أ س ك و ق د م ي ك ت ن اث ر ت الذ ن وب ال ت م ش ي ت إ ل ي ه ا ع ل ى ق د م ي ك ف ه ذ ا ل ك ف و ض وئ ك. )من ال يحضره الفقيه ج 2 ص: 202 ( 6
Translation of the Hadith The Messenger of Allah (s) said: As for you, o brother (from) Thaqeef, you have come to ask me about your wudhū and salāt and what (benefits) you have in them. So know that when you put your hands in the water [container in order to perform wudhū] saying bismillahi-rrahmaanir-raheeem, all sins committed by your hand fall off. And when you wash your face all sins committed by your eyes through watching [evil things] and by your mouth through speaking [wrong words]fall off. When you wash your arms, the sins fall off from your right side and your left side. And when you perform masāh of your head and feet, all your sins to which your feet walked to, fall off. This is the (benefit) you get for performing your wudhū (Man lā yahadhuruh al-faqīh, 2:202) 7
Du ās when doing wudhū -1 Hadith: One who performs wudhū well and says following Du as, Allah will appoint an angel for every drop who will do tasbīh on his behalf till the Day of Resurrection. On seeing the water: ب س م الل ه و ا ل م د ل ل ه ال ذ ي ج ع ل ال م آء ط ه و ر ا و ل ي ع ل ه ن س ا In the name of Allah and all Praise is for Allah who made water pure and did not make it unclean 8
Du ās when doing wudhū -2 When putting the hand into the water, or when pouring water into the hand, say: ب س م اهلل و ب اهلل ا لله م اج ع ل ن م ن الت و اب ني و اج ع ل ن م ن ال م ت ط ه ر ي ن In the name of Allah, and by Allah: O Allah, make me amongst those who are repentant; and make me amongst those who purify themselves. (Cf. Holy Qur an 2:222) When gargling: ا لل ه م ل يق ن ح ج ت ي و م ا ل ق اك و ا ط ل ق ل س ا ن ب ذ ك ر ك O Allah, grant me the proof of my faith when I meet You, and loosen my tongue in Your remembrance 9
Du ās when doing wudhū -3 When rinsing the nose: ا لل ه م ل ت يرم ع ل ي ر ي ح ا ل ن ة و اج ع ل ن م ن ي ش م ر ي ه ا و ر و ح ه ا و ط ي ب ه ا O Allah, do not deprive me of the fragrance of Paradise, and make me from those who smell its scent, and its freshness, and its perfume When washing the face ا لل ه م ب يض و ج ه ي ي و م ت س و د ف ي ه ال و ج و ه و ل ت س يود و ج ه ي ي و م ت ب ي ض ف ي ه ال و ج و ه O Allah, brighten my face on the Day when You will make [some] faces dark, and do not darken my face on the day when You will make [some] faces bright (Cf. Holy Qur an 3:106 & 107) 10
Du ās when doing wudhū -4 When washing the right hand: ا لل ه م ا ع ط ن ك ت ا ب ب ي م ي ن و ا ل ل د ف ا ل ن ا ن ب ي س ار ي و ح اس ب ن ح س اب ا ي س ي ر ا O Allah, give me my Book in my right hand, and eternity in Paradise in my left hand, and make my accounting easy (Cf. Holy Qur an 17:71, 39:67, 69:19 & 84:7) When washing the left hand ا لل ه م ل ت ع ط ن ك ت ا ب ب ش م ا ل و ل ت ع ل ه ا م غ ل و ل ة ا ىل ع ن ق ي و ا ع و ذ ب ك م ن م ق ط ع ا ت النيي ر ا ن O Allah, do not give me my Book in my left hand, nor chain it to my neck, and I seek refuge in You from the parts of Fire (Cf. Holy Qur an 69:25) When doing masāh of the head ا لل ه م غ يش ن ب ر ح ت ك و ب ر ك ات ك و ع ف و ك O Allah, cover me with Your mercy, Your blessings and Your pardon 11
Du ās when doing wudhū -5 When doing masāh of the feet: ا لل ه م ث بيت ن ع لى ال يصر اط ي و م ت ز ل ف ي ه ا ل ق د ام و اج ع ل س ع ي ي ف ي م ا ي ر ض ي ك ع ي ن ي ا ذ ا ا ل ل ل و ا ل ك ر ام O Allah, keep me firm on the Bridge on the day when feet will slip, and make my efforts be in that which pleases You; O the owner of Majesty and Beneficence. Upon completion of wudhū say: ا لله م ا ي ن ا س ئ ل ك ت ام الو ض و ء و ت ام الص ل ة و ت ام ر ض و ان ك و ا ل ن ة O Allah, I ask for perfection in wudhū, perfection in salāt and Your complete pleasure, and Paradise. Then say: هلل ر يب ال ع ال م ني followedا ل م د by recitation of Sūrat al- Qadr three (3) times. 12