History (Dynasties of Deccan from Ancient Times) SATAVAHANAS Started practice of granting tax free villages to Brahmanas First reference of land grant. Simuka Founder of Satavahana dynasty Gautamiputra Satkarni (106-130 CE) evived the fortunes of Satavahanas by dislodging Shaka Kshatrapas of Western India Vashishthiputra Pulumayi (130-154 CE) Married to daughter of udradaman Yajna Sri Satakarni (165-194 CE) Lover of trade and navigation, motif of ship o his coins Hala Wrote Gatha Shaptashati is in the maharashtri Prakrit. THE VAKATAKAS OF THE DECCAN Vindyashakti (250-270 CE) Founder of Vakataka Pravarasena Actual foundation 2 branches From Nandivardhana (1)
udrasena I (340-365 CE) Grandson of Pravarasena Prithvisena I (365-390 CE) Married his son to Chandragupta II daughter Prabtavati Gupta udrasena II (390-398 CE) Died early and Prabtavati Gupta ruled as regent THE WESTEN CHALUKAS OF BADAMI Pulkeshin I (535-566 CE) Pulkeshin II (610-642 CE) Defeated Harshavardhana and this mentioned in Aihole Inscription Annexed Vengi from Pallavas and placed under his brother vishnuvardhana Defeated Pallava king Mahendravarman I but was defeated by Narsimhavarman Vikramaditya I (655-680 CE) Pushed Pallavas out of Badami Took title of ajamalla Vikramaditya II (733-743 CE) Kirtivarman II (743-757 CE) Defeated by ashtrakuta king Dantidurga ASHTAKUTAS Dantidurga (733-756 CE) Earlier feudatory of Chalukyan king Kirtivarman II Helped his father in law Pallava king Nandivarman to regain Kanchi from Chalukayas Krishna I (756-744 CE) Built Kailashnath temple at Ellora Dhruva (780-793 CE) Defeated both Pratihara king Nagabhatta I and Vatsaraja (2)
Also defeated Dharampala (of Pala dynasty) Govind III (793-814 CE) Defeated Pratihara king Nagabhatt II Amoghvarsha I (814-878 CE) Built new capital at Manyakheta Wrote - Kavirajamarga (Earliest Kannada work on poetics) and Prashnattara atnamalika (Sanskrit work) Often considered 'Ashoka of South' and also compared with Vikramaditya of Gupta dynasty Longest serving king of India Persued peaceful policy and promoted Jainism Indra III (914-929 CE) Defeated Pratihara king Mahipala I Krishna III (939-967 CE) Last great ashtrakuta ruler Defeated Chola king Parantaka I Installed a pillar of victory at ameshwaram asthrakutas were defeated in 972 AD by Western Chalukyas BAHMANI SULTANATE (C. 1347-1527 CE) Alauddin Hasen Bahman Shah (1347-1358 CE) Founder of Bahmani, laid capital at Gulbarga Taj-ud-din Firoz Shah (1397-1422 CE) Invaded Vijaynagara with victories in 1398 and 1406 CE but suffered defeat in 1420 CE at the hands of Devaraya I Well acquainted with religious and natural sciences Build an observatory near Daultabad Ahmad Shah Wali (1422-1435 CE) Shifted capital from Gulbarga to Berar Had association with Sufi saint Gesu Daraz (3)
Humayun Shah (1458-1461 CE) Appointed Mahmud Gawan, an able minister under whom Bahmani kingdom reached its peak, and after Gawan execution, Bahmani Sultanate disintegrated in - 1. Nizam Shahis of Ahmadnagar Founded by Ahmad Bahri and later annexed by Shah Jahan 2. Adil Shahis of Bijapur Founded by Yusuj Adil Shah and annexed by Aurangzeb Mohd. Adil Shah built world's second largest dome (Gol Gumbaz of Bijapur) 3. Imad Shahis of Berar Founded by Fatullah Khan and alter annexed by Nizam Shahis of Ahmadnagar 4. Qutub Shahis of Golconda Founded by Quli Qutub Shah, who built Golconda fort Mohd. Quli Qutub Shah built 'Charminar' and city of Hyderabad Annexed by Aurangzeb 5. Barid Shahis of Berar Founded by Ali Barid and annexed by Adil Shahi of Bijapur MAATHAS Shivaji Bhonsle (1674-1680 CE) Father was Shahji Bhonsle (military commander under Nizam Shahi ruler of Ahmadnagar who after its fall, transferred his services to Bijapur) Mother - Jija Bai Battle of Pratapgarh (1659 CE) - Afzal Khan - killed by Shivaji tiger claws - Shivaji - won Battle of Kolhapur (Alarmed Aurangzeb) - General ustamjaman - got defeated - Shivaji - won Treaty of Purandar (1665) (4)
- Marathas (had to surrender forts) - Mughals - favoured egained most of the territories and adopted title of 'Chattrapati' (1674 CE) Had 'Ashtapradhan' model of cabinet ministers and 'Peshwa' - chief minister Adopted Guerilla warfare tactics Was able statesman and administrator Sambhaji (1681-1689 CE) Gave shelter to rebellious prince Akbar, son of Aurangzeb and thus perished in the struggle Wife Yeshubai could not protect fort of aigarh and was imprisoned along with her son Shahu by Mughals Shahu was released after Aurangzeb Death ajaram (1689-1707 CE) Brother of Sambhaji, who claimed ruling on behalf of imprisoned prince Shahu After ajaram death, his widow Tarabai, assumed control in name of her son Shivaji II Shahu (1707-1749 CE) eleased by Shah Alam I on advice of Zulfiqar Khan to initiate a civil war among Marathas In 1719 CE, on advice of Balaji Vishwanath killed Farrukhsiyar and got his mother released Got Swaraj in Maratha land ajaram II Power of Chhatrapati totally overshadowed by power of Peshwa IMPOTANT PESHWAS amachandra Pant Amatya (1689-1708 CE) When ajaram fled to Jinji in 1689 CE, he gave hukumat panha to him Balaji Vishwanath (1613-1720 CE) Did hereditaryship of post of Peshwa Dethroned Farrukhsiyar Baji ao I (1720-1740 CE) Most glorious and famous Peshwa (5)
Never lost a battle Expanded Maratha empire Maratha confederacy got prominence Balaji Baji ao I / Nana Saheb I (1740-1761 CE) (6) Shahu died and supreme power passed to Peshwa 3 rd battle of Panipat - Marathas (defeated) and Ahmad Shah Abdali Madhava ao (1761-1772 CE) estored a lot of kingdom in a short span of 11 years but died early due to tuberculosis Division of Marathas Peshwas - Poona Holkars - Indore Bhonsle - Nagpur Scindia - Gwalior Gaekwad - Baroda After his death, struggle of power between aghunath ao (younger brother of Nana Saheb) Narayan ao (younger brother of Madhav ao) Sawai Madhav ao (1772-1795 CE) Son of Naryan ao Had support of able administrator Nana Phadnavis (who died in 1800 CE) aghunath ao went to British for help and 1 st Anglo Maratha war (1775-1782 CE) Battle of Talegaon (1776) - Nana Phadnavis defeated British and Treaty of Purandhar (1776 CE) Treaty of Salbai (1782 CE) - gave British respite of 20 years Treaty of Bassein (1802 CE) Marathas lost their territories to British Third anglo maratha war (1818) - British won Much discussed Bhima-koregaon Battle fought in third anglo Maratha war. 1818-1947 Most of Deccan, ruled under British and Princely states. Some of able administrators - Elphinstone (1819-1827) - Shahu Maharaj (1899-1922)
Satvahana (1 st century BCE 2 nd century AD) Vakataka (250 AD - 500 AD) Chalukya (543-753 AD) Easten Westen Vengi-Capital (624-1061 AD) Badami Capital Yadav (830-1333) Hoysala (1026-1343) ashtrakuta (753-972 AD) Bahamani and its five branches (1336-1682) Maratha admin (1674-1818) British admin (1818-1947) (7)