V o l u m e 1, I s s u e 1 S e p t e m b e r 2 5, 2 7 B. C. By Romans For Romans REMEMBERING OUR THE DIVINE JULIUS 17 YEARS Pompey) but rashly attempted to seize control of Octavian's victorious legions. Octavian I n s i d e t h i s i s s u e : unilaterally expelled Lepidus from the Triumvirate. Inside Story 1 Afterwards tensions reached a Op-Ed 2 boiling point between the two remaining Triumvirs. The masterful Augustus convinced Personal Interview 3 Assassination of Caesar March 15th 44 B.C. Theatre of Pompey AFTER HIS DEATH moon, and this had resulted in a great deal of disorder. Caesar The Roman political system replaced this calendar was, of course, shaken to its roots by Caesar s death at the hands of the conspirators. with the Egyptian calendar, which was regulated by the sun. Many important Tribunes, the Senate to declare war against Antony s lover, Cleopatra VII of Egypt. The righteous forces of Augustus defeated those of Antony during the battle of Actium. Antony fled with Cleopatra back to Egypt where they both committed suicide. Advertisement & Entertainment 4 Obituary & Activities 5 Crossword Puzzle 6 Dedication 7 Consuls, Censors, and other After his death and before the officials either fled Rome or were killed in the political reign of Augustus, much of Caesar s benevolent reforms (Military) purges initiated by the grieving Augustus soon after Caesar s death. These gaps in the government later would cause our divine Augustus much trouble and worry. Before his death, Caesar began a series of ambitious, sweeping reforms of the Roman government. Caesar ordered a census be taken, which forced a reduction in the grain dole. Caesar also passed a sumptuary law that restricted the purchase of certain luxuries. After this, Caesar passed a law that rewarded families for having many children, to speed up the repopulation of our warravaged Republic. The calendar at the time was regulated were forgotten only to be revisited during the enlightened reign of our Augustus. After the Battle of Phillipi, the members of the Second Triumvirate agreed to divide the provinces of the Republic into spheres of influence. Octavian took control of the West, Antony of the East, and Lepidus of Hispania and Africa. The Second Triumvirate was ultimately unstable and could not withstand internal jealousies and ambitions. Antony detested Augustus and spent most of his time in the East, while Lepidus favored Antony but felt himself obscured by both his colleagues. Consequently, Lepidus cooperated in Octavian's campaign The wars caused by Caesar s death bled the armies of Rome dry. These wars, fought between opposing Roman forces, depleted the Legions usually reserved to safeguard against foreign invasion. In the years before the reign of Augustus, many of the outlying provinces had their stationed forces recalled to pacify the domestic threat posed first by Brutus and Cassius and then Mark Antony. The barbaric tribes, galvanized by this lack of opposition, once again encroached upon Roman lands. Much of the Provinces of Germania, Africa, and Hispania shrunk in size as their Militias were forced back by the fierce invaders. S p e c i a l p o i n t s o f i n t e r e s t : Why Caesar did not deserve to die Octavian s first interview as Rome s emperor Op-ed from angry Roman citizen Entertainment as you have never read it before Activities that will leave you mind blown by the movement of the against Pompeius (son of Continued on Page 6. 1
V o l u m e 1, I s s u e 1 S e p t e m b e r 2 5, 2 7 B. C. By Romans For Romans G l o r y O n c e A g a i n! Assassination of Caesar March 15th 44 B.C. Theatre of Pompey Octavian battled against each other which is the reason why peace is brought home once again. Everyone is glad that the terrible events have concluded and now the Great Octavian is emperor. Rome has submerged from the darkness and has risen to the glory once again. Thank you for your time and consideration. What Readers have been saying about Caesar Praise the Heavens Caesar is dead. If Caesar was still alive who knows what Rome would be today. Dear Readers, The era of Civil War is OVER! My name is Lucius Claudius and I am here to tell everyone that we are FREE! Rome is free once again! Free of the fear and anger everyone has had for the past 17 years. Free of the enslavement and hatred! FREE! It took approximately 17 years of battles, blood, resentment, and hatred to finally end the blood and have peace once again. A lot of events have taken place in the past 17 years which has all led to Octavian s reign of not only Rome but Egypt as well, but it all started with the assassination of Julius Caesar. Many of you will recall that approximately 17 years ago Julius Caesar was assassinated by cowardly men that have taken their life away shortly after killing Caesar. Among those men some will recall Brutus, Cassius, Casca, and others that have been forgotten over time. Caesar s death marked the beginning of the grisliness that loomed ahead of Rome. Some might still argue that if Caesar had not been killed there would have been no reason at all to the civil war that took place but ask yourselves this where would Rome be under Caesar s rule? Rome would be the same as it was which is to say, having our country be ruled by an arrogant man. Caesar was an arrogant man because Caesar blindly trusted the men that had a hand on Caesar s death. Caesar blindly confided in others and in a leader it would have led to terrible deeds along the way. Caesar was loved by many but hated by some and ultimately that hate and envy led to the death of Caesar. Some might recall the battle that took place between Brutus and Cassius against Marc Antony and Octavian which Marc Antony and Octavian won with little effort on their part. Recently Marc Antony and Yours truly, Lucius Claudius ROMES EMPEROR Great Octavian Octavian is as strong as a boulder. Caesar was loyal to Rome but in the end Caesar got butchered. Caesar deserved to die! Who is Caesar? Why is Caesar s assassination a big deal? SO what that Caesar died Now Octavian is our leader. 2
V o l u m e 1, I s s u e 1 S e p t e m b e r 2 5, 2 7 B. C. By Romans For Romans I n t e r v i e w w i t h O c t a v i a n Now I d like to welcome Augustus Octavian to the stage to discuss the tragic death of his father Julius Caesar. Octavian- Glad to be here. So how has the aftermath of your father, Julius Caesar, assassination affected you? Octavian- My father s death has really affected my life. My family was in turmoil for a long time, and the grieving has yet to cease. I doubt it ever will. I have seen the destruction from all the wars, for example all the houses burned down and crops destroyed. There isn t a day that goes by that I wish my father had not been killed, for me, for my family, and for the Roman people. Can you tell me about your relationship with your father? Octavian We were close as we could be. I have always looked up to him; he was the good Father and Son Julius Caesar and Octavian Thurinus kind of crazy. How was it being the child of a ruler? Octavian- It was difficult at times. My father was not around as much as most fathers are with their kids; however he was ruler because of the incredible person my father was and I had the privilege of not only having my home country be ruled by an amazing person but also having him as my father. You have just been titled emperor, how does this make you feel? Octavian It makes me feel motivated and happy. I can do what my father would have done for this country, but could not in the end. I fought for this position for the good of Rome and I fought so that I could carry on the legacy of my father. So, tell me about the battle of Actium on your way to power. Rumors flew everywhere at that time, what is your side of the story? Octavian- I was outraged. Antony cheated on my sister Octavia and then divorced her. He was so power hungry. He deserved to be defeated. Antony cheating on my sister was the last straw. Some would say that Caesar was also a power hungry man. Do you agree with this statement? Octavian Absolutely not. My father had never done anything to prove that he was power hungry. Would a power hungry man give drachmas and land to the citizens in his will? Would a power hungry man tell the Roman people that they could kill him if they did not believe his intentions were good? And lastly, would a power hungry man refuse the crown three times? He did not want the power, nor did he need it. The people respected my father. The conspirators were basing my father s assignation off of what they thought my father might do. They had no legitimate evidence that my father would have become a tyrant. What Reader s have been saying about Rome s new emperor. The great Octavian is just what Rome needed Thank the Heavens that Antony is dead Rome is saved by Octavian Octavian is the most honorable man of Rome Long Live Octavian Caesar is still dearly missed What is next for Rome? What are Octavian s plans for Rome? I love Octavian! 3
B y F o r Fellow Countrymen! Are you ready? Ripping heads since before Caesar died! Advertisement Heading Gladiator Fight! When: October 3rd 27 B.C. Why: To Rip Each Others Heads Off Mail to: Your personal office or loving home Gladi ator If you are interested in participating please let the great Marticulous know before hand of the fight. EVERYONE IS WELCOMED GET READY TO FIGHT Attention Romans List your featured items Robes! Sandals! & More! Come Check it Out! Before everything leaves the store Stylize and Accessorize! New Store Opening! Now very close to all the honorable Romans, Genesis Robes is opening to dress and stylize all gals and guys to the hundreds and sky s of Rome. Monday-Friday:9:00 a.m.-9:00 p.m. Saturday-Sunday:10:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m. Genesis F i g h t! F i g h t! Augustus Octavian Roman Emperor celebrating victory The Ludi held last week in honor of Augustus Octavian s new titles of Augustus and Princeps met with glowing reviews and accolades. The games included gladiator fights, horse races (ludi circenses), Animal exhibitions with mock hunts (venationes) and theatrical performances (ludi scaenici) also became part of the festivals. Honored Augustus seemed to see the gladiator fights most favorably, looking quite pleased with the spectacle at all times. By his order, the coliseum floor was flooded with water and ten gladiator fought amongst themselves aboard two small Triremes. Many are of the opinion that this was meant to celebrate Augustus Octavian s great victory over the forces of Mark Antony and Cleopatra during the mighty naval battle of Actium. Nevertheless, most Citizens saw this as great sport. 4
Roman Word Search B y F o r Et Tu Brute? O b i t u a r y - C i n n a t h e P o e t CINNA THE POET Cinna the poet with some of Romans people hours prior to Cinna s death Gaius Helvius Cinna, a well-known poet and the author of Smyrna a poem that is considered a work of art. Cinna fought in Bithynia s army during 66 BC and though he was a war hero loved by the people he chose to go to Rome with his good friend Parthenius. Cinna a great poet and a better friend because of this he had many friends and very few enemies although some did not like him no one wanted him murdered. Cinna has been immortalized though his many works and the works of others. Cinna is a common name he shared with many even a conspirator who helped kill Julius Caesar the previous ruler of Rome or the fact that Antony the future enemy of Augustus started a riot that caused our beloved poet to die. The blame could rest in Brutus s or Antony s hands but they both killed him together like the great Caesar. For more information contact The Roman Tribute headquarteers. 5
Roman Crossword Puzzle B y F o r Only during the present reign of Augustus has there been success in the reclamation of these territories. (Economic) After Caesar s death, Rome s economy was on the verge of collapse. As one of the wealthiest men in Rome, Caesar had made many alliances and trade agreements. Many of these were destroyed by Caesar s death and thus tore holes in the delicate fabric of Roman trade. Due to conscription used to fight the Roman Civil Wars, many well established trade routes were made unsafe. This caused much economic upheaval for both the lower and upper classes of Rome. 6
B y F o r ROMES EMPEROR Augustus Octavian DEDICATION PAGE For Romans by Romans Dedicated to All the people that have lost their lives in the past 17 years To the conspirators that without them Rome would not be how it is today To Rome s people... And lastly to Caesar, may you rest in peace and happiness... THANK YOU Everyone 7