Is The Bible Reliable Scientifically? Dr. Heinz Lycklama

Is The Bible Reliable Scientifically? Dr. Heinz Lycklama heinz@osta.com www.osta.com/apologetics

Is The Bible Reliable Scientifically? Scientific Statements in the Bible Accurate? Reliability of the Bible Established By: Prophecy, history, geography, archaeology Laws of Science and the Bible Scientific Statements/Anticipation in the Bible Astronomy, geophysics, geology, hydrology Meteorology, oceanography, physics, biology Alleged Scientific Errors in the Bible Scientific Disciplines Established By Bible-believing Scientists Conclusions @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 2

To Begin the Discussion In 1903, a British philosopher, Herbert Spencer, made a profound scientific statement: Everything in the universe can be explained by five basic things - space, matter, time, force, and action. Spencer, an evolutionist, was a contemporary of Charles Darwin, the British scientist credited with popularizing the concept of evolution. He (Spencer) was given a prestigious award by the British Science Society at the time. This was considered to be a major contribution to science. And it is, until you realize that @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 3

What Does The 1 st Bible Verse Say? Moses, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, wrote in Gen. 1:1, In the beginning (time) God (force) created (action) the heavens (space) and the earth (matter). What makes this even more remarkable is the fact that Moses was educated in the tradition of the Egyptians. They believed that only the ocean existed at first. An egg/flower appeared and the sun god was born. The sun god had four children, of whom one was Geb (the earth). They believed that the earth was a flat disk afloat on the river of the ocean. None of this mythology of the time was included in the book of Genesis. @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 4

Some Common Misconceptions Skeptics and unbelievers think: The Bible is an antiquated religious book, filled with scientific fallacies and mistakes reflecting the naïve cosmology of the primitive tribes of the Near East. Even some professing Christians think: The Bible is a book of true religion dealing solely with spiritual subjects and that, where it seems to touch on matters of science and history, it must be interpreted spiritually or allegorically, rather than literally. Evolution is Science Creation is Religion @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 5

Can I Believe The Bible? Ps. 103:12, as far as the east is from the west, so far does he remove our transgressions from us. The psalmist used the words East/West not North/South When one travels west, one always goes west and never gets to the east When one travels south, eventually one reaches the South Pole and goes north These concepts are only true if the earth is round! How could the author have known this? @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 6

Believing The Bible There are many evidences for the existence of God and the truth of the Bible However, for someone committed to naturalism, no amount of evidence will do Apologetics is not for proving the Word of God but simply for providing a basis for faith (Josh McDowell) 1 Peter 3:15, and always be ready to give a defense to everyone who asks you a reason for the hope that is in you, with meekness and fear. True faith satisfies both the heart and the intellect (mind) @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 7

Arguments for God s Existence The Cosmological Argument everything has a cause; God is the initial First Cause The Moral Argument our sense of moral values points to the existence of a moral Creator The Teleological Argument evidence of design and purpose in the world point to intelligent creator, as a watch indicates a watchmaker The Ontological Argument the concept of God as the greatest conceivable and necessary Being Note that neither the Bible nor Jesus try to prove the existence of God - they assume it @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 8

The Creation Shows God Rom. 1:20, Because what may be known of God is manifest in them, for God has shown it to them. For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal power and Godhead, so that they are without excuse. Knowing that there must be God obliges us to seek Him @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 9

The Reliability of the Bible Strong Manuscript evidence More ancient manuscripts than any other historical book. New Testament Confirmed by secular historians Josephus (before 100 AD), Roman Tacitus (120 AD), Roman Governer Pliny (110 AD) Archaeological evidence Countless finds of Old and New Testament cities, sites and relics Prophecy Several hundred fulfilled prophesies including the time of Christ s ministry, his birthplace, and method of death. Destruction of Babylon by Cyrus, Progression of Kingdoms from Babylon through Medo-Persian Empire, the Greek Empire and the Roman Empire, suffering of Jews under Antiochus IV Epiphanes, Freedom for Jews under Judas Maccabeus and Israel s rebirth as a nation in 1948 @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 10

Arguments To Support The Bible Unparalleled reliability and accuracy of the historical text of the Bible Confirmation of the events, places, nations, and people of the Bible by archaeology It is unique in many ways (written over 1,500 year span, over 40 authors maintaining harmony and continuity, survival through time, influence on society, unique teachings, etc.) Fulfilled prophecy @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 11

The Manuscript Evidence When compared against classical literature, the historical reliability of the Bible is outstanding Number of manuscripts: NT 24,000; Iliad by Homer 643 Time between when written and earliest copy: NT 25 years; Iliad 500 years OT accuracy verified by the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Ebla Tablets @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 12

It s A Matter of the Heart Einstein said Science without religion is lame; religion without science is blind. Romans 1:20, For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal power and Godhead, so that they are without excuse. Psalm 139:13-16, For You formed my inward parts; You covered me in my mother's womb. I will praise You, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made; Marvelous are Your works, And that my soul knows very well. John 3:16, For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life. @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 13

What is The Absolute Truth? @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 14

Be Sure of Your Facts There are no historical or scientific errors in the Bible There are no scientific errors because God cannot lie We believe in the full, verbal inspiration, inerrancy and infallibility of the Holy Scriptures The Bible is written in everyday language Bible writers used the language of appearance, e.g. sunrise, sunset, dew When the sun rises would you say my what a beautiful earth rotation? @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 15

Be Sure of Your Facts - 2 Science has never disproved any statement in the Bible, but it has proven and demonstrated the truth of hundreds of things which the Bible anticipated, e.g. Gen. 1:1 space, matter, time, force, action Ps. 103:12 as far as the east is from the west We must be sure of Our scriptural facts, Our scientific facts, and What we heard @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 16

Scriptural Facts Dr. Criswell advertised that he would give anybody $1000 if he could show him a scientific inaccuracy, mistake, or error in the Bible Woman called to say: Apples cannot grow in the Mesopotamian Valley Apples only grow in OR and WA I know it s true because my professor told me so! Gen. 3:2-3, And the woman said to the serpent, We may eat the fruit of the trees of the garden; but of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God has said, 'You shall not eat it, nor shall you touch it, lest you die.'" Lesson check your facts! @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 17

Scientific Facts Dan. 12:4, But you, Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book until the time of the end; many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall increase. An explosion of knowledge in the last days 90% of all scientists are living today Increased knowledge > 100K scientific periodicals, many specialties > 2000 words per minute are being added Earth satellites collect 10^12 bits of data per day No one can claim to be an authority in general @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 18

Scientific Facts - 2 Much new knowledge obsoletes old knowledge Scientists or liberals may try to harmonize teachings of Genesis with contemporary science What if we updated the Bible in accordance with the latest scientific theories and discoveries? The Bible is constant Science changes theories based on observed events or facts @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 19

What Did We Hear? Communication, especially miscommunication, can lead to misperceptions Story of the cake decorator: Bride told her to put the words of 1 John 4:18 There is no fear in love on cake Decorator heard John 4:18 and put these words on cake you have had five husbands @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 20

Should We Change The Bible To Agree With Science? @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 21

Laws of Science and The Bible Law of biogenesis life comes only from life 1 st Law of Thermodynamics the law of conservation of mass / energy (E = mc 2 ) 2 nd Law of Thermodynamics the law of entropy, (in a closed or open system): Spontaneous processes lead to a decrease in order Energy moves to a lower potential, becoming less available to do work Things move in a direction from order to chaos Law of Cause and Effect every effect must have a cause. The effect cannot be greater, in size or in kind, than the cause Gen. 1 Gen. 2:1-3 Rom. 8:22 Gen. 1:1 @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 22

Law of Biogenesis Life comes only from preexisting life Experiments run over two centuries Louis Pasteur, Redi, Spellanzani Spontaneous origin of life impossible: Miller s experiment made wrong assumptions about early earth s environment Organic molecules oxidized by oxygen Probability of protein formation by chance is less than 1 in 10**130, i.e. ZERO/ZIP/NONE Simple cell requires 100 s of protein molecules in a specific order @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 23

1 st Law of Thermodynamics Gen. 2:2-3, on the seventh day God ended His work which He had done. in it He rested from all His work which God had created and made. Neh. 9:6,.. You have made heaven, The heaven of heavens, with all their host, And You preserve them all. Col. 1:16,17, For by Him all things were created that are in heaven and that are on the earth All things were created through Him and for Him. And He is before all things, and in Him all things consist. Heb. 1:2,3 by His Son, whom He has appointed heir of all things, through whom also He made the worlds; who being the brightness of His glory and upholding all things by the word of His power, when He had by Himself @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 24

2 nd Law of Thermodynamics Ps. 102:25-27, Of old You laid the foundation of the earth, And the heavens are the work of Your hands. They will perish, but You will endure; Yes, they will all grow old like a garment; Like a cloak You will change them, And they will be changed. Consistent with entropy everything runs down Is. 51:6, Lift up your eyes to the heavens, and look on the earth beneath. For the heavens will vanish away like smoke, the earth will grow old like a garment, Rom. 8:20-22, For we know that the whole creation groans and labors with birth pangs together until now. 1 Pet. 1:24-25 All flesh is as grass, and all the glory of man as the flower of the grass. The grass withers, and its flower falls away, but the word of the Lord endures forever. @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 25

Law of Cause and Effect Gen. 1:1, In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Every effect must have a cause Cannot be greater than the cause The First Cause of the Universe must be an infinite, eternal, omnipotent, omniscient, omnipresent, personal, volitional, holy, loving being! @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 26

Biblical Reliability on Science We trust the Bible for spiritual truth Prophecy, history, geography, and archaeology confirm the truth of the Bible Do we trust the Bible for truth in science? Astronomy, geophysics, geology, hydrology, meteorology, oceanography, physics, biology There are many Biblical references to nature and natural processes Authors use everyday language Amazingly accurate Anticipatory scientific insights in the Bible @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 27

Astronomy The Sun Ps. 136:7-9 To Him who made great lights,...the sun to rule by day,... the moon and stars to rule by night... Scientifically accurate Gen. 1:16, Then God made two great lights: the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night. He made the stars also. Ps. 74:16... You have prepared the light and the sun. Did God create the light separate from the sun in the beginning? Gen. 1:3, Let there be light ; and there was light. @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 28

Astronomy The Moon Job 25:5, If even the moon does not shine... The moon itself is not a source of light Moon rocks filled with titanium, a better reflector than diamonds Ps. 89:37, It shall be established forever like the moon, even like the faithful witness in the sky. The moon itself is not a source of light, but a reflector of light from the sun The moon is not a source of light @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 29

Astronomy Size of Universe Is. 55:9 For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are My ways higher than your ways, Job 22:12 Is not God in the height of heaven? And see the highest stars, how lofty they are! Jer. 31:37 If heaven above can be measured, and the foundations of the earth searched out beneath, These three verses indicate the size of the universe Written around 700 BC @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 30

Astronomy Diverse Stars Jer. 31:35-36, Who gives the sun for a light by day, the ordinances of the moon and the stars for a light by night Defines the precision of orbits Praise to the Creator, contains no scientific error 1 Cor. 15:41, for one star differs from another star in glory. Variety of stars, no two stars alike God calls them by name (Ps. 147:4) @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 31

Astronomy The Number of Stars Gen. 15:5... count the stars, if you are able to number them. so shall your descendants be. Gen. 22:17 and multiplying I will multiply your descendants as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore Jer. 33:22 as the host of heaven cannot be numbered, nor the sand of the sea measured Ptolemy counted 1056 stars; Johannes Kepler counted 1005 Total number of stars visible to the naked eye is about 4000 These three verses seemed to be in scientific error until the telescope Today scientists estimate there are more than 10**22 stars (about the same order of magnitude as the number of grains of sand on the earth) @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 32

Stretched Out The Heavens Job 9:8, He alone spreads out the heavens Ps. 104:2, Who stretch out the heavens like a curtain. Is. 40:22, Who stretches out the heavens like a curtain, Is 51:13, Who stretched out the heavens and laid the foundations of the earth; God stretched the heavens out in the past, and still stretches the universe out today @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 33

Constellations Job 38:31 Can you bind the cluster of Pleiades, or loose the belt of Orion? God told Job in ~ 2000 BC that the seven stars of Pleiades were bound together and the stars of Orion are not Pleiades used to be called the seven sisters We learned [20 th century] that the stars of Pleiades are gravitationally bound and the stars of Orion are not @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 34

Geophysics Floating Spherical Earth Job 26:7,10, He stretches out the north over empty space; He hangs the earth on nothing. He drew a circular horizon on the face of the waters, at the boundary of light and darkness. Written about 2000 BC Indicates a round earth, consistent with observation Geocentric model ruled for 1500+ years Galileo (1564-1642) proposed heliocentric model @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 35

Ancient Myths About Earth Hindus earth carried by elephant standing on back of giant turtle Greeks Atlas carried world on shoulders Some scholars thought earth was flat and rested on pillars Earth myths not in the Bible @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 36

Spherical Earth Prov. 8:27,... When He drew a circle on the face of the deep. Indicates that the earth is a globe Is. 40:22, It is He who sits above the circle of the earth... chuwg, Hebrew word for arc, sphere 8 inch (20 cm.) per mile curvature on ocean surface Ps. 103:12, As far as the east is from the west Consistent with the shape of the earth @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 37

Floating Rotating Earth Job 38:12,14, Have you commanded the morning since your days began, and caused the dawn to know its place, It takes on form like clay under a seal, and stands out like a garment. The dawn rolls across the earth as it rotates A cylindrical seal rolled over soft clay -> conveys the rotation of the earth on its axis Job 26:7; 38:6, He stretches out the north over empty space; He hangs the earth on nothing. ; To what were its foundations fastened? Or who laid its cornerstone? Earth out in space, gravitation among the planets @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 38

Geology Job 14:18-19, But as a mountain falls and crumbles away, and as a rock is moved from its place; as water wears away stones, and as torrents wash away the soil of the earth; Rock erosion Job 28:9-10, He puts his hand on the flint; He overturns the mountains at the roots. He cuts out channels in the rocks Man s efforts in mining Runoff explained @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 39

Springs, Fountains of the Deep Gen. 7:11, on that day all the fountains of the great deep were broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened. Source of flood waters started Gen. 8:2, The fountains of the deep and the windows of heaven were also stopped, Source of flood waters stopped @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 40

Water Reservoirs of the Deep Ps. 33:7, He gathers the waters of the sea together as a heap; He lays up the deep in storehouses. Oceanic reservoir 2 Sam. 22:16, Then the channels of the sea were seen, the foundations of the world were uncovered, Valleys in the seas @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 41

Glaciers, Uniformitarianism Job 38:29-30, From whose womb comes the ice? And the frost of heaven, who gives it birth? The waters harden like stone, And the surface of the deep is frozen. Glacial period 2 Pet. 3:4, And saying, Where is the promise of His coming? For since the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of creation. Warning of Uniformitarianism? @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 42

Principle of Isostasy Is. 40:12, Who has measured the waters in the hollow of His hand, measured heaven with a span and calculated the dust of the earth in a measure? Weighed the mountains in scales and the hills in a balance? Ps. 104:5-9, Who laid the foundations of the earth Principle of Isostasy level of the Earth's crust is determined by its density; lighter material rises, forming continents, mountains, and plateaus; heavier material sinks, forming basins and ocean floors The Earth is balanced @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 43

Hydrology Eccl. 1:7, All streams run to the sea, but the sea is not full; to the place where the streams flow, there they flow again. [Solomon in 935 B.C.] The hydrologic cycle was understood by man only in the 17 th century 1100 billion gallons of water per hour flow into the sea sea does not fill up Is. 55:10, For as the rain and the snow come down from heaven and do not return there but water the earth, making it bring forth and sprout, giving seed to the sower and bread to the eater, World s food supply is made possible by the distribution of water @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 44

Electricity and Rain Ps. 135:7; Jer. 10:13, He causes the vapors to ascend from the ends of the earth, He makes lightning for the rain Evaporation occurs after a multitude of waters in the heavens descends Relation of electricity to rain Jer. 10:13, He makes lightning for the rain, He brings the wind out of His treasuries. Relation of electricity to rain @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 45

Clouds, Vapor, Rain Job 26:8; 37:11,16, He binds up the water in His thick clouds, yet the clouds are not broken under it. Also with moisture He saturates the thick clouds. Do you know how the clouds are balanced Condensation from the clouds, which hold water mysteriously Clouds can weigh billions of tons each Job 36:27-28, For he draws up the drops of water; they distill his mist in rain, which the skies pour down and drop on mankind abundantly. Evaporation Precipitation @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 46

Hydrologic Balance Job 28:25, When he gave to the wind its weight and apportioned the waters by measure, Wind has weight Air has weight and exerts pressure Only known since 1643 with invention of the barometer Average storm cloud weighs 10B tons At 45 Mph equal to 40 atomic bombs Relative weights of air and water needed for hydrologic cycle @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 47

Meteorology Eccl. 1:6, The wind goes toward the south and turns around to the north; the wind whirls about continually, and comes again on its circuit. Circulation of the atmosphere, not discovered until much later Wind circuits impact airplane flight times Is. 40:22, It is He who sits above the circle of the earth, and its inhabitants are like grasshoppers; who stretches out the heavens like a curtain and spreads them out like a tent to dwell in. Protective effect of atmosphere @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 48

Snow, Hail, Frost Job 38:22, Have you entered the treasury of snow or have you seen the treasury of hail Snow and hail Ps. 147:16, He gives snow like wool; He scatters the frost like ashes. Snow and frost @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 49

Oceanography Ps. 8:8, The birds of the air, and the fish of the sea that pass through the paths of the seas. Matthew Maury undertook research project based on this Scripture verse (1841-1861) There are paths in the sea Also aware of wind circuits in Eccl. 1:6-7 Concluded that there must be currents in the ocean Plotted wind circuits and ocean currents as an aid to navigation of the seas @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 50

Maury and Oceanography Gulf stream is a path in the sea 40 miles wide, 2000 feet deep Flows from Gulf of Mexico up through the Atlantic More paths in the sea discovered since Monument erected in Maury s home state of VA Matthew Fontaine Maury, Pathfinder of the Seas, the Genius Who First Snatched from the Ocean and Atmosphere the Secret of Their Laws. His Inspiration, Holy Writ, Psalm 8:8, Psalm 107:23-24, and Ecclesiastes 1:6." @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 51

Physics Heb. 1:3, upholding all things by the word of His power ; Col. 1:17, He is before all things, and in Him all things consist. Mass-energy equivalence (First Law of Thermodynamics) Heb. 11:3, By faith we understand that the worlds were prepared by the word of God, so that what is seen was not made out of things which are visible. Mass is manifestation of energy World s basic elements are the electron, proton, neutron, neutrino (not earth, air, water, fire - as thought by the early Greeks) @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 52

Sources of Light and Energy Gen. 1:14,17, let there be lights in the firmament of the heavens to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs and seasons, and for days and years. God set them in the firmament of the heavens to give light on the earth. Source of energy for the earth Ps. 19:6, Its rising is from one end of heaven, and its circuit to the other end; and there is nothing hidden from its heat. Sun is source of energy for the earth Sun moving at 600K mph around center of Milky Way galaxy @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 53

Radio Waves, Radiation 2 Pet. 3:10 But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night, in which the heavens will pass away with a great noise, and the elements will melt with fervent heat; both the earth and the works that are in it will be burned up. Atomic disintegration Job 38:35 Can you send out lightnings, that they may go, and say to you, Here we are!? Radio waves, electromagnetic radiation @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 54

Biology Gen. 1:26, let us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness; The uniqueness of man Gen 3:15, And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her Seed; A female possesses the seed of life Not common knowledge until a few centuries ago Prov. 16:24, Pleasant words are like a honeycomb, sweetness to the soul and health to the bones. Psychotherapy @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 55

Biology Nature of Flesh Gen. 1:11,24-27; 3:19, In the sweat of your face you shall eat bread till you return to the ground; for out of it you were taken, for dust you are, and to dust you shall return. The chemical nature of flesh is evident from this 1 Pet. 1:24-25, all flesh is as grass, and all the glory of man as the flower of the grass. The grass withers, and its flower falls away. But the word of the Lord endures forever. Man returns to dust and his body is gone @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 56

Biblical Kinds Gen. 1:11-12, 21, 24-25, herb that yields seed according to its kind,, beast of the earth according to its kind. Indicates stability of different kinds Biogenesis, each producing after its own kind [used 10 times] What does the fossil record suggest? Stasis most species show no directional change; morphological change is limited and directionless Sudden appearance species do not appear gradually by steady change of its ancestors; they appear all at once and fully formed, e.g. Cambrian Explosion @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 57

Circulatory System Gen. 9:4 Only you shall not eat flesh with its life, that is, its blood. Life is in the blood, a medical statement Blood circulatory system, and importance of blood to life, were scientifically discovered by William Harvey in 1616 AD Lev. 17:11,14 For the life of the flesh is in the blood..., For as for the life of all flesh, its blood is identified with its life. Written by Moses ~ 1400 BC. Blood circulation, life in the blood Used to bleed a patient to remove a disease @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 58

Painless Surgery Gen. 2:21, And the Lord God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept; and He took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh in its place. God knew that the key to painless surgery was to put the patient to sleep. Until the 1800 s surgery was performed without anesthesia perfected by William Morton ~ 1846, inspired by Gen. 2:21. Anesthetic gases were discovered in early 1800 s. @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 59

Germs Cause Infection Lev. 11:40 He also who carries its carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until evening. God told Moses to wash after handling dead things (~ 1400 BC.) Until the 1800 s doctors handled the dead and then treated patients without washing. Phillip Semmelweiss proved that disease can be transferred by not washing after handling dead things (~ 1846 AD.) @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 60

The Immune System Gen. 17:12, He who is eight days old among you shall be circumcised, every male child in your generations, he who is born in your house or bought with money from any foreigner who is not your descendant. Eighth day is the only day in the entire life of the newborn that the blood clotting element prothrombin is above 100% Medical science has discovered that this is when the immune system is at its peak @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 61

Proper Nutrition Gen. 2:9, And out of the ground the Lord God made every tree grow that is pleasant to the sight and good for food. Gen. 9:3, Every moving thing that lives shall be food for you. And as I gave you the green plants, I give you everything. Ps. 104:14, He causes the grass to grow for the cattle, and vegetation for the service of man, that He may bring forth food from the earth. Superiority of vegetables over meat, Dan. 1:12-15 @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 62

Value of Proper Nutrition God designed plant life to be nutritional The Psalmist recognized the benefits of the grass and herbs In the mid 1700 s James Lind discovered the benefits of vitamin C, e.g. cures scurvy In the late 1800 s Christian Eijkman discovered the benefits of thiamine, e.g. cures beriberi Good nutrition can cure and prevent diseases, e.g. heart, cancer Modern guidelines: vegetables, fruit, grains, nuts @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 63

Were You There? @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 64

Alleged Scientific Errors in Bible 1 Kings 7:23, Then he made the sea of cast metal. It was round, ten cubits (1 cubit = 18 ) from brim to brim, and five cubits high, and a line of thirty cubits measured its circumference. A measurement in Solomon s Temple All engineers know that the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter is pi, i.e. 3.14159 1 Kings 7:26, thickness was a handbreadth, By including brim thickness (4 inches) in calculation of circumference, value of pi is correct, i.e. 30 * 18 / (10 * 18 4 4) = 540/172 = 3.14 @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 65

Four Corners of the Earth Rev. 7:1 four corners of the earth The phrase four corners in the Greek means four quarters Translated this way in Rev. 20:8 and other Scriptures Four quadrants, or four cardinal directions: north, south, east, west Common language used in surveying and mapping today Does not imply a flat earth! @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 66

The Circuit of the Sun Ps. 19:6 [The sun s] rising is from one end of the heaven, and its circuit to the other end, Convention used by astronomers and cartographers even today We measure the motion of the sun, moon and stars relative to the earth All heavenly bodies are in motion relative to each other Sun moves around center of Milky Way galaxy at 600,000 mph Sun does move within the universe @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 67

The Bible Is Unique The Bible is unique among religious books of antiquity in scientific accuracy The Bible contains some scientific statements that anticipate modern science The Bible contains no myths from the Egyptian, Greek, Roman cultures of the day There is no modern science in the Babylonian, Hindu, Islamic or Greek sacred books @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 68

Scientific Disciplines Established by Bible-Believing Scientists Discipline Scientist Astronomy Johann Kepler (1571-1630) Bacteriology Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) Chemistry Robert Boyle (1627-1691) Computer Science Charles Babbage (1792-1871) Dynamics Isaac Newton (1642-1727) Electrodynamics Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 69

Scientific Disciplines Established by Bible-Believing Scientists - 2 Discipline Scientist Electromagnetics Michael Faraday (1791-1867) Natural History John Ray (1627-1705) Oceanography Matthew Maury (1806-1873) Taxonomy Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) Thermodynamics Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 70

Notable Discoveries by Bible- Believing Scientists Contribution Scientist Barometer Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) Biogenesis Law Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) Classification System Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) Law of Gravity Isaac Newton (1642-1727) Scientific Method Francis Bacon (1561-1626) Telegraph Samuel Morse (1791-1872) Vaccination and Immunization Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 71

Biblical Worldview Presuppositions Nature is real, not imaginary Nature is a thing, not a god Nature is worth studying Nature is unified and orderly The natural order is mathematically precise Human minds can discover and understand the natural order The Soul of Science, Nancy Pearcey and Charles Thaxton @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 72

Conclusions The Bible is accurate when it speaks on science The Bible uses the language of the day The Bible anticipates future scientific truths Scientists have used the Bible to discover scientific truths Biblical worldview presuppositions are rational Modern science is founded on the biblical worldview The grass withers, the flower fades, but the word of our God stands forever. Is. 40:8 @ Dr. Heinz Lycklama 73