Chapter 4 Culture & Currents of Thought
Chapter 4 Culture & Currents of Thought Section 4: The British Regime (1760-1867) Part 2: Ultramontinism & Anticlericalism
Background Catholic church super important in New France What happened to the church after the British took over.? The RC church stayed in the Province of Quebec & continued to be involved in the lives of Catholics
Background Catholic Church wanted to remain in the British territory to keep power & influence was initially kicked out after Royal Proclamation in 1763 Had to help British keep order and obedience in the colony same as during the French Regime tell parishioners not to go against British government in the colony Decide to collaborate (help) the British administrators (governors) at certain times: Not to join in on American Revolution Not to join rebellion against government during 1837-1838 rebellions
Hardcore Catholics Ultramontinism IDEOLOGY that the RC church should have power within the state (government) Laws should suit the beliefs of the church Influence on parishioners priests telling people who to vote for during church services Parishioners = people who attend church People connected to Ultramontinism did not like liberalism or liberal ideas Philosophy / science questioning the church Institute Canadien was not liked by Ultramontinists questioned the church s involvement in politics in the colony
Ultramontinism People who represented Ultramontinism during the British Regime: Clergy (priests & nuns) Monseigneur Ignace Bourget (Bishop of Montreal 1840-1876) Monseigneur Louis Laflèche (Bishop of Trois-Rivières 1870-1898)
Ultramontinism Ignace Bourget got salty with the Institute Canadien Institute Canadien was VERY liberal (Libralism) did not agree with the influence the Church had in politics/ power they had over everyday life Bourget tried to have members of Institute banned form the government in the colony Eventually, the RC church did not allow members of the L Institut Canadien to be buried in a catholic cemetery
Ultramontinism The Guibord Affair Joseph Guibord member of Institute Canadien Helped contribute to a book written by Institute Canadien mocking the Church Was considered a public sinner and was not allowed to be buried in a Catholic cemetery after his death in 1869 his wife fought the decision and won in 1774 Guibord s remains were exhumed and brought to the Notre-Dame-des-Neiges cemetery to be buried but were met by and angry mob eventually, his body was escorted by military personnel to be buried However Ignace Bourget went to the grave site and deemed it non-consecrated ground (not holy)
Ultramontinism Artistic depiction of Joseph Guibord The final gravesite of Joseph Guibord (1923)
Ultramontinism How was ultramontinism expressed? Writings Letters and newspapers L Ordre de L Union Catholique Condemning plays, certain theatre performances and books The Guibord Affair The pontifical Zouaves soldiers from Quebec defending Rome from the Italian unification movement Left: Pontifical Zouaves soldiers from Quebec
Anticlericalism An idea or attitude that refuses the RC church s influence over all aspects of life other than religious affairs Church in charge of school, healthcare, welfare system RC priests often influenced parishioners when it came to voting in elections Anticlericalism was against church involvement in politics/government Church should be separate from government Challenge traditional ideas of the church
Anticlericalism People who represented Anticlericalism: Parti Rouge political party Members of L Institute Canadien Louis Antoine Dessaulles Journalist and member of Institute Canadien Joseph Doutre Journalist and member of Institute Canadien Robert Nelson Photograph of Louis Antoine Dessaulles around 1860
Anticlericalism How was anticlericalism expressed? The library of the L institut Canadien Any type of written document that suggests that the Catholic Church should not possess power within politics L Avenir newspaper L Institute Canadien library (late 1800s)
Document Analysis Victoria Bridge in 1858 Which current of thought from 1763-1867 can we connect these document to? Explain how each document connects to this current of thought.
Connections to the Progressions of learning