Surah Ar-Rahman (Ayah 37-42) Class 7 - April 20, 2013 [This is a transcript of a lecture given by Sister Eman al Obaid. We ask Allah subhana wa ta ala for His forgiveness and His Mercy. Anything that is good from these notes is from Allah subhana wa ta ala. Any mistakes & misrepresentations are my own. I ask Allah subhana wa ta ala for His forgiveness and to put forgiveness in the hearts of those who read them. JazakAllah Khairan.]
Surah Ar-Rahman (Ayah 37-42) Class 7 - April 20, 2013 Introduction Surah Ar- Rahman is all about Allah s Rahmah. Even the warnings mentioned in Surah Ar- Rahman are surrounded with Allah s Rahmah. (33-37 (Ayah تححددد ووو ااعججازز Ayah 37 It is Allah s Rahmah that no one knows about when the Day of Judgment will occur. In the Quran, there are different Ayat that mention details of what will happen on the Day of Judgment. Here in this Ayah, Allah tells us what will happen to the sky on the Day of Judgment. In this life the sky is created for the human being and its job is to serve us but on the Day of Judgment all of the seven skies will be torn open. This is because the skies are obeying Allah s command. When means ف ا ذذ اا means torn or split open. This is feminine ٱٱنش ق ت sky means ٱٱل سم ا ء like means is ف ك ان ت rose means وو رر دد ةة fluid means paint or thick ك ٱل دهھھھ انن 1
Ayah 38 So which of Allah s blessing you both deny? The above Ayah tells us about Day of Judgment so how is it a blessing? It is a blessing from Allah as it is matter of Unseen. Any news of the Unseen is blessing from Allah because we don t need to worry about the unseen matters of past and the future. We need to focus only on the Unseen that Allah mentioned in the Quran. Therefore the above Ayah is a blessing from Allah as it gives us the satisfaction and we do not have the curiosity to consult any other books to know about the Unseen matters. Also we see that on the Day of Judgment the sky, which is so strong will perish but the human being will survive though he is weak. This is because the human and the Jinn will be allowed to be there due to Allah s Rahmah. Knowing about the Day of Judgment benefits both the good doer and sinner. The good doer should thank Allah and ask Allah to keep him firm. As for the sinner it tells him that the doors of Allah s repentance are still open and he needs to hasten towards repentance. 2
Ayah 39 On the Day of Judgment there will chaos till Prophet SAW intercedes and asks Allah to start the Recompense. After which the angels will put everyone in rows. People will be waiting for the Angels to call their names. There are certain people ( 70,000 in number ) who will not have to wait in any queue and will enter Paradise without recalling or any punishment. Some scholars were asked how Allah would account everyone at the same time? The scholars replied Allah would account everyone at the same time just as how in this life Allah provides to everybody at the same time. People will feel the time but for Allah it will be very easy. On the Day of Judgment Allah will question everyone. Allah will screen people one to one and the judgment will also be passed one to one. There are people for whom the questioning (Hisaab) will be easy. For these people Allah will just go over the books very quickly and will pardon their sins. For others the Hisaab will be very detailed and the person will be asked about each and every blessing.. Judgment means `on that day (Day of ف يی و م ٮ ذ one means `no لا 3
passive. means to be asked This is يی س ٴ ل Surah Ar- Rahman (Ayah 37-42) about means ع ن sins means ذذ ن ب هھ ۦ Human means ا إ نس not means and وو لا Jinn means ج ا نن This Ayah tells us that on the Day of Judgment no body will be questioned or asked regarding his sins. However in Surah Hijr Ayah 92 Allah says: The above Ayah is affirming that Allah will question. In the above Ayah, Allah makes a swear that By your lord for sure ( affirming ) He will ask them all (whatever they did in their life). There is no contradiction in the Quran but if someone reads the Quran without faith it creates contradiction. How we see the two things together? Some places in the Quran it is mentioned that Allah will ask/question and in other place it is said Allah will not ask. Some Ayah negates and some affirms the questioning. Generally it can be understood that on the Day of Judgment Allah will not ask the Human and Jinn of their deeds as everything is known to him. This way of telling is actually a warning that Allah knows all that we do. Allah is the All Knower. This is one of the reasons why it is said that Allah will not ask anyone. In Surah Hijr when it is said that Allah will ask and question everyone about his or her deeds. This asking is again a warning. Allah does not need an answer from anyone. When it is mentioned that Allah will ask on the Day of Judgment, this is a type of scolding/ rebuke / punishment. The one who is called in front of Allah and will be questioned by Allah is infact a punishment / scolding. In Surah Ar- Rahman Allah negates the questioning as this Surah is about his Rahmah. 4
Ayah 40 After mentioning that no one will be questioned on the Day of Judgment, as Allah is All Knower it is said, So which of Allah s blessing you both deny? Now where is the blessing in this? This too is a mercy from Allah. He knows exactly what we did. Allah is the only one who will call us for accounts. It is a blessing that no one will be questioned as to what he did. So we need to now account ourselves in this life. We need to always be alert and not to be heedless. We are always worried about what is done to us and we mostly forget what we do. Whatever other people do will be on them. Allah is Knower of everything. The previous Ayah is a blessing as Allah is All Knower. If someone wrongs anyone then Allah will account him or her. We need to over look and be patient. We need to be concerned about our reaction, as we will be asked about what we did. Sometimes if our reaction is more then we will fail more than the other person. We rely on Allah that he will account whoever is wronging anyone. We do not need to worry about others, as Allah knows what they did. At the end everyone will go to Allah. If someone does wrong Allah will take his recompense. In Surah Al Mursalat it is said on the Day of Judgment no one will utter a word and no one will be allowed to make excuses. 5
Sometimes when others wrong us our reaction is more than the other person. We should react only if we can do the same, as that is justice. Ayah 41 mean they يی ع ر فف will be known This Ayah tells us why Allah does not need to question anyone. Why the criminals don t need to be questioned? This is because the criminals will be known by their faces. If one person does wrong and the other person does good Allah knows about it. As soon as a person commits a sin the effects will show on him. If one sins even a little bit he feels guilty. However if someone does not feel guilty then his heart is dead. Our heart is there to feel that we need Allah. Our heart is for submission to Allah. Scholars said good deeds are beauty on the heart and like a light on the face and sins have consequences of darkness on the heart and the same will show on his face. If a person feels sad due to his sins he should repent immediately. If a person does good he should not rely on his good deeds and ask Allah to keep him firm. 6
mean criminals Those who commit a crime. The crime is to disobey Allah ٱٱل م ج ر م ونن which means mark for recognition. The mark will be سيیما is for with. This is from بب The ب س يیم هھ م the face. This means with bad marks on their face The mark will be attached to them Even for the good doer the effect will be shown on his face. In Surah Al e Imran it is said that on the Day of Judgment some faces will be blackened and some faces will be white. Our face is the mirror to our inner. Those who commit crime commit against their own selves. Allah will not be harmed if anyone commits a crime. means then they will be taken This is in passive tense. This means they will be taken by force ف يی و خ ذ by Angels of Punishment. forehead. means ب ٱلن و ٲص ى feet. means وو ٱٱلا ق د اامم The criminals will be dragged by force, by their forelocks and feet, in order to be thrown in hell fire. Here it is mentioned that forelock and feet of the criminals will be dragged. Why the forelock? Because there is part of the forelock that can control lying. In another Ayah in the Quran it is said A lying sinning forelock. 7
When a person lies it takes too much energy. However there is no stress in truth. All the crimes involve lying. The biggest lie is to lie against Allah. When Allah tells us something and we disbelief this is lying. Also the feet are mentioned here as the criminals go to commit the sins with their feet. Ayah 42 So which of Allah s blessing you both deny?. This is blessing for people who are oppressed in this life. Therefore we must focus not to oppress anyone. If we do good then we need to attribute it to Allah and if we sin then we do not need to blame anyone but our self. If someone oppresses you then Allah will seize that person in punishment. We must worry about not harming anyone. When we do good to someone by helping them then we should not remind them of the favor as we are doing good to our self and not with the other person. Similaryly if we wrong someone then it may seem that we are harming them but infact we are harming our self as we will see its consequence on the Day of Judgment. 8