Standard Eurobarometer CD-ROM (Release: January 15, 2008)

Standard Eurobarometer CD-ROM 1970-2007 (Release: January 15, 2008) Standard Eurobarometer public opinion surveys are conducted on behalf of the European Commission's Eurobarometer Unit at least two times a year in all member nations of the European Union. Since the early seventies they are providing regular monitoring of social and political attitudes in the European publics. Eurobarometer data are made available for research and training purposes by the Social Science Data Archives. The data received from the data producers were checked, corrected, and formatted to archival standards since the beginning by the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), starting with Eurobarometer 34 in co-operation with the Central Archive for Empirical Social Research (since 2007 GESIS-ZA), and intermittently also supported by the Swedish Social Science Data Service (SSD). The data are comprehensively documented in English language on study and variable level. Unprocessed recent data sets are included after basic checks and adaptations as supplied to the archive by the data producers (see footnote on page 4). Some general information referring to the complete Eurobarometer holding is summarized in the present overview. Further and continuously updated information on the whole series and each individual study, including the access to the national field questionnaires in all language versions or up-to-date errata information, is available through the GESIS-ZA Eurobarometer web space: http://www.gesis.org/eurobarometer/

Technical Information The Eurobarometer CD-ROM compiles data and documentation for all standard and special topic Eurobarometer, including the early European Community Studies. Data and questions currently under embargo have been dropped. Overview by ZA study id number 0626 European Communities Study 1 February-March 1970 3651 European Communities Study 2 (GB) February-March 1970 0627 European Communities Study July 1971 0628 European Communities Study September-October 1973 0986 Eurobarometer 2 October-November 1974 0987 Eurobarometer 3 May 1975 0988 Eurobarometer 4 October 1975 0989 Eurobarometer 5 May-June 1976 0990 Eurobarometer 6 November 1976 0991 Eurobarometer 7 April-May 1977 0992 Eurobarometer 8 October-November 1977 0993 Eurobarometer 9 May-June 1978 0994 Eurobarometer 10 October-November 1978 0995 Eurobarometer 10A October-November 1978 1036 Eurobarometer 11 April 1979 1037 Eurobarometer 12 October 1979 1038 Eurobarometer 13 April 1980 1039 Eurobarometer 14 October-November 1980 1206 Eurobarometer 15 April 1981 1207 Eurobarometer 16 October-November 1981 1208 Eurobarometer 17 March-April 1982 1209 Eurobarometer 18 October 1982 1318 Eurobarometer 19 March-April 1983 1319 Eurobarometer 20 October 1983 1320 Eurobarometer 21 March-April 1984 1321 Eurobarometer 22 October-November 1984 1541 Eurobarometer 23 March-April 1985 1542 Eurobarometer 24 October-November 1985 1543 Eurobarometer 25 March-April 1986 1544 Eurobarometer 26 October-November 1986 1712 Eurobarometer 27 April 1987 1713 Eurobarometer 28 October-November 1987 2041 Eurobarometer 28.1 October-November 1987 1714 Eurobarometer 29 March-April 1988 1715 Eurobarometer 30 October-November 1988 1750 Eurobarometer 31 March-April 1989 1751 Eurobarometer 31A July 1989 1752 Eurobarometer 32 October-November 1989 1753 Eurobarometer 33 March-April 1990 1960 Eurobarometer 34.0 October-November 1990 2

1961 Eurobarometer 34.1 October-November 1990 1962 Eurobarometer 34.2 October-November 1990 2031 Eurobarometer 35.0 March 1991 2032 Eurobarometer 35.1 March 1991 2033 Eurobarometer 35.A (35.0+1) March 1991 2081 Eurobarometer 36 October-November 1991 2141 Eurobarometer 37.0 March-April 1992 2241 Eurobarometer 37.1 April-May 1992 2242 Eurobarometer 37.2 April-May 1992 2243 Eurobarometer 37.0+37.1 March-May 1992 2294 Eurobarometer 38.0 September-October 1992 2295 Eurobarometer 38.1 November 1992 2346 Eurobarometer 39.0 March-April 1993 2347 Eurobarometer 39.1 May-June 1993 2348 Eurobarometer 39.A (39.0+1) March-June 1993 2459 Eurobarometer 40 October-November 1993 2490 Eurobarometer 41.0 March-May 1994 2491 Eurobarometer 41.1 June-July 1994 2563 Eurobarometer 42 November-December 1994 2636 Eurobarometer 43.0 March-April 1995 2637 Eurobarometer 43.1 April-May 1995 2638 Eurobarometer 43.0+43.1 March-May 1995 2639 Eurobarometer 43.1bis May-June 1995 2689 Eurobarometer 44.0 October-November 1995 2690 Eurobarometer 44.1 November-December 1995 2789 Eurobarometer 44.2 Nov 1995 - Jan 1996 2828 Eurobarometer 44.2bis January-March 1996 2829 Eurobarometer 44.3 February-April 1996 2830 Eurobarometer 44.3OVR February-April 1996 2831 Eurobarometer 45.1 April-May 1996 2898 Eurobarometer 46.0 October-November 1996 2899 Eurobarometer 46.1 October-November 1996 2935 Eurobarometer 47.0 January-February 1997 2936 Eurobarometer 47.1 March-April 1997 2937 Eurobarometer 47.2 April-June 1997 2938 Eurobarometer 47.2OVR April-June 1997 2959 Eurobarometer 48.0 October-November 1997 3052 Eurobarometer 49 April-May 1998 3085 Eurobarometer 50.0 October-November 1998 3086 Eurobarometer 50.1 November-December 1998 3171 Eurobarometer 51.0 March-May 1999 3172 Eurobarometer 51.1 April-May 1999 3204 Eurobarometer 52.0 October-November 1999 3205 Eurobarometer 52.1 November-December 1999 3296 Eurobarometer 53 April-May 2000 3386 Eurobarometer 54.0 October-November 2000 3387 Eurobarometer 54.1 November-December 2000 3388 Eurobarometer 54.2 January-February 2001 3389 Eurobarometer 54LAN December 2000 3

3506 Eurobarometer 55.0 March-April 2001 3507 Eurobarometer 55.1 April-May 2001 3508 Eurobarometer 55.1OVR April-May 2001 3509 Eurobarometer 55.2 May-June 2001 3625 Eurobarometer 56.0 August-September 2001 3626 Eurobarometer 56.1 September-October 2001 3627 Eurobarometer 56.2 October-November 2001 3635 Eurobarometer 56.3 January-February 2002 3638 Eurobarometer 57.0 March-May 2002 3639 Eurobarometer 57.1 March-May 2002 3640 Eurobarometer 57.2 April-June 2002 3641 Eurobarometer 57.2OVR April-June 2002 3692 Eurobarometer 58.0 September-October 2002 3693 Eurobarometer 58.1 October-November 2002 3886 Eurobarometer 58.2 October-December 2002 3903 Eurobarometer 59.0 January-February 2003 (*) 3904 Eurobarometer 59.1 March-April 2003 (*) 3905 Eurobarometer 59.2 May-June 2003 (*) 3937 Eurobarometer 60.0 September 2003 3938 Eurobarometer 60.1 October-November 2003 3939 Eurobarometer 60.2 November-December 2003 3940 Eurobarometer 60.3 Nov 2003 Jan 2004 4056 Eurobarometer 61.0 February-March 2004 4229 Eurobarometer 62.0 October-November 2004 4230 Eurobarometer 62.1 October-December 2004 4231 Eurobarometer 62.2 November-December 2004 4233 Eurobarometer 63.1 January-February 2005 4234 Eurobarometer 63.2 February-March 2005 4411 Eurobarometer 63.4 May-June2005 4413 Eurobarometer 64.1 September-October 2005 (*) 4414 Eurobarometer 64.2 October-November 2005 (*) 4415 Eurobarometer 64.3 November-Dec 2005 (*) 4416 Eurobarometer 64.4 Dec 2005-January 2006 (*) 4505 Eurobarometer 65.1 February-March 2006 (*) 4506 Eurobarometer 65.2 March-May 2006 (*) 4507 Eurobarometer 65.3 May-June 2006 (*) 4508 Eurobarometer 65.4 June-July 2006 (*) 4526 Eurobarometer 66.1 September-Oct 2006 (*) 4527 Eurobarometer 66.2 October-November 2006 (*) 4528 Eurobarometer 66.3 November-Dec 2006 (*) 4529 Eurobarometer 67.1 February-March 2007 (*) 4530 Eurobarometer 67.2 April-May 2007 (*) 4561 Eurobarometer 67.3 May-June 2007 (*) (*)Original data set editions are distributed as received from the principal investigator (data collector). Variables under embargo as of January 11, 2008 (Eurobarometer 65.4, 66.2, 66.3, 67.1, 67.3) have been dropped from the respective SPSS data sets and questionnaires/codebooks. 4

Overview of available file types POR Portable SPSS system files are available for all Eurobarometer. They include labels for all variables and values. Missing values are predefined for processed and standardised data sets (see SPSS syntax file) but not active in the system files. SPS SPSS syntax files contain the MISSING value definitions and important errata and data processing information, if needed and not available separately. DOC.PDF / (starting with wave 62) README.PDF An archive document containing important information about the respective Eurobarometer edition, including embargo provisions, weighting information or errata remarks. COD.PDF The original data provider s (fieldwork co-ordinator) codebook is provided only up to wave 61 and if an archive codebook is not (yet) available. CDB.PDF (only up to Eurobarometer 50.0) The machine readable archive standard codebook in Portable Document Format representing the layout of the former ICPSR/ZA hardcopy codebooks, including frequency counts by countries. BQ.PDF / BQ_EN.PDF / BQ_FR.PDF / Q_GB.PDF / Q_FR.PDF / The English and French language versions of the basic questionnaires, or basic bilingual questionnaires in Portable Document Format. The basic (i.e. master) questionnaires include the original technical specifications for the respective survey. Up to Eurobarometer 18 only the British (GB) and the French (FR) field questionnaires are available. Portable Document Format files can be read, navigated and printed by Adobe Acrobat Reader software. Free copies of the Acrobat Reader for all common computing platforms are available at: http://www.adobe.com/prodindex/acrobat/readstep.html. All codebook files and the basic questionnaires starting with wave 32 can be searched for single words or strings in question or answer text using the Acrobat Reader FIND functionality. 5

Eurobarometer Holding Information Preliminary Remark As a result of the increased number and volume of recent surveys connected with the Eurobarometer survey series, the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), the Zentralarchiv für Empirische Sozialforschung (since 2007 GESIS-ZA), and the Swedish Social Science Data Service (SSD) have entered into a co-operative arrangement for the production and distribution of these important data collections, starting with Eurobarometer 37 and 43 respectively. Under this agreement, ICPSR, ZA, and intermittently SSD alternately assume(d) responsibility for the archive edition of each survey. In this way all users receive Eurobarometer data sets and codebook documentation in identical standard formats although each archive will still employ its own study number to identify each survey. Since this co-operation presupposes common standards for data and codebook preparation, the formatting may in some details diverge from the usual ICPSR, ZA, or SSD standards. Identical datasets, SPSS control statements and English-language documentation are distributed by ICPSR and GESIS-ZA. Since 2007 Standard Eurobarometer are successively published for retrieval, on-line data browsing and download under the NESSTAR based ZACAT system. Bibliographic Citation Publications based on ICPSR or ZA data collections should acknowledge those sources by means of bibliographic citations. To ensure that such source attributions are captured for social science bibliographic utilities, citations must appear in footnotes or in the reference section of publications. The proposed bibliographic citation for a typical Eurobarometer data collection is: R. Soufflot de Magny (European Commission): Eurobarometer 63.1: Science and Technology, Social Values, and Services of General Interest, January-February 2005. [Computer file]. Conducted by TNS OPINION & SOCIAL and managed by EOS GALLUP EUROPE, Brussels, requested and coordinated by the European Commission, Directorate General Press and Communication, Opinion Polls. ZA4233 1st archive edition, Cologne, Germany: Zentralarchiv für Empirische Sozialforschung [distributor]. 2007-11-24.. Please always check for relevant variations over time and adapt accordingly. 6

Access Restrictions The access to data and documentation is restricted to the registered user (or users who have received permission from the archive) respectively to the usage within the framework of the purpose or project specified in the application form. The user agrees with the GESIS-ZA regulations about the usage of data archive resources. Request for Information on Use of Archival Resources To provide funding agencies with essential information about the use of archival resources and to facilitate the exchange of information about related research activities, users of the data are requested to send to ICPSR or ZA respectively bibliographic citations for each completed manuscript or thesis abstract. Please indicate in a cover letter which data (surveys and respective variables) were used (email to: meinhard.moschner@gesis.org). We will also always appreciate information about any errors that you find in Eurobarometer data and/or documentation. Data Disclaimer The original collector of the data, ICPSR, ZA, SSD, and the relevant funding agencies bear no responsibility for uses of this collection or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. Copyrights Archive Codebooks:... <year of publication>, Zentralarchiv für Empirische Sozialforschung, Cologne, Germany.... <year of publication>, The University of Michigan, all rights reserved. Copyright restrictions do not apply to member institutions of the ICPSR. All or part of this codebook may be reproduced for use at member institutions with appropriate citation to the principal investigators and the ICPSR. Questionnaires: European Communities. The Eurobarometer questionnaires are reproduced with the licence granted by its author, the European Commission, Directorate-General for Information, Communication, Culture and Audiovisual Media, 200 rue da le Loi, B-1049 Brussels, and by permission of its publishers, the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2 rue Mercier, L-2985 Luxembourg. 7

The Eurobarometer (a.k.a. Euro-Barometer) Survey Series The Eurobarometer surveys are the products of a unique program of cross-national and cross-temporal social science research. The effort began in early 1970, when the Commission of the European Community sponsored simultaneous surveys of the publics of the Community. These surveys were designed to measure public awareness of, and attitudes toward, the Common Market and other European Community institutions, in complementary fashion. These concerns have remained a central part of the European Community's research efforts -- which were carried forward in 1971 with another six-nation survey and in a survey of the publics of the European Community countries -- then nine in number -- carried out in 1973. After 1973, the surveys took on a somewhat broader scope in content as well as in geographical coverage, with measures of subjective satisfaction and the perceived quality of life becoming standard features of the European Community public opinion surveys. In 1974, the Commission of the European Community launched the Eurobarometer series, designed to provide a regular monitoring of the social and political attitudes of the publics of the nine member-nations: France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Luxembourg. These Eurobarometer surveys are carried out in the spring and fall of each year. In addition to obtaining regular readings of support for European integration and the perceived quality of life, each of the Eurobarometer has explored a variety of special topics. Also, attitudes toward the organization and role of the European Parliament have been explored in almost each Eurobarometer beginning with Barometer 7 in the spring of 1977. Intermittently Standard Eurobarometer have investigated special topics, such as agriculture, biotechnology, energy, environment, development aid, gender roles, health related issues, immigration and xenophobia, poverty and social exclusion, regional identity, science and technology, information technology, working conditions, urban traffic etc. In the case of some supplementary studies, special youth and elderly samples have been drawn. Starting with Eurobarometer 34.1 additional supplementary surveys on special issues have been conducted which might only include a reduced set of standard trend questions or demographics. The Eurobarometer have included Greece since Autumn 1980 (EB 14), Portugal and Spain since Autumn 1985 (EB 24), the former German Democratic Republic since Autumn 1990 (EB 34), Norway occasionally since the fall 1991 (EB 34), Finland since the spring of 1993 (Number 39), and Sweden and Austria since fall 1994 (EB 42). Starting with Eurobarometer 62 the 10 new members as of 2004 and in most waves also the remaining candidate countries (Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia and Turkey) are considered, intermittently complemented by the Turkish Cypriote Community (TCC) and, for the first time in 2007, Macedonia. 8

The Eurobarometer public opinion surveys are conducted on behalf of and coordinated by the European Commission, DG Press and Communication - Opinion Polls Sector. Special topic modules are carried out on request of the responsible EC Directorate General as regards the topic. The program was initially launched and managed until 1986 by Jacques-René Rabier in co-operation with Ronald Inglehart. Between 1987 and 1996 it was continued and enlarged under the direction of Karlheinz Reif, since 1993 together with Anna Melich. Anna Melich took over the Eurobarometer direction from 1997 to 1999, by then still within the organizational framework of the former Directorate-General X, Public Opinion Surveys and Research Unit. In 2000/2002 Eurobarometer were intermittently conducted in the framework of of the DG Education and Culture, Citizens' Center - Analysis of Public Opinion, under the direction of Harald Hartung, and starting with Eurobarometer 54 under the DG Communication, Public Opinion unit, initially headed by Thomas Christensen, and since 2003 by Antonis Papacostas. Since 1999 the organisation and supervision of the surveys were consecutively executed by Rubén Mohedano-Brèthes (until 2002) and Renaud Soufflot de Magny (until 2006). 9

Codebook Information The following example (source: Eurobarometer 44.1) reproduces the information appearing in the machine-readable archive codebook 1 for a typical variable; the numbers in brackets do not appear but are references to the descriptions: V65 <POLDISC> Q4 POLITICAL DISCUSSION -FREQUENCY <1> <2> <3> Location: 147 MD1: 0 Width: 1 MD2: 4 Decimal Places: n <4> <5> <6> <7> Q.4 When you get together with friends, would you say you discuss political matters frequently, occasionally, or never? ------------------------------------------------------------- <8> <Last trend: EB44.0 Q.2> <9> <10> 1. Frequently 2. Occasionally 3. Never 4. DK 0. NA 9. Inap., not asked in... <11> F B NL D-W I L DK IRL GB NIRL I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I 1 I 191I 106I 147I 160I 254I 120I 216I 128I 174I 28I % I 19.1I 10.6I 14.7I 15.0I 24.8I 15.7I 21.7I 13.0I 16.3I 9.0I I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I 2 I 559I 555I 650I 718I 557I 418I 576I 446I 533I 148I % I 56.0I 55.4I 64.8I 67.1I 54.3I 54.8I 57.8I 45.2I 49.9I 47.7I I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I 3 I 248I 341I 206I 192I 215I 225I 205I 412I 362I 134I % I 24.8I 34.0I 20.5I 17.9I 21.0I 29.5I 20.6I 41.8I 33.9I 43.2I I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I 4 I 2MI 8MI 17MI 23MI 2MI 7MI 3MI 14MI 1MI 1MI I I I I I I I I I I I I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I 0 I I 3MI I 2MI I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I Sum 1000 1013 1020 1095 1028 770 1000 1000 1070 311 GR E P D-E N FIN S A I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I 1 I 235I 99I 77I 205I 180I 159I 168I 176I % I 23.4I 9.9I 8.3I 20.3I 19.2I 15.2I 17.0I 17.2I I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I 2 I 516I 477I 410I 646I 602I 649I 637I 637I % I 51.3I 47.9I 43.9I 64.0I 64.1I 62.2I 64.5I 62.1I I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I 3 I 255I 420I 446I 158I 157I 236I 182I 213I % I 25.3I 42.2I 47.8I 15.7I 16.7I 22.6I 18.4I 20.8I I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I-----I 4 I 2MI 4MI 3MI 5MI 11MI 6MI 2MI 10MI I I I I I I I I I 1 Archive standard codebooks are only available up to Eurobarometer survey 50.0. Due to the technical changeover in the ZA codebook production from OSIRIS to DDI-XML, the codebooks for subsequently processed data sets will only become available at a later stage. 10

<1> Indicates the variable number (SPSS variable name). A serial variable number is assigned to each variable in the data collection. <2> In the future unique MNEMO-technical abbreviations can be assigned to selected trend variables in the data collection. This feature is presently not available. <3> Indicates the abbreviated variable labels (maximum of 40 characters) used to identify the variable for the user. These variable labels are identical to corresponding SPSS variable labels. <4> Indicates the starting location and width of this variable when the data set is stored. If the variable is of a multiple-response type, the width referenced is that of a single response. In this example the variable is 1 column wide. <5> Indicates the code values of missing data. In this example, 0 (MD1) and 4 (MD2) or any code greater than 4, are missing data. Most analysis software packages require that certain types of data which the user desires to be excluded from analysis be designated as "MISSING DATA," e.g., inappropriate (Inap.), not ascertained (NA), unascertainable, or ambiguous data categories such as "Don't Know" (DK). Although these codes are defined as missing data categories, this does not mean that the user should not or cannot use them in a substantive role and modify the corresponding SPSS definition if so desired. For compatibility purposes the missings are not defined in the portable SPSS system files. <6> Indicates the number (n) of decimal places defined for the respective variable. <7> This is the full text (question) supplied by the investigator to describe the variable. The question text and the numbers and letters that may appear at the beginning reflect the wording of the questionnaire item. The question text is usually derived from the basic English questionnaire or the British field questionnaire. <8> Comments in brackets are references which do not appear in the original questionnaire. They delineate explanatory text added by the principal investigator (i.e. the co-ordinating fieldwork institute) or ICPSR, ZA or SSD. In this case the last appearance of the present question is referenced; in the case of multiple response variables (dummy variables) the corresponding full question text is referenced. <9> Indicates the code values occurring in the data for this variable. <10> Indicates the textual definitions of the codes. Abbreviations commonly used in the code definitions are "DK" (Don't Know), "NA" (Not Ascertained), and "Inap." (Inappropriate). 11

<11> The absolute frequencies for each country refer to the number of cases in the unweighted dataset. The relative frequencies for each country refer to the valid cases, i.e., the unweighted total number of cases reduced by the number of cases defined as missing data (M). The Sum refers to the total number of each country's cases in the unweighted dataset. Please notice that unlike typical ICPSR codebooks all tables contain unweighted frequency counts. The following abbreviations are used to indicate countries: France F FR Belgium B BE The Netherlands NL Germany D DE Germany (West) D-W DE_W Germany (East) D-E DE_E Italy I IT Luxembourg L LU Denmark DK Ireland IRE IE United Kingdom UK GB Great Britain GB Northern Ireland NIRL GB_NI Greece GR Spain E ES Portugal P PT Norway N NO Finland FIN FI Sweden S SE Austria A AT Rep. of Cyprus CY Czech Republic CZ Estonia EE Hungary HU Latvia LV Lithuania LT Malta MT Poland PL Slovakia SK Slovenia SI Bulgaria BG Romania RO Turkey TR Croatia HR Cyprus (TCC) CY_TCC Macedonia MK 12

Contacts Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) The University of Michigan P.O. Box 1248 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248 U.S.A. Contact: Peter Granda (Assistant Archival Director) Phone: (001) 734-615-2977 ICPSR Fax: (001) 734-647-8700 E-mail: peterg@icpsr.umich.edu URL: http://www.icpsr.umich.edu GESIS-ZA (Central Archive) Bachemerstr. 40 D-50931 Köln Germany Contact: Meinhard Moschner Phone: ++49 (0)221 47694 21 Fax: ++49 (0)221 47694 44 E-mail: meinhard.moschner@gesis.org URL: http://www.gesis.org/eurobarometer/ European Commission Directorate General Press and Communication Public Opinion Analysis Sector Rue de la Loi 200/Wetstraat 200 B-1049 Bruxelles/Brussel Belgium Contact: n.n. Pone: (32.2) 299.30.85 Fax: (32.2) 296.17.49 E-mail: eurobarometer@ec.europa.eu URL: http://europa.eu.int/comm/public_opinion/ 13